Influence Of Organic Modifiers On The Retention Characteristics Of Graphitized Carbon Column

In the previous paper, the author reported on a technique for preparing vapor-deposited single crystal films as high resolution standards for electron microscopy. The present paper is intended to describe the preparation of several high resolution standards for dark field microscopy and also to mention some results obtained from these studies. Three preparations were used initially: 1.) Graphitized carbon black, 2.) Epitaxially grown particles of different metals prepared by vapor deposition, and 3.) Particles grown epitaxially on the edge of micro-holes formed in a gold single crystal film.The authors successfully obtained dark field micrographs demonstrating the 3.4Å lattice spacing of graphitized carbon black and the Au single crystal (111) lattice of 2.35Å. The latter spacing is especially suitable for dark field imaging because of its preparation, as in 3.), above. After the deposited film of Au (001) orientation is prepared at 400°C the substrate temperature is raised, resulting in the formation of many square micro-holes caused by partial evaporation of the Au film.

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Direct Observation of Crystalline Ordering In Naturally Graphitized Carbon Produced by Low Grade Metamorphism

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100078377 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 162-163

Author(s):

Thomas R. McKee ◽

Peter R. Buseck

Keyword(s):

Crystallite Size ◽

Sedimentary Rocks ◽

Carbonaceous Material ◽

Low Grade ◽

X Ray ◽

Graphitized Carbon ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Commercial Carbon ◽

Metamorphic Zone

Sediments commonly contain organic material which appears as refractory carbonaceous material in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Grew and others have shown that relative carbon content, crystallite size, X-ray crystallinity and development of well-ordered graphite crystal structure of the carbonaceous material increases with increasing metamorphic grade. The graphitization process is irreversible and appears to be continous from the amorphous to the completely graphitized stage. The most dramatic chemical and crystallographic changes take place within the chlorite metamorphic zone.The detailed X-ray investigation of crystallite size and crystalline ordering is complex and can best be investigated by other means such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The natural graphitization series is similar to that for heat-treated commercial carbon blacks, which have been successfully studied by HRTEM (Ban and others).

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Simulation of Retention Characteristics in Double-Gate Structure Multi-Bit SONOS Flash Memory

IEICE Transactions on Electronics ◽

10.1587/transele.e92.c.659 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol E92-C (5) ◽

pp. 659-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Doo-Hyun KIM ◽

Il Han PARK ◽

Seongjae CHO ◽

Jong Duk LEE ◽

Hyungcheol SHIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flash Memory ◽

Double Gate ◽

Gate Structure ◽

Retention Characteristics

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Analysis of Retention Time Degradation Caused by Electrostatic Potential Variation between Adjacent Bit-Line and Adjacent Contact Node in DRAM

ISTFA 2016: Conference Proceedings from the 42nd International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2016p0091 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jungil Mok ◽

Byungki Kang ◽

Daesun Kim ◽

Hongsun Hwang ◽

Sangjae Rhee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Electrostatic Potential ◽

Critical Dimension ◽

Data Retention ◽

Signal Line ◽

Adjacent Node ◽

Storage Node ◽

Retention Characteristics ◽

Node Voltage ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Systematic retention failure related on the adjacent electrostatic potential is studied with sub 20nm DRAM. Unlike traditional retention failures which are caused by gate induced drain leakage or junction leakage, this failure is influenced by the combination of adjacent signal line and adjacent contact node voltage. As the critical dimension between adjacent active and the adjacent signal line and contact node is scaled down, the effect of electric field caused by adjacent node on storage node is increased gradually. In this paper, we will show that the relationship between the combination electric field of adjacent nodes and the data retention characteristics and we will demonstrate the mechanism based on the electrical analysis and 3D TCAD simulation simultaneously.

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Preparation and performance evaluation of chromatographic column precoated with graphitized carbon black

Chinese Journal of Chromatography ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1123.2016.10051 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Zhonglai WANG ◽

Enlin SHI ◽

Xiaohai FU ◽

Junling ZENG ◽

Farong YU

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Chromatographic Column ◽

Graphitized Carbon ◽

And Performance

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Nutrient-Use Patterns in Nursery Crops

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.557a ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 557a-557

Author(s):

Mary Ann Rose ◽

Barbara Biernacka

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Retention ◽

The United States ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Woody Ornamentals ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Nutrient Demand ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Fertilizer Recommendations ◽

Retention Characteristics ◽

Practical Constraints

Long-standing fertilizer recommendations for field-grown nursery and landscape ornamentals are based on maximizing growth, not nutrient efficiency. Further, these recommendations fall short because of failure to consider 1) the extent of crop nutrient removal, 2) varying nutrient retention characteristics of soils across the United States, and 3) a body of research that suggests that woody ornamentals have a limited response to fertilization under most soil conditions. Concern for the environmental impact of fertilization justifies a reevaluation of current nursery fertilization practices, as well a discussion of the practical constraints on the adoption of new approaches, e.g., nutrient demand-driven fertilization. Research on the nutrient use patterns of woody plants will be reviewed with emphasis on implications for increasing fertilization efficiency. OSU research on water availability and nutrient-use interactions also will be presented.

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