Agricultural sector pressure indicators in the European Union.

2009 ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jesinghaus
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Pressure Indicators

scholarly journals Economic and financial position of agricultural enterprises in the period before the accession to the European Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 486-494
Author(s):  
Z. Chrastinová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Legal Entities

In the year before the accession to the European Union, the Slovak agricultural sector reported a loss of SKK 2.4 billion and following a profitable year, the earnings were reduced by SKK 2.8 billion. The situation was caused by a number of reasons, namely reduced sales of agricultural products, damage resulting from adverse weather effects (cold weather, hail, drought and  swine fever), as well as widening of the price gap compared to the year before (increasing input prices in agriculture and decreasing purchase prices of agricultural products, especially in livestock production). Legal entities and natural persons experienced mixed business success. While 51% of legal entities made profit, the figure rose to 76% in the group of natural persons. Both the agricultural cooperatives and trading companies performed with a loss. The loss per hectare of agricultural land (a.l.) was substantially lower in the case of business companies. Natural persons - private farmers were profitable over the period. The gap between the profitable and loss-making enterprises has widened. Some 60% of profitable enterprises owned by legal entities made only a small profit below SKK 0.5 million. The loss-making performance was typical for more productive areas of Slovakia. This was related to stronger effects of adverse climate in 2003.

scholarly journals Are CO2 emissions converging in the European Union? Policy implications

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Rafael Morales-Lage ◽  
Aurelia Bengochea-Morancho ◽  
Immaculada Martínez-Zarzoso
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional

This paper focuses on the process of convergence in per capita CO2 emissions that would occur if the measures taken by the European Union to meet the Kyoto Protocol commitments had been effective. We apply a time series and cross-sectional analysis to test for the existence of convergence among countries and for different economic sectors. The sample covers data for the 28 member countries from 1960 to 2012. The results show weak absolute convergence across countries but clear evidence of conditional convergence, with GDP, the weight of industrial sector and the use of renewable energies being the main drivers of divergence. Concerning sectors, there is an increase of emissions in the agricultural sector, but a reduction in the industrial and energy sectors. Different patterns arise in the energy subsectors where manufacturing and electricity notably reduced their emissions while the transport sector increased them in all countries.

Main Factors That Explain the Use of Fertilisers on Farms in the European Union

2022 ◽  
pp. 155-184
Author(s):  
Vítor João Pereira Domingues Martinho
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Farm Accountancy Data Network ◽  
Classification And Regression ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Main Determinants

A deeper assessment of the main determinants associated with the use of fertilisers, for example, in the European Union farms may bring relevant insights about the respective frameworks and support to find more sustainable solutions. In this context, the main objective of this study is to identify factors that influence the use of fertilisers in the agricultural sector of the European Union regions. To achieve this objective, statistical information, at farm level, from the European Farm Accountancy Data Network was considered. These data were first analysed through exploratory approaches and after assessed with classification and regression tree methodologies. The results obtained provide interesting insights to promote a more sustainable development in the European farms, namely supporting the policymakers to design more adjusted measures and instruments. In addition, the fertilisers costs on the European Union farms are mainly explained by crop output, costs with inputs, current subsidies, utilised agricultural area, and gross investment.

Labour Drivers in the Agricultural Sector of the European Union

2022 ◽  
pp. 134-154
Author(s):  
Vítor João Pereira Domingues Martinho
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Total Output ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labour Input

The social role of the farms is, especially, relevant in the rural areas where the socioeconomic problems are, often, more visible. In this perspective, this study aims to investigate the interrelationships of the labour input with other variables inside the farms and assess how the sector may create more employment in a sustainable way. For that, the labour input was, first, correlated with other farm variables and after analysed through factor analysis approaches and cross-section econometric methodologies, considering as basis the Cobb-Douglas and Verdoorn-Kaldor models. The main findings highlight relevant insights to improve the social dimension of the European Union farms. The labour input growth rate is positively influenced by the total output growth rates and negatively impacted by the total productivity growth. The effects from the investment and from the subsidies are residual or not significant.

scholarly journals REGULATORY CHALLENGES FOR THE MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN BULGARIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Delcheva ◽  
◽  
Iskra Nencheva ◽  
Nikolay Penev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Market Development ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tax Reporting ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

