The multilingual practices of Laurence Sterne

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arja Nurmi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Laurence Sterne ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This article discusses the multilingual practices identified in the public and private writings of Laurence Sterne, novelist and clergyman. The data used consists of Sterne’s two novels as well as a selection of his personal correspondence. Sterne uses a wide variety of languages in his texts, although the most common ones are French and Latin, the languages he seems to have been most fluent in. Sterne engages in some practices associated with translanguaging, particularly in terms of playful language use and mediation of foreign-language passages, but it is impossible to pinpoint any specific characteristics of translanguaging for certain. On the whole, it would seem that the analysis of Sterne’s multilingual practices does not benefit from the translanguaging point-of-view.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

scholarly journals ABSTRACT OF PRACTICAL ACTIVITY OF A WORKGROUP ON «DECOMMUNIZATION» OF PUBLIC AREA OF THE TOWN OF VINNYTSIA: HISTORIAN’S VIEW

2017 ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Karoyeva
Keyword(s):  
Group Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Public Area ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Town ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with practical activity of the workgroup created in order toadminister the Law of Ukraine «On condemnation of totalitarian regimes inUkraine and prohibition of propaganda of their insignia» within the town ofVinnytsia. The workgroup had to reveal objects containing communist andSoviet insignia that exists in the public urban area, to work out advice andpropositions as to replacing town toponyms containing insignia of communistthe totalitarian regime with new names.The article content is arranged in the following blocks: a) creation of theworkgroup; b) decision-making algorithm (from historians’ point of view);c) scientific grounds of historian group activity; d) selection of objects forfurther discussion; e) procedure of discussion of proposed new toponyms.Six historians residing in Vinnytsia were introduced into the workgroup.They belong to various generations and represent both governmental andpublic organizations. The following principles have been defined for organizingof the historian group activity: - toleration (provides for respectful attitude towards various canons ofhistoric memory except for Soviet-communist one);- historicism (due regard to be paid not only to the past but to currenttendencies and challenges of the future as well);- education (the activity has to promote dialogs between various socialgroups and formation of unified collective memory);- local topicality with a view to the formation of unified image/brand of thetown.Several approaches to practical activity on replacing of toponyms havebeen developed in order to ensure smooth work process. They were intendedto be used simultaneously or in sequence depending on the actual situation butevery proposal was concerned from the proposed standpoints in line with allthe following approaches:- historicity (provides for restoration of historical names of places andimplementation of historical and urban practical methods of representationof the town history in toponymy);- commemoration (this approach traditionally provides for drawing attentionto the formation of ethnic and national identity and cultural matrixof the nation, but in the course of solving of nation-wide problems Vinnytsiahistorian group strived to be oriented to the identity of local urbancommunity);- locality (conformity of toponyms to peculiarities of nature, history,economics and culture of Vinnytsia, Bratslavshchyna, and Podillia regions);- concreteness (provides for conformity of a toponym to its actual local(in line with toponym’s scale) circumstances (geographical, biological,industrial, cultural, religious, personological etc.);- actualization (due regard to be paid to the necessity of drawing attentionto certain events and persons that, as a rule, are not of the nationwidescale).Out of total 836 town place names, 147 toponyms (85 names) have beenreplaced with new ones and reasoning for 5 names (12 toponyms) has beenchanged. Thus decommunization encompassed 19% of the town toponymicalsystem.

Competition and partnership in public and private sector strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Jacek Stasiak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Public And Private Sector

The existence of the public and private sectors in the modern economy is justified from the point of view of economic policy, especially with regard to its stabilising function (regulatory sphere) and allocative and redistributive function (real sphere).

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis Algorithm for Urban Forestry Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Nesticò ◽  
Maria Rosaria Guarini ◽  
Pierluigi Morano ◽  
Francesco Sica
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Support Tools

The second half of the 20th century was characterized by rapid growth of the urban population and lack of attention to environmental quality in the urbanizes territories. Thus, the development of many cities during that period took place through policies which, over time, resulted in a disaggregated landscape, both in morphological and functional terms. In some cases, these policies have caused the creation of land portions without a specific characterization, and the generation of urban voids that negatively affect the city’s development. To solve this problem, the public administration sectors of many countries are looking for new intervention strategies that are feasible from a social and economic point of view which are able to guarantee sustainable development. From this perspective, the execution of urban regeneration initiatives, including forestation, allows for the improvement of both environmental quality and citizens’ well-being, and promotes economic development. Considering the multiple effects that these initiatives can generate and the limited availability of public and private resources, it is appropriate to use multi-criteria decision support tools through which it is possible to evaluate the interventions’ complexity and best identify the city areas that lend themselves to be recovered and improved through the forestation. The aim of this work is to develop a support tool for public administrations aimed at identifying the optimal forestry projects’ location according to criteria that not only refer to financial type, but also their social, cultural, and environmental nature. Using Discrete Linear Programming algorithms, the model has been tested through a theoretical case study and reveals the advantages and limitations of the model, as well as future research prospects.

