scholarly journals Iron absorption from a malted cocoa drink fortified with ferric orthophosphate using the stable isotope 58Fe as an extrinsic label

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
Margaret J. Minski ◽  
D. P. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Fasting Condition ◽  
Potential Use

1. The potential use of an extrinsic label to measure iron absorption from a ferric orthophosphate-fortified malted cocoa drink was examined by measuring the solubility of the FePO4 in 0·1 M-hydrochloric acid.2. The validity of using the stable isotope 58Fe as an extrinsic label was tested by comparing Fe absorption by rats from wheat flour extrinsically-labelled with 58Fe or 59Fe.3. Fe absorption from a malted cocoa drink (20 g powder made up with hot water) fortified with FePO4 (0·5 mg Fe/g powder) was measured in human subjects using 58Fe as an extrinsic label. Absorption was calculated by measuring unabsorbed 58Fe in faeces. Absorptions of Fe from the drink fortified with either FePO4 or ferrous sulphate were compared. The effect of the addition of ascorbic acid to the drink (1 mg/g powder) on Fe availability was also examined.4. The effect of fasting on Fe absorption from the drink was determined in rats by giving the drink to fasting animals or shortly after they had consumed a small meal.5. The FePO4 was totally soluble in 0·1 M-HCl and there were no differences in absorption between 58Fe- and 59Fe-labelled wheat flour. In the human experiment the proportion of Fe absorbed from the drink plus FePO4 and ascorbic acid was (mean with SE) 0·25 (0·02), from the drink plus FePO4 0·24 (0·02) and from the drink plus FeSO4 0·23 (0·03). Fasting had a significant effect on Fe availability; rats given the drink shortly after a small meal absorbed less than half as much Fe as those given the drink on a fasted stomach.6. It was concluded that the FePO4 used to fortify the malted cocoa drink was as well absorbed as FeSO4 but that the high levels of absorption were a reflection of the fasting condition of the subjects. The level of ascorbic acid was not great enough to enhance the availability of the FePO4 any further.

scholarly journals Iron absorption from rice meals cooked with fortified salt containing ferrous sulphate and ascorbic acid

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Sayers ◽  
S. R. Lynch ◽  
R. W. Charlton ◽  
T. H. Bothwell ◽  
R. B. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

1. Iron absorption from rice-containing meals was measured by red cell utilization of radioactive Fe in sixty-six volunteer multiparous Indian women.2. In all the studies salt added during the cooking process was used as the carrier for supplemental inorganic Fe and ascorbic acid.3. Intrinsic Fe in the rice and supplementary inorganic Fe were absorbed to the same extent, with a wide range of absorption values.4. There was a striking difference between the mean absorption of a 3 mg dose of ferrous Fe given to fasting subjects in a solution containing 30 mg ascorbic acid and that of Fe in a rice meal (48.7 and 3.5% respectively).5. When ascorbic acid was added during cooking there was a threefold increase in the absorption of both intrinsic Fe and supplementary Fe when a sufficient quantity (60 mg) was present.6. It is concluded that the Fe nutrition of rice-eating communities could be improved significantly by the addition of ascorbic acid to the diet.

Ascorbic Acid Chelates in Iron Absorption: A Role for Hydrochloric Acid and Bile

1968 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel E. Conrad ◽  
Stanley G. Schade
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Iron Absorption

scholarly journals Effect of EDTA on the bioavailability to rats of fortification iron used in Egyptian balady bread

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Whittaker ◽  
John E. Vanderveen
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Human Study ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
American Institute ◽  
Ferric Phosphate ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency ◽  
Potential Use

The effectiveness of EDTA compounds on iron fortificants for potential use in Egyptian balady bread was tested in sixty SpragueDawley weanling male rats by the haemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) method. To confirm HRE-derived findings, eight groups of ten animals were repleted with a modified American Institute of Nutrition (1977; AIN) 76A diet, fortified with ferric phosphate, electrolytic Fe, carbonyl Fe or ferrous sulphate, with and without ascorbic acid. Results without ascorbic acid were comparable to findings of a human study by Forbes et al. (1989). Bioavailability of EDTA-enhanced fortificants, FeSO4 + Na2EDTA and NaFe(III)EDTA, was compared with that of FeSO4 in six groups of ten animals repleted with a ground Egyptian bread meal or a casein-based AIN diet fortified with one of the three compounds. Addition of either EDTA compound significantly increased bioavailability of Fe in Egyptian balady bread. When present in the less inhibitory casein meal, however, FeSO4 + Na2EDTA fortification was significantly less effective than NaFe(1II)EDTA or the reference FeSO4. Results indicate that NaFe(I1I)EDTA may be the fortificant of choice in a mixed diet. Further study of EDTA- enhanced Fe fortificants is needed.