An integral part of the conditions of the agricultural market in Bulgaria are the laws and regulations collected in ordinances and regulations imposed by state agencies monitoring the quality and safety of agricultural products traded on the Bulgarian market. The goals are to achieve equal conditions for market participation, tax reporting, quality control. In the last two years we have been observers and participants in the accompanying Covid-19 crisis related to the consequences of Covid-19, both in Bulgaria and the European Union, and around the world. Inevitably, the effects of the restriction and the measures caused by the crown crisis will continue to prolong over time in the agricultural sector and agriculture in general. The purpose of this study is to trace how the current regulatory norms affect the sale of agricultural production and how the restriction has affected the crisis. Are regulatory norms a condition for market development or are they a barrier to market entry and survival and what protection do they provide to end users?

scholarly journals The Effects Of The Distribution Of Agricultural Direct Payments

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Alfaro-Navarro ◽  
Jose Mondejar-Jimenez ◽  
Manuel Vargas-Vargas ◽  
Juan Carlos Gazquez-Abad ◽  
Jose Felipe Jimenez- Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Common Policy

The Common Agricultural Policy (the CAP) is the most important common policy of the European Union, for which reason it traditionally monopolizes a large part of the European Union budget. Without doubt, the aids that farms receive from this policy are the pillar on which it sustains the battered agricultural sectors. Among CAP aid, direct payments are particularly important, in 2008 accounting for about 37% of the total EU budget. The main objective of this paper is to analyse the effects that the distribution of the CAP direct payments have on the agrarian economy. Specifically, we have analysed the equality level in distribution of CAP direct aid in the countries of the European Union using a concentration index. In this way, we have examined the fairness of distribution of CAP direct aid in the agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Transformation of Production Relations in the Agricultural Sector of the Economy of Bulgaria in the Euro-Integration Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Mariia Georgiieva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Production Relations

On the basis of archival sources and studies of Bulgarian historians, the peculiarities of changes in production relations and productivity of the agrarian sector of the Bulgarian economy in the context of European integration are revealed. It is analyzed which sectors of agriculture developed, and which, on the contrary, were in a state of stagnation. In the process of Bulgaria’s accession to the European Union, the agrarian sector of the economy needed modernization of the management system and the reform of production relations.In the Bulgarian countryside, during the period of 1990-2007, a process of reforming agricultural production relations was taking place, accompanied by the conditions of European integration, which, in turn, led to the need for transformation of all spheres of agriculture in the country. One of the most important was the agrarian sphere. During the period of 1944 – 1989, the transformation in the agrarian sector of agricultural commodity production was rather controversial: the imperfection of land reform, namely land privatization, intensive process of agricultural co-operation, led to the creation of gaps in the development of all spheres of the agrarian sector. With the integration of Bulgaria into the European Union, the issue of harmonization of the agricultural production sector with the requirements of the European Union in the field of intensification of agricultural development and promotion of trade with the European Union with agrarian products became important. Given the current state of European integration processes in Ukraine, a comprehensive study of the historical conditions of the agricultural reforms in agriculture, which will allow us to analyze the problems and determine the prospects for its development on the path of integration into the European economic space, is relevant.

scholarly journals Environmental aspects of agricultural policies of the European Union countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Anna Lytvynchuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Eu

At present, the state of the economy of the agricultural sector in many countries of the world, including in the countries of the European Union (EU), inherent in developed industry, has led to the transition to a new environmentally oriented agricultural policy. An important role is assigned to state support of agricultural producers, through subsidies, preferential credit policy, and in some countries, the complete abolition of taxation of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas, which confirms the relevance and national economic significance of the article. In domestic agroeconomic science and practice, there is no scientific concept of state participation in the process of bringing the agricultural sector out of the crisis. Research objectives – consider the development policy of the agricultural sector of the EU countries; study the level of state support for agricultural producers. The purpose of the work is to consider the degree of development of the agricultural policy of the EU countries in the context of ensuring food security. The methods and methodology of the research were general scientific, particular methods of cognition, including the historical and logical, the method of observation and comparison. Shows the main approaches to state regulation of the development of the agro-industrial sector at the level of the European Union as a whole and in the context of member countries; characteristic features and principles that determine the success and integrity of a unified agricultural policy; factors contributing to the productivity of agricultural land; agro-ecological requirements restricting the import of genetically modified products; the main tasks in the development of a new policy of the agrarian sector of the economy; priority directions of regulation of measures to support agricultural producers, integrated development of rural areas, increasing the competitiveness of the EU agricultural sector. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that this study will allow the state bodies of Belarus to better understand how it is necessary to form an agricultural policy in the context of ensuring food security.

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