scholarly journals Is the prevalence of dehydration among community-dwelling older adults really low? Informing current debate over the fluid recommendation for adults aged 70+years

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jodi Dunmeyer Stookey ◽  
Carl F Pieper ◽  
Harvey Jay Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractObjectiveThe fluid recommendation for adults aged 70+ years has been criticised on the basis of a low prevalence of dehydration in community-dwelling older adults. This study explores whether the low prevalence might reflect limitations of individual dehydration indices.DesignCross-sectional data on plasma sodium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glucose and potassium were used to classify 1737 participants of the 1992 Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE) (70+ years) according to multiple dehydration indices. Associations between dehydration indices, health and functional status were evaluated.ResultsDepending on the indicator used, the prevalence of dehydration ranged from 0.5% for hypotonic hypovolaemia only (plasma tonicity <285 mOsm l−1 with orthostatic hypotension) to 60% with dehydration defined as either plasma sodium ≥145 mEq l−1, BUN/creatinine ratio ≥20, tonicity ≥295 mOsm l−1, or hypotonic hypovolaemia. Elevated tonicity and BUN/creatinine ratio were respectively associated with chronic disease and functional impairment.ConclusionsThe true prevalence of dehydration among community-dwelling adults may be low or high, depending on the indicator(s) used to define dehydration. Before we can pinpoint a generalisable prevalence of dehydration for community-dwelling seniors and draw conclusions about fluid recommendations, validation studies of dehydration indices and longitudinal studies of dehydration, health and functional status are needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dietary Comsumption in Independents Community-Dwelling Older Adults With and Without Sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Ana Luíza Gonçalves ◽  
Thiago Neves ◽  
Juliana Cristina Marchesi ◽  
Eduardo Ferriolli ◽  
Karina Pfrimer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Protein G ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Objectives To characterize and compare the food consumption of independent community-dwelling older adults with and without sarcopenia. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted with data from 50 community-dwelling older adults receiving care in secondary level of health in a city in southeastern Brazil, during 2017. The following tests were used to diagnose sarcopenia: dual X-ray absorptiometry, hand grip strength and walk speed. Data from intake was obtained by three 24-hour Multiple Pass Recall and the consumption variation was adjusted in the Multiple Source Method Program. The consumption of macronutrientes and micronutrientes was compared between the groups without sarcopenia and those with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia. The means were measures of average consumption, nutrients inadequacy and consumption ranges. The results are expressed as descriptive data, presented as media, standard deviation and absolute and relative frequency. A significance level adopted was P &lt; 0.05. Results Lowest intake of animal protein (g) was identified in men with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia (P &lt; 0.05). In women, those with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia had more intake of carbohydrate (%) and less intake of protein (g), animal protein (g) and saturated fat acids (%) (P &lt; 0.05). The vitamin D, vitamin E and calcium medium consumption was lower than the Estimated Average Requirement in all groups of the study, with high consumption inadequacy (&gt;75%) for those nutrients. Conclusions The lowest intake by the elderly with sarcopenia and the high inadequacy of important nutrients for muscle mass preservation and strength by both groups of elderly could contribute for the development of this condition. Funding Sources Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq.

scholarly journals Functional status and its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in rural Nepal: findings from a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saruna Ghimire ◽  
Grish Paudel ◽  
Sabuj Kanti Mistry ◽  
Mahmood Parvez ◽  
Binod Rayamajhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Functional Status ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background The high burden of chronic conditions, coupled with various physical, mental, and psychosocial changes that accompany the phenomenon of aging, may limit the functional ability of older adults. This study aims to assess the prevalence of poor functional status and investigate factors associated with poor functional status among community-dwelling older adults in rural communities of eastern Nepal. Methods Data on 794 older adults aged ≥ 60 years from a previous community-based cross-sectional study was used. Participants were recruited from rural municipalities of Morang and Sunsari districts of eastern Nepal using multi-stage cluster sampling. Functional status was assessed in terms of participants’ ability to perform activities of daily living using the Barthel Index. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and self-reported chronic conditions. A binary logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with poor functional status. Results The overall prevalence of poor functional status was 8.3 % (male: 7.0 % and female: 9.6 %), with most dependence noted for using stairs (17.3 %), followed by dressing (21.9 %) on Barthel Index. In the adjusted model, oldest age group (odds ratio [OR] = 2.83, 95 %CI: 1.46, 5.50), those unemployed (OR = 2.41, 95 %CI: 1.26, 4.65), having memory/concentration problems (OR = 2.32, 95 %CI: 1.30, 4.13), depressive symptoms (OR = 2.52, 95 %CI: 1.28, 4.95), and hypertension (OR = 1.78, 95 %CI: 1.03, 3.06) had almost or more than two times poor functioning. Conclusions One in 12 older adults had poor functional status as indicated by their dependency on the items of the Barthel Index; those in the oldest age bracket were more likely to exhibit poor functional status. We suggest future studies from other geographies of the country to supplement our study from the rural setting for comprehensive identification of the problem, which could guide the development of prevention strategies and comprehensive interventions for addressing the unmet needs of the older adults for improving functional status.