scholarly journals Exploration of Silence's Motives Towards the Work Decisions: The Case of Jordanian Public and Private Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Osama Khaled Alkhlaifat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Last Stage

The aim of this study has been to investigate and provide a deeper understanding of the motives of silence towards the participation in the work-related decisions, in both the public and private schools in the Jordanian capital (Amman). ‘100’ teachers were interviewed using the semi-structured interviews through the available communication means. The pre-set questions were directed to the sample of the study to identify both the situations related to the decisions and motives leading to silence and non-participation from the respondents' point of view. The motives were classified according to the factors to which they belong, as well as the situations were classified according to each stage of the decision-making process, where some specialists in the field of human resources management had been asked to help in accomplishing the classification. The results showed that the largest percentage of respondents faced at least one situation in which they chose to remain silent. Most of the situations mentioned were related to the first and last stage of decision-making process (identifying the problem and following up the decision). The results also showed that most of the motives were related to the organizational practices by the officials, where the total iteration is twice as the personal motives.

scholarly journals A Transcrição de Exames na Consulta de Medicina Geral e Familiar: Perspetiva Ética Sobre o Caso do Pedido de Tomografia Computorizada Maxilofacial para Realização de Implantes Dentários

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Paulo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Bureaucratic Constraints ◽  
Physician’S Perspective ◽  
Common Situation ◽  
De Medicina

In the Portuguese National Health Service, little attention has been paid to oral health care. The almost nonexistence of a dentistry network raises concern about accessibility to services, and justifies the need to call on a predominantly private provision of services. The coexistence between the public and private settings is not always easy, especially when services need to interact and actively collaborate in order to find answers to the patient’s problems. Dental implant procedures and the need to perform a previous maxillofacial computerized tomography to study the bone bed where osseointegrated dental implants are placed are a common situation. The current governmental regulation, blinded to the clinical context, may limit the accessibility to the tests. Based on this scenario, we discuss the possible options from an ethical point of view, framing the patient’s and the physician’s perspective and the relation between both.We conclude that the medical decision can’t be disregarded from the clinical evaluation, in the intimacy of the medical consultation. This is an ethical duty that overrules the administrative and bureaucratic constraints. A good management of this apparent dichotomy may enhance better health and greater empowerment for the patient.

Between public and private

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Lehti
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ordinary Person ◽  
Blog Posts

The article shows that while public discourse is claimed to be undergoing a process of conversationalisation – i.e. adopting features of casual and informal communicative situations – this process does not apply to any great extent to French politicians’ blogs. The parameters investigated in a corpus of 80 politicians’ blog posts during September 2007 are private and informal topics, and conversation-like interaction. The main focus of the study is on the minority of blogs in the material which are in fact conversationalised. These blogs are examined from the point of view of persuasion, as devices in constructing a credible image of the author. The results show that while these few conversationalised blogs construct an image of the author as an ‘ordinary’ person close to the public, the majority of the blogs create an authorial image as a remote political expert. The extent to which the construction of a lay image is successful, however, is questioned in the analysis.

scholarly journals PRÁTICAS VICIOSAS EM LICITAÇÕES: ANÁLISE DE CASOS INVESTIGADOS PELA CONTROLADORIA-GERAL DA UNIÃO (CGU)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Eronilton Pereira Buriti ◽  
Maria Lírida Calou de Araújo e Mendonça ◽  
Marco Antônio Praxedes de Moraes Filho
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Public Agency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Money ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
And Control ◽  
Official Records ◽  
Selection Of

