scholarly journals High intake of added sugar among Norwegian children and adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina C Øverby ◽  
Inger TL Lillegaard ◽  
Lars Johansson ◽  
Lene F Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Parents Education

AbstractObjective:It is debated whether the intake of added sugar displaces micronutrient-rich foods and dilutes the nutrient density of the diet, and whether there is a link between sugar and the increased rate of obesity. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of added sugar on the intakes of energy, micronutrients, fruit and vegetables, and to examine the association between intake of added sugar and age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, inactivity and parents' education.Design:Participants recorded their food intake in pre-coded food diaries for 4 days and filled in a questionnaire about physical activity, watching television (TV)/using a personal computer (PC) and parents' education.Subjects:Three hundred and ninety-one 4-year-olds, 810 students in the 4th grade (9 years old) and 1005 in the 8th grade (13 years old) were included in the study.Results:The intakes of all nutrients, except α-tocopherol among 4-year-olds and vitamin C among 4-year-olds and 4th graders, decreased with increasing content of added sugar in the diet. Moreover, high consumers of added sugar had a 30–40% lower intake of fruit and vegetables than did low consumers. A negative association was observed between consumption of added sugar and body mass index among girls in the 8th grade (P = 0.013), whereas a positive association was observed among 4-year-old boys (P = 0.055). Associations between physical activity, hours spent watching TV/using a PC, parents' education and the energy intake from added sugar varied in the different age groups.Conclusions:This study showed a negative association between the intake of added sugar and intakes of micronutrients, fruit and vegetables. The negative association between sugar intake and intake of fruit and vegetables is important from a public health perspective, since one of the main health messages today is to increase current intake of fruit and vegetables.

scholarly journals Dietary improvement in people with schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. McCreadie ◽  
Ciara Kelly ◽  
Moira Connolly ◽  
Sue Williams ◽  
Gwen Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Scottish Health Survey ◽  
Meal Planning ◽  
Index Level ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPeople with schizophrenia make poor dietary choices.AimsTo measure the impact of giving free fruit and vegetables for 6 months on eating habits in schizophrenia.MethodWe randomly allocated 102 people with schizophrenia in two areas of Scotland to receive free fruit and vegetables for 6 months, supported by instruction in meal planning and food preparation; free fruit and vegetables alone; or to continue as before. Diet was assessed using the Scottish Health Survey questionnaire. Blood samples to measure micronutrients were taken and mental state, body mass index, level of physical activity and future risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) were assessed.ResultsAfter the intervention, those who received free fruit and vegetables, or free fruit and vegetables and associated instruction, were consuming significantly more fruit and vegetables than those in the treatment as usual group. Consumption fell to pre-intervention levels 12 months after the intervention stopped. There was no between-group difference at any time in blood micronutrients, body mass index, physical activity or risk of CHD.ConclusionsThe diet of people with schizophrenia improved when they were given free fruit and vegetables but this was not sustained after withdrawal of the intervention. A support programme added no benefit.

scholarly journals Quality of Life, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity Among Uterine Cancer Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilie L. Lin ◽  
Justin C. Brown ◽  
Saya Segal ◽  
Kathryn H. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Gynecologic Oncology Group

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the independent and joint effects of body mass index (BMI) and physical activity (PA) on overall quality of life (QoL) in survivors of uterine cancer.MethodsWe conducted a survey among uterine cancer patients who received curative therapy at the University of Pennsylvania between 2006 and 2010. Surveys assessed the weight, height, PA (college alumnus survey), and QoL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Gynecologic Oncology Group).ResultsThe response rate to the survey was 43%. Among 213 patients, the mean (SD) BMI was 31.1 (8.9) kg/m2, and 48% reported greater than or equal to 150 min·wk−1of PA. Higher BMI was independently associated with poorer overall QoL (P= 0.050), including physical (P= 0.002) and functional well-being (P= 0.008). Higher min·wk−1of PA was not independently associated with any QoL outcome. However, among patients who engaged in greater than or equal to 150 min·wk−1of PA, the negative association between BMI and overall QoL was attenuated (P= 0.558), whereas among patients who engaged in less than 150 min·wk−1of PA, the negative association between BMI and overall QoL persisted (P= 0.025). Among patients who engaged in greater than or equal to 150 min·wk−1of PA, the negative association between BMI and physical and functional well-being was attenuated (P= 0.765 andP= 0.284), whereas among patients who engaged in less than 150 min·wk−1of PA, the negative association between BMI and physical and functional well-being persisted (P< 0.001 andP= 0.010), respectively.ConclusionsBody mass index is associated with poorer QoL among uterine cancer patients. The findings from this cross-sectional study are consistent with the hypothesis that endometrial cancer survivors who are able to perform 150 min/wk of PA may be protected from the negative effects of BMI on QoL.

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetables consumption among school-going adolescents: Findings from the baseline survey of an intervention program in a semi-urban area of Dhaka, Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252297
Author(s):  
Marium Salwa ◽  
Fatima Subaita ◽  
Sohel Reza Choudhury ◽  
Md Khalequzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Behavioral Factors

Introduction Interventions aimed at promoting healthy eating habits in adolescence can help prevent chronic diseases and promote healthy ageing. The aim of this paper is to describe the fruit and vegetables consumption habits of adolescents in Dhaka, Bangladesh as well as to identify the socio-environmental, personal, and behavioral factors that influence these habits. Materials and methods The baseline data from an intervention study involving 823 grade ten students from two randomly selected secondary schools in a semi-urban area of Dhaka were analyzed. The intake of fruit and vegetables was measured in terms of serving size per day. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to assess the ability of socio-environmental factors such as social support, perceived barriers, and living with patient with chronic diseases; personal factors such as knowledge, self-rated practice, behavioral intention, and body mass index; and behavioral factors such as physical activity, sedentary hours, and sleep duration to predict the level of daily fruit and vegetables intake, after controlling the effect of demographic characteristics of adolescents. Results The average daily consumption of fruit and vegetables was 1.22 and 1.99 servings, respectively. Only one-fifth of the respondents (21%) reported eating five servings of fruit and vegetables a day. Inaccessibility at home was reported as the most perceived barrier for both fruit and vegetables intake. Adolescents’ higher fruit and vegetables intake was found to be associated with higher maternal educational attainment, more social support, adequate self-rated practice, positive behavioral intention, higher body mass index, better physical activity, and adequate daily sleeping. Conclusion The findings revealed insufficient fruit and vegetables intake among adolescents in a semi-urban area of Bangladesh and associated socio-environmental, personal, and behavioral factors that were utilized in developing an intervention program for this transient age group. Trial registration Trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03975335) https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03975335 on June 01, 2019.

Enrolling Caregivers in Obesity Interventions to Improve Obesity-Related Outcomes in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110370
Author(s):  
Hannah Bessette ◽  
MinKyoung Song ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Sydnee Stoyles ◽  
Christopher S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Obesity Interventions

In this study, we assessed the influences of change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/sedentary time (ST) of caregivers participating in a commercial weight-loss program on their children’s change in MVPA/ST. Data from 29 caregivers and their children were collected over 8 weeks. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations of changes in caregiver’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST and changes in their child’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST. For caregivers that decreased body mass index (BMI) over 8 weeks, changes in caregivers’ MVPA was strongly associated with the change in children’s MVPA (β = 2.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 4.77]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.24 [–2.16, 2.64]). Changes in caregivers’ ST was strongly associated with changes in children’s ST (β = 2.42 [1.02, 3.81]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.35 [–0.45, 1.14]). Findings reinforce encouraging caregivers to enroll in weight-loss programs for the benefit of their children as well as for themselves.

Physical activity, body mass index and arsenic metabolism among Mexican women

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 110869
Author(s):  
Brenda Gamboa-Loira ◽  
Mariano E. Cebrián ◽  
Lizbeth López-Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Arsenic Metabolism

scholarly journals Relationship between Gender, Physical Activity, Screen Time, Body Mass Index and Wellbeing in Irish Children from Social-Disadvantage

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Wesley O’Brien ◽  
Sarahjane Belton ◽  
Ben Fitzpatrick ◽  
Stephen Shannon ◽  
Deirdre Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Social Disadvantage

scholarly journals Anthropometric Variables as Mediators of the Association of Changes in Diet and Physical Activity With Inflammatory Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cárdenas-Fuentes ◽  
Camille Lassale ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
María Grau ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Inflammatory Score ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Abstract Background Mechanisms underlying the associations of high levels of physical activity (PA) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) with a better inflammatory profile remain unclear. Our objective was to assess the mediating role of changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as markers of body fat in the association of changes in PA and adherence to the MedDiet, with changes in the inflammatory profile. Method This study included 489 adults, aged 55–75 years, from the PREDIMED-Plus multicenter lifestyle intervention trial. An inflammatory score was calculated, based on 8 blood biomarkers: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 18, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, C-peptide, leptin, and regulated on activation, normal T-cell–expressed and secreted chemokine. Biomarkers, levels of PA, score of MedDiet adherence, BMI, and WC were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Linear regression models were fitted according to the Baron and Kenny framework for mediation analysis. Results Changes in BMI and WC mediated the association of both changes in PA and changes in the MedDiet adherence with the inflammatory score. Body mass index mediated 26% of the association of changes in total PA with the inflammatory profile, and 27% of the association of changes in the MedDiet, while WC mediated 13% and 12% of these associations, respectively. Conclusion In older adults at high cardiovascular risk, increasing PA levels and adherence to a MedDiet during 1 year were associated with a lower inflammatory score, which was partly mediated by a reduction in body fat. Clinical Trials Registration Number International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN89898870; registration date July 24, 2014, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Weight, and Outcomes in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer (C40502/Alliance)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A Ligibel ◽  
Luke Huebner ◽  
Hope S Rugo ◽  
Harold J Burstein ◽  
Debra L Toppmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
First Line ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Obesity and inactivity are associated with increased risk of cancer related- and overall mortality in breast cancer, but there are few data in metastatic disease. Methods CALGB 40502 was a randomized trial of first-line taxane-based chemotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Height and weight were collected at enrollment. After 299 patients enrolled, the study was amended to assess recreational physical activity (PA) at enrollment using the Nurses’ Health Study Exercise Questionnaire. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using stratified Cox modeling (strata included hormone receptor status, prior taxane, bevacizumab use, and treatment arm). Results 799 patients were enrolled and at the time of data lock, median follow-up was 60 months. At enrollment, median age was 56.7 years, 73.1% of participants had hormone receptor-positive cancers, 42.6% had obesity, and 47.6% engaged in less than 3 metabolic equivalents of task (MET)-hours of PA/week (&lt;1 hour of moderate PA). Neither baseline body mass index nor PA was statistically significantly associated with PFS or OS, although there was a marginally statistically significant increase in PFS (hazard ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79, 1.02; p = .08) and OS (hazard ratio = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.65, 1.02; p = .07) in patients who reported PA greater than 9 MET-hours/week vs 0–9 MET-hours/week. Conclusions In a trial of first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer, rates of obesity and inactivity were high. There was no statistically significant relationship between body mass index and outcomes. More information is needed regarding the relationship between PA and outcomes.

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