The Association Between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Gait Parameters in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Findings From the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Rei Ono ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: This study examined the association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and gait characteristics (e.g., speed, variability) in community-dwelling older adults. Method: This cross-sectional study included 3,901 individuals aged ≥65 years. Participants answered questions about EDS, sleep duration, and other sleep-related symptoms. Gait speed, stride length, and the variability in stride length were assessed by using a stopwatch and a WalkWay device. Results: EDS was significantly associated with slower gait speed among younger subjects (<75 years, p = .021) and with both slower gait speed ( p = .045) and greater variability in stride length among older subjects (≥75 years, p = .048) in a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, medication, number of comorbidities, and education. Discussion: EDS associates with gait ability, particularly in older old adults. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the causal association between gait ability and sleep disturbances, including EDS.

scholarly journals Do Communication Patterns Affect the Association between Cognitive Impairment and Hearing Loss among Older Adults in Vietnam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Tran Dai Tri Han ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Kaoruko Seino ◽  
Vo Nu Hong Duc ◽  
Thang Van Vo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in central Vietnam and the roles of communication (with or without communication devices) in the association between cognitive impairment and hearing loss. This cross-sectional study was performed on 725 randomly selected community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Participants attended a face-to-face survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, social interaction with or without communication devices, health status and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination were reported. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between hearing loss and cognitive function by frequency of communication with and without devices. Mild and severe cognitive impairment had prevalence rates of 23.6% and 19.3%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was more prevalent among older adults with hearing-loss, vision loss and difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment was not significant when older adults had frequent communication with others using devices. This study presented the relatively high prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Vietnam. Frequent communication using devices attenuated the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Dairy Product Intake and Long-Term Risk for Frailty among French Elderly Community Dwellers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2151
Author(s):  
Berna Rahi ◽  
Hermine Pellay ◽  
Virginie Chuy ◽  
Catherine Helmer ◽  
Cecilia Samieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Dairy products (DP) are part of a food group that may contribute to the prevention of physical frailty. We aimed to investigate DP exposure, including total DP, milk, fresh DP and cheese, and their cross-sectional and prospective associations with physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. The cross-sectional analysis was carried out on 1490 participants from the Three-City Bordeaux cohort. The 10-year frailty risk was examined in 823 initially non-frail participants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess DP exposure. Physical frailty was defined as the presence of at least 3 out of 5 criteria of the frailty phenotype: weight loss, exhaustion, slowness, weakness, and low physical activity. Among others, diet quality and protein intake were considered as confounders. The baseline mean age of participants was 74.1 y and 61% were females. Frailty prevalence and incidence were 4.2% and 18.2%, respectively. No significant associations were observed between consumption of total DP or DP sub-types and frailty prevalence or incidence (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 0.65–3.01 and OR = 1.75, 95%CI 0.42–1.32, for a total DP consumption >4 times/d, respectively). Despite the absence of beneficial associations of higher DP consumption on frailty, older adults are encouraged to follow the national recommendations regarding DP.