O principal escopo desta pesquisa se concentra em investigar algumas das práticas viciosas mais comuns durante a realização de processos licitatórios no setor público brasileiro. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na metodologia exploratória, sendo aplicada a partir de casos práticos examinados por um dos órgãos de fiscalização e controle da verba pública brasileira. Foram estudados 70 (setenta) relatórios da Controladoria-Geral da União, os quais estão disponíveis na página eletrônica do referido órgão. A seleção dos casos práticos se deu aleatoriamente, sem comparar localização, perfil político e grau de repetitividade. O que se buscou foi apresentar o que é considerado bastante “grosseiro” do ponto de vista de erros administrativos. Preliminarmente, o estudo trata de aspectos gerais da licitação pública, abordando os princípios setoriais deste microssistema jurídico e as diferentes modalidades estabelecidas pelo ordenamento. Na sequência, adentrando na proposta central deste trabalho, foram examinados alguns casos práticos constatados a partir de fiscalizações em atividades de execução de obras públicas em diversos períodos e locais do Brasil. O instrumento utilizado na sondagem foram os registros oficiais dos órgãos públicos de controle, bem como, seus documentos disponíveis em suas páginas eletrônicas. A título de conclusão foi possível verificar inúmeras lacunas no tocante a organização destes procedimentos, causa principal do não cumprimento da legislação especializada. VICIOUS BIDDING PRACTICES: ANALYSIS OF CASES INVESTIGATED BY THE BRAZILIAN OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL (CGU) ABSTRACT The main scope of this research focuses on investigating some of the most common vicious practices during bidding processes in the Brazilian public sector. The research was developed in the exploratory methodology, being applied from practical cases examined by one of the organs of fiscalization and control of the Brazilian public money. We studied seventy (70) of the Comptroller General's reports, which are available on the website of this public agency. The selection of practical cases occurred randomly, without comparing location, political profile and degree of repetitiveness. What was sought was to present what is considered quite "huge" from the point of view of administrative errors. Preliminarily, the study deals with general aspects of public bidding, addressing the sectoral principles of this legal micro-system and the different modalities established by the ordinance. Following, in the central proposal of this work, we examined some practical cases verified from inspections in activities of execution of public works in diverse periods and places of Brazil. The instrument used in the survey were the official records of the public control bodies, as well as their documents available on their electronic pages. As a conclusion, it was possible to identify a number of shortcomings in the organization of these procedures, the main cause of non-compliance with the specialized legislation.

Analysis of public procurement of translation services from the point of view of issues and solutions in the actual procurement practice in Montenegro

Babel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 804-816
Author(s):  
Mersad Mujević
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Translation Services ◽  
Procurement Procedure ◽  
Clear Description ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A number of issues faced by contracting authorities in the procedure of public procurement of services for translation of the acquis result from the lack of an overall coordination system for the translation project. One of the key elements for a well-balanced and efficient system is to properly plan the needs for translation services. Translation is an extraordinary skill. The skill to communicate reflections, feelings, facts from one language to another. If the job has been well done by a translator, the reader of the translation (prospective tenderer) must have the impression that the text of the documentation was originally written or spoken in his own language. As far as translation of tender documentation is concerned, the tenderer/reader of the translation should not have any doubts about the meaning of the message he receives. Moreover: it is not enough only to understand the message. Any message conveyed using unusual expressions, unnatural sentences, even if understood, is annoying and irritating to the prospective tenderer, who, due to this, may even be repelled by the tender documentation itself. In a good translation, in other words, the intervention of the translator should not be noticeable, and this actually constitutes the translator’s skill. Therefore, clearly defined conditions, criteria, deadlines, clear description of the job to be performed etc. are an important segment in defining the quality-based selection of the translator. The purpose of this paper is to address the most important aspects in the public procurement procedure the contracting authorities and tenderers are dealing with, in terms of the procedural aspects of procurement, which should result in a referential framework for requirements concerning the quality and supervision of the quality of translation services.

The Public and the Private on the Construction of a Celebrity: The Case of Émile Zola

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Célia Vieira ◽  
Inês Guerra Santos
Keyword(s):  
Emile Zola ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Literary Figure ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this article, it is intended to reflect about the concept of celebrity, mainly in the end of the XIX century, departing from Émile Zola. In this context, the main goals are both the understanding of the construction of the concept “celebrity”, and how and if it may fit to a literary figure as Zola as a public person, based on the analysis of a specific medium, the letter, as a means of communication situated between the public and private spheres. We propose to analyse a corpus of letters, available on the Eman platform, sent from the Ibero-American area to Zola at the end of the 19th century. This corpus does not constitute a uniform object of analysis, given the diversity of letter writers who take the liberty of writing to Zola during this period when the novelist and his work are already well known and had been the target of numerous polemics on art and literature in the decade preceding the writing of these texts. From a theoretical point of view, we place ourselves in the perspective of studies concerning the history and culture of celebrity, as well as studies concerning comparative literature. In the light of these achievements, we will seek to study this corpus as an expression of an audience that reflects the image of Zola as a public figure and, at the same time, achieves a literary and cultural self-reflection. The methodologies used will be a qualitative analysis applied to the content of the letters, in order to show that, although correspondence have traditionally been allocated a secondary status, in fact the correspondence method, as a primary data-gathering technique, may present unique advantages circumventing the embarrassment that participants may face otherwise.

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