Mono ferrous acid citrate (FeC6O7H2O) as an iron fortificant

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Narasinga Rao ◽  
Soonita Kathoke ◽  
S. V. Apte
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ferrous Citrate ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Colour Development ◽  
Whole Body Counting

1. Iron absorption from ferrous citrate (monoferrous acid citrate, FeC6H6O7H2O) was studied in normal healthy male and female volunteers using ferrous citrate labelled with radioactive Fe and whole-body counting. Ferrous citrate was either given alone or with a rice-based meal.2. Fe absorption from ferrous citrate was satisfactory and was comparable to that from ferrous sulphate.3. Fortification of crude cooking salt with ferrous citrate was not satisfactory due to colour development on storage. Ferrous citrate can, however, serve as an effective Fe fortificant with sugar or wheat flour.

Human Plasma Iron Responses Following Test Doses of Iron from Known Sources

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-199
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn W Pla ◽  
James C Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Ferric Pyrophosphate ◽  
Dietary Components

Abstract A study was conducted to determine the effects of certain dietary components on iron absorption in human subjects. Iron absorption was measured by plasma iron responses following test doses of iron as ferrous sulfate or ferric pyrophosphate alone or with egg, enriched white bread, or ascorbic acid. The effects of egg on iron absorption were inconclusive. Phytates at the level present in enriched white bread had no adverse effects and 500 mg ascorbic acid proved beneficial.

NaFeEDTA Improves Iron Absorption from High Extraction Wheat Flour in Pakistan as Assessed by Stable Isotope Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-809
Author(s):  
Ayesha Yameen ◽  
Rakhshanda Bilal ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad ◽  
Thomas Walczyk ◽  
Zahid Latif
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Isotope Techniques

scholarly journals Vitamin C—Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Martin Doseděl ◽  
Eduard Jirkovský ◽  
Kateřina Macáková ◽  
Lenka Krčmová ◽  
Lenka Javorská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much higher than its plasma concentrations, and compared to other vitamins. The role of vitamin C is well demonstrated by miscellaneous symptoms of its absence—scurvy. The only clinically well-documented indication for vitamin C is scurvy. The effects of vitamin C administration on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections are rather minor or even debatable in the general population. Vitamin C is relatively safe, but caution should be given to the administration of high doses, which can cause overt side effects in some susceptible patients (e.g., oxalate renal stones). Lastly, analytical methods for its determination with advantages and pitfalls are also discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jorn Trommelen ◽  
Andrew M. Holwerda ◽  
Philippe J. M. Pinckaers ◽  
Luc J. C. van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein

All human tissues are in a constant state of remodelling, regulated by the balance between tissue protein synthesis and breakdown rates. It has been well-established that protein ingestion stimulates skeletal muscle and whole-body protein synthesis. Stable isotope-labelled amino acid methodologies are commonly applied to assess the various aspects of protein metabolism in vivo in human subjects. However, to achieve a more comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling in vivo in human subjects, intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusions can be combined with the ingestion of intrinsically labelled protein and the collection of blood and muscle tissue samples. The combined application of ingesting intrinsically labelled protein with continuous intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusion allows the simultaneous assessment of protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics (e.g. release of dietary protein-derived amino acids into the circulation), whole-body protein metabolism (whole-body protein synthesis, breakdown and oxidation rates and net protein balance) and skeletal muscle metabolism (muscle protein fractional synthesis rates and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into muscle protein). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various aspects of post-prandial protein handling and metabolism with a focus on insights obtained from studies that have applied intrinsically labelled protein under a variety of conditions in different populations.

Maturation, iron deficiency, and ligands in enteric radioiron transport in vitro

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Ruliffson ◽  
J. M. Hopping
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Anaerobic Incubation ◽  
Reverse Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Everted Gut Sac

The effects in rats, of age, iron-deficiency anemia, and ascorbic acid, citrate, fluoride, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) on enteric radioiron transport were studied in vitro by an everted gut-sac technique. Sacs from young animals transported more than those from older ones. Proximal jejunal sacs from anemic animals transported more than similar sacs from nonanemic rats, but the reverse effect appeared in sacs formed from proximal duodenum. When added to media containing ascorbic acid or citrate, fluoride depressed transport as did anaerobic incubation in the presence of ascorbic acid. Anaerobic incubation in the presence of EDTA appeared to permit elevated transport. Ascorbic acid, citrate, and EDTA all enhanced the level of Fe59 appearing in serosal media. These results appear to agree with previously established in vivo phenomena and tend to validate the in vitro method as one of promise for further studies of factors affecting iron absorption and of the mechanism of iron absorption.

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