scholarly journals Related Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Osteosarcopenia: A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Inoue ◽  
Keisuke Maeda ◽  
Ayano Nagano ◽  
Akio Shimizu ◽  
Junko Ueshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common geriatric diseases among older adults and harm activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL). Osteosarcopenia is a unique syndrome that is a concomitant of both osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. This review aimed to summarize the related factors and clinical outcomes of osteosarcopenia to facilitate understanding, evaluation, prevention, treatment, and further research on osteosarcopenia. We searched the literature to include meta-analyses, reviews, and clinical trials. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults is significantly higher in female (up to 64.3%) compared to male (8–11%). Osteosarcopenia is a risk factor for death, fractures, and falls based on longitudinal studies. However, the associations between osteosarcopenia and many other factors have been derived based on cross-sectional studies, so the causal relationship is not clear. Few studies of osteosarcopenia in hospitals have been conducted. Osteosarcopenia is a new concept and has not yet been fully researched its relationship to clinical outcomes. Longitudinal studies and high-quality interventional studies are warranted in the future.

scholarly journals The Association Between Personality and Homebound Status in Older Adults: Results From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina E Miyawaki ◽  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Personality is associated with predictors of homebound status like frailty, incident falls, and depression. It has been rarely investigated whether personality predicts homebound status among older adults. Using the combining cross-sectional data of the Year 2013 and Year 2014 data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), this study examined the association between personality traits and homebound status in a sample of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older (N=2,788). Homebound status (non-homebound, semi-homebound, and homebound) was determined by the frequency, difficulty, and help of outdoor mobility. Personality traits, including conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and neuroticism were assessed using the 10-item Midlife Development Inventory on a rating scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (a lot). Each personality trait was included as a predictor in an ordinal logistic regression model to examine its association with homebound status after adjusting demographic and health-related covariates. The sample was on average 79±7.53 years old, non-Hispanic White (72.0%), female (58.6%), living alone (35.4%) or with spouse/partner only (37.4%). Seventy-four percent, 18%, and 8% of participants were non-homebound, semi-homebound, and homebound, respectively. Homebound participants tended to be less-educated older females. The average scores of conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extraversion, and neuroticism were 3.19±0.75, 3.57±0.56, 2.81±0.83, 3.13±0.75, and 2.22±0.86, respectively. Among these five personality traits, high conscientiousness (OR=1.34, p&lt;0.001) and extraversion (OR=1.16, p=.03) were associated with a reduced likelihood of being homebound. These findings provided a basis for potential personality assessment to identify and protect individuals with high homebound risk.

Physical Activity and its Influencing Factors in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia: A Path Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110339
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Xiuxiu Huang ◽  
Chenchen Meng ◽  
Qiaoqin Wan ◽  
Yongan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Status ◽  
Path Analysis Approach ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Dementia is prevalent in worldwide, and increases the care burden and potential costs. Physical activity (PA) has been increasingly shown to be beneficial for them. This was a cross-sectional observational study aiming to investigate the status of PA among community-dwelling older adults with dementia in Beijing or Hangzhou, China, and verify the relationships between neuropsychiatric symptoms, activities of daily living (ADL), caregivers’ fear of patients’ falling and their PA using a path analysis approach. The level of PA among 216 included people with dementia was low. PA was related to the neuropsychiatric symptoms, with ADL and caregivers’ fear of patients’ falling have mediation roles. The findings indicated that person-centered strategies related to the management of these symptoms might be helpful to improve ADL, relieve caregivers’ concerns about them falling and consequently foster positive participation in PA.

scholarly journals Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2931
Author(s):  
Ryo Komatsu ◽  
Koutatsu Nagai ◽  
Yoko Hasegawa ◽  
Kazuki Okuda ◽  
Yuto Okinaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Oral Frailty

This cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate the association between physical frailty subdomains and oral frailty. This study involved community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years). Physical frailty was assessed with the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Oral frailty was defined as limitations in at least three of six domains. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between physical frailty risk and oral frailty. In addition, we examined the association between physical frailty subdomains (gait speed, grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss) and oral frailty. A total of 380 participants were recruited for this study. Overall, 18% and 14% of the participants were at risk of physical frailty and had oral frailty, respectively. Physical frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–4.75, p = 0.012) was associated with oral frailty in multivariate analysis. In secondary analysis, among physical frailty subdomains, gait speed (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97, p = 0.019) was associated with oral frailty. The present findings suggest that physical frailty is closely related to oral frailty. Among physical frailty subdomains, decreased gait speed in particular is an important indicator related to the development of oral frailty.

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