Integrating design problems in mathematics curriculum: an architecture college case study

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor M. Verner ◽  
Sarah Maor
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Design Problems

scholarly journals A Unique Transdisciplinary Engineering-Based Integrated Approach for the Design of Temporary Refugee Housing Using Kano, HOQ/QFD, TRIZ, AD, ISM and DSM Tools

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Daniel Moran ◽  
Atila Ertas ◽  
Utku Gulbulak
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Function Design ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Design Conflicts

The continued displacement of refugees from their homes and homelands (now greater than 50 million people worldwide) places increased focus and attention on evolving the designs of temporary housing that is available to be provided to the refugee population, especially in rural areas where housing does not already exist and must be constructed in very little time. Complex engineering problems involving social issues, such as this case study, benefit from the use of Integrated Transdisciplinary (TD) Tools (ITDT) to effectively and efficiently address the design questions related to them. The integrated use of TD Tools such as Kano Analysis, KJ Diagrams, Critical to Quality (CTQ), House of Quality (HOQ)/Quality Function Design (QFD), Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), Axiomatic Design (AD), Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), and Design Structure Matrix (DSM) through an end-to-end unique design process leads to innovation and elimination of design conflicts for especially complicated design problems. The objective of this study is to examine the design of temporary refugee housing using integrated TD tools mentioned above. This research concludes that the use of the ITDT approach provides an innovative, decoupled design.

Case Study Research Using Senior Design Projects: An Example Application

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. A. Maier ◽  
Timothy Troy ◽  
P. Jud Johnston ◽  
Vedik Bobba ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Senior Design ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Practical Conclusion

Case study research in engineering design, while not as formalized and accepted as in the social sciences, is growing in popularity because of its ability to yield significant insights into how designers interact with design problems, processes, artifacts, and each other. A wealth of evidence for use in case studies exists in the form of undergraduate senior design courses, which produce documentation related to the design of new artifacts every academic semester. The resulting documentation can be effectively mined to test hypotheses about design processes and designer behaviors. In this paper, we offer an example application of how to apply case study research to a completed senior design project in order to test a theory for how designers, users, and artifacts behave as a complex adaptive system. The evidence from the case study supports the descriptive power of the theoretical framework and supports the practical conclusion that effective communication between designers and users is particularly important and should be strengthened to foster overall project success, especially during the problem definition stage of design.

scholarly journals Design Method to Structure Orthosis Design: Camptocormia Postural Brace Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Duarte ◽  
Jean-Pierre Nadeau ◽  
Antonio Ramos ◽  
Michel Mesnard
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Upright Posture ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Class 1

The orthosis is considered a class 1 medical device which often originates from a nonstructured development process. As these devices are mainly developed by small- and medium-sized enterprises, with no standard research method, the result can be an unadapted device which may not respond to the user’s needs and which in the short term may be abandoned. One way to solve this problem is to define and apply standard rules and procedures throughout the development/design process. Although methodologies may solve the “empiricism” in orthosis design problems, these design strategies are not applied during orthosis development due to the particularities of this field and the difficulties in linking the required knowledge and the actors that may be present during the orthosis development. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology to structure the orthosis design process that takes into account both the device life cycle and the different stakeholders involved in the design process. A case study was used to validate the proposed methodology. It was applied to the development of an orthosis to treat a specific postural disorder called camptocormia, also known as bent spine syndrome. This disorder is characterized by the anteroflexion of the trunk and especially affects elderly people. Contrary to scoliosis, the characteristics of camptocormia are not permanent, which means that the patient is able to straighten his posture. A postural brace is used to treat this disorder which enables the patient to redress and maintain the correct upright posture of the trunk.

A User-Oriented Approach to Designing a Neck Support

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
A. Shekar ◽  
R. J. Billington ◽  
T. Joe
Keyword(s):  
Idea Generation ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Oriented Approach

AT A GLANCE: In this article, we explore the development of a neck support for clients in salons and discuss the user-oriented approach and testing procedures. The current U-shaped neck supports in hair salons are too small to fit larger necks, do not provide cushioning, and exert uncomfortable pressure on the neck. We examined existing design problems, then created and evaluated new design concepts. This process involved the application of idea generation techniques, screening, evaluation, testing, and further design modifications. The key message from this case study is that user testing provides valuable information and confidence in the early design decisions that need to be made for successful consumer products.

Using Neuro-Fuzzy Technique to Classify and Predict Electrical Engineering Students’ Achievement Upon Graduation Based on Mathematics Competency

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usamah Bin Mat ◽  
Norlida Buniyamin
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Mathematics Curriculum ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
University Management ◽  
Key Performance Index ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
And Mathematics

<p>This paper discusses the findings of a case study that uses neuro-fuzzy tool to classify and predict Electrical engineering students graduation achievement based on mathematics competency. In this study, achievement upon graduation and mathematics grades were classified as the key performance index. It's based on longitudinal progress and cross validation model on two mathematics subjects, semesters’ performance, and graduation achievement of electrical students. The outcomes indicated that there is a correlation between mathematics competency with electrical engineering performance, and it’s interesting to note that weak and satisfactory students in mathematics are not able to achieve first class upon graduation, and yet there is small percentage of excellent and good students in mathematics couldn’t graduate with high achievement. The findings conclude that the combination of statistical analysis and machine learning can help us to extract knowledge and enable university management to help low achievers at early stage. It’s hoped that the findings can help faculty management to review mathematics curriculum with respect to increasing range of engineering field.</p>

An Approach to Improved Decentralized Design: The Modified Approximation-Based Decentralized Design (MADD) Framework

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin P. Gurnani ◽  
Kemper Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Decentralized Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rational Reaction Set

The design of large scale complex engineering systems requires interaction and communication between multiple disciplines and decentralized subsystems. One common fundamental assumption in decentralized design is that the individual subsystems only exchange design variable information and do not share objective functions or gradients. This is because the decentralized subsystems can either not share this information due to geographical constraints or choose not to share it due to corporate secrecy issues. Game theory has been used to model the interactions between distributed design subsystems and predict convergence and equilibrium solutions. These game theoretic models assume that designers make perfectly rational decisions by selecting solutions from their Rational Reaction Set (RRS), resulting in a Nash Equilibrium solution. However, empirical studies reject the claim that decision makers always make rational choices and the concept of Bounded Rationality is used to explain such behavior. In this paper, a framework is proposed that uses the idea of bounded rationality in conjunction with set-based design, metamodeling and multiobjective optimization techniques to improve solutions for convergent decentralized design problems. Through the use of this framework, entitled Modified Approximation-based Decentralized Design (MADD) framework, convergent decentralized design problems converge to solutions that are superior to the Nash equilibrium. A two subsystem mathematical problem is used as case study and simulation techniques are used to study the impact of the framework parameters on the final solution. The discipline specific objective functions within the case study problem are unconstrained and continuous — however, the implementation of the MADD framework is not restricted to such problems.

Objective Reduction Using Axiomatic Design and Product-Related Dependencies: A Layout Synthesis of an Autonomous Greenhouse Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann-Seing Law-Kam Cio ◽  
Yuanchao Ma ◽  
Aurelian Vadean ◽  
Giovanni Beltrame ◽  
Sofiane Achiche
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Objective Reduction ◽  
Layout Synthesis ◽  
Design Perspective

Abstract Many-objective optimization problem (MaOP) is defined as optimization with more than 3 objective functions. This high number of objectives makes the comparing solutions more challenging. This holds true for design problems which are MaOPs by nature due to the inherent complexity and multifaceted nature of real-life applications. In the last decades, many strategies have attempted to overcome MaOPs such as removing objectives based on their impact on the optimization. However, from a design perspective, removing objectives could lead to an under optimal, unfeasible or unreliable design. Consequently, objective aggregation seems to be a better approach since objectives can be grouped based on design features controlled by the designers. The proposed methodology uses Axiomatic Design to decompose a system into subsystems or components, and Product-Related Dependencies Management to identify the dependencies between components and formulate the objectives. Then, these objectives are aggregated based on the subsystems found with the Axiomatic Design. The methodology, applied to the layout synthesis of an autonomous greenhouse, can trim down the number of objectives from 15 to 5. Then, using a modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) combined with the objective aggregation, we were able to increase the number of “good” concepts found from 9 to 33 out of a total of 50 obtained designs.

Design Concept Generation: A Hierarchical Coevolutionary Approach

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Function Structures

As design problems become more complex and design lead time more pressing, designers need effective support tools to expand their design space exploration. In this paper, a hierarchical coevolutionary approach is proposed to support designers by automatically generating design concepts based on the designers’ inputs. The approach adopts a zigzag design process in which function structures and their corresponding solution principles coevolve in parallel across different levels of an abstraction hierarchy. A grammar-based approach is applied to decompose higher-level functions and generate an initial population of function structures. From this initial population, a coevolutionary algorithm is devised to coevolve more function structures and their corresponding solution principles. A case study of designing a mechanical personal transporter is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and features of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Creating an mHealth App for Colorectal Cancer Screening: User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Griffin ◽  
Donghee Lee ◽  
Alyssa Jaisle ◽  
Peter Carek ◽  
Thomas George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Disciplinary Expertise ◽  
User Centered

BACKGROUND Patients are increasingly using mobile health (mHealth) apps to monitor their health and educate themselves about medical issues. Despite the increasing popularity of such apps, poor design and usability often lead to suboptimal continued use of these apps and subsequently to poor adherence to the behavior changes at which they are aimed. One solution to these design problems is for app developers to use user-centered design (UCD) principles to consider the context and needs of users during the development process. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to present a case study on the design and development process for an mHealth app that uses virtual human technology (VHT) to encourage colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among patients aged 50 years and above. METHODS We have first provided an overview of the project and discussed its utilization of VHT. We have then reviewed UCD principles and how they can be incorporated into the development of health apps. We have described how we used UCD processes during the app’s development. We have then discussed the unique roles played by communication researchers, computer scientists, clinicians, and community participants in creating an mHealth app that is credible, usable, effective, and accessible to its target audience. RESULTS The principles of UCD were woven throughout the project development, with researchers collecting feedback from patients and providers at all stages and using that feedback to improve the credibility, usability, effectiveness, and accessibility of the mHealth app. The app was designed in an iterative process, which encouraged feedback and improvement of the app and allowed teams from different fields to revisit topics and troubleshoot problems. CONCLUSIONS Implementing a UCD process contributed to the development of an app, which not only reflected cross-disciplinary expertise but also the needs, wants, and concerns of patients.

Problem Discovery With Many-Objective Visual Analytics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Woodruff ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Design Problem ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Default State ◽  
State Of Affairs

Problem discovery is messy. It involves many mistakes, which may be regarded as a failure to address a design problem correctly. Mistakes, however, are inevitable, and misunderstanding the problems we are working on is the natural, default state of affairs. Only through engaging in a series of mistakes can we learn important things about our design problems. This study provides a case study in Many-Objective Visual Analytics (MOVA), as applied to the problem of problem discovery. It demonstrates the process of continually correcting and improving a problem formulation while visualizing its optimization results. This process produces a new, clearer understanding of the problem and puts the designer in a position to proceed with more-detailed design decisions.

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