Evaluation of Dietary Comsumption in Independents Community-Dwelling Older Adults With and Without Sarcopenia
Abstract Objectives To characterize and compare the food consumption of independent community-dwelling older adults with and without sarcopenia. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted with data from 50 community-dwelling older adults receiving care in secondary level of health in a city in southeastern Brazil, during 2017. The following tests were used to diagnose sarcopenia: dual X-ray absorptiometry, hand grip strength and walk speed. Data from intake was obtained by three 24-hour Multiple Pass Recall and the consumption variation was adjusted in the Multiple Source Method Program. The consumption of macronutrientes and micronutrientes was compared between the groups without sarcopenia and those with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia. The means were measures of average consumption, nutrients inadequacy and consumption ranges. The results are expressed as descriptive data, presented as media, standard deviation and absolute and relative frequency. A significance level adopted was P < 0.05. Results Lowest intake of animal protein (g) was identified in men with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia (P < 0.05). In women, those with pre-sarcopenia/sarcopenia had more intake of carbohydrate (%) and less intake of protein (g), animal protein (g) and saturated fat acids (%) (P < 0.05). The vitamin D, vitamin E and calcium medium consumption was lower than the Estimated Average Requirement in all groups of the study, with high consumption inadequacy (>75%) for those nutrients. Conclusions The lowest intake by the elderly with sarcopenia and the high inadequacy of important nutrients for muscle mass preservation and strength by both groups of elderly could contribute for the development of this condition. Funding Sources Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq.