Ameliorative effects of nutritional minerals on lead-induced hematological alterations in male Wistar albino rats

The suspensions of alcoholic extract of root bark of the plant Calotropis gigantea in 0.6% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in Wistar albino rats by inducing hepatic injury with D-galactosamine (400 mg/kg). Alcoholic extract of root bark of the plant Calotropis gigantea at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg exhibited a significant (P<0.001, P<0.01 and P<0.05) protection effect by normalizing the levels of aspartate amino transferase (ASAT/ GOT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT/GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which were significantly (P<0.001) increased in rats by treatment with 400 mg/kg i.p. of D-galactosamine. Silymarin (25 mg/kg), a known hepatoprotective drug used for comparison exhibited significant activity (P<0.001).

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Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research ◽

10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.19:217-221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 217-221

Author(s):

Maria Jesús Lisbona-González ◽

Candela Reyes-Botella ◽

Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽

Maria Victoria Olmedo-Gaya, ◽

Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Composition ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Endocrine Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Esterified Fatty Acids ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.

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Renal Alterations Induced by Chronic Exposure to Therapeutic Doses of Antihypercholestremic Atorvastatin

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530321666210106105059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Amin Al-Doaiss ◽

Yazun Jarrar ◽

Ali Shati ◽

Mohammad Alfaifi ◽

Mohammed Al-Kahtani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Albino Rats ◽

Blood Capillary ◽

Renal Cells ◽

Ultrastructural Alterations ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Basement Membrane Thickening ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Myelin Figure ◽

Therapeutic Doses ◽

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Background: Atorvastatin (ATOR) is widely used for the treatment and prevention of hypercholesterolemia and various diseases, such as cardiovascular complication, with little data about the histopathological and ultrastructural renal alterations that might be induced by this drug. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to investigate the potential toxicity of therapeutic doses of atorvastatin on the microanatomy and ultrastructure of renal tissues from Wistar albino rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats received an oral daily dose of 5 mg/kg body weight for 90 consecutive days. Biopsies from both kidneys of each study rat were taken for histopathological and ultrastructural examination. Results: ATOR-treated rats exhibited glomerular, tubular, and interstitial histological alterations, including degeneration, necrosis, hyaline droplets, edema, cortical hemorrhages, mesangial hypercellularity, and blood capillary dilation and congestion. In addition, ATOR exposure increased the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase with a concurrent reduction in proteins and neutral mucosubstances content of the glomeruli and renal cells. Moreover, ATOR-treated animals demonstrated glomerular ultrastructural alterations, consisting mainly of capillary tuft dilatation, glomerular basement membrane thickening, and mesangial cell proliferation. The renal cells of the proximal tubules demonstrated damaged mitochondria, degenerative cellular changes, endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, lysosomal and autophagosome activation, nuclear alteration, myelin figure formation, and microvilli disorganization. Conclusion: The findings of the present work may indicate that ATOR can induce renal histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural alterations that may affect kidney and other vital organ function.

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Acute Toxicity Assessment of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum L. on Wistar Albino Rats

Toxicology International ◽

10.22506/ti/2017/v24/i1/149029 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Priyanga ◽

S. Hemmalakshmi ◽

B. Vidya ◽

P. Chella Perumal ◽

V. K. Gopalakrishnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Toxicity Assessment ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract

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Hemostatic Activity of Cistus creticus Extract in Wistar Albino Rats

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ◽

10.1007/s43450-020-00120-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayşe Esra Karadağ ◽

Ayşegül Çaşkurlu ◽

Mehmet Evren Okur ◽

Etil Guzelmeric ◽

Neslihan Üstündağ Okur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Albino Rats ◽

Hemostatic Activity ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Cistus Creticus

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The effect of baicalein on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy on liver damage

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/09603271211003634 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096032712110036

Author(s):

MC Üstüner ◽

C Tanrikut ◽

D Üstüner ◽

UK Kolaç ◽

Z Özdemir Köroğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Transcription Factor ◽

Er Stress ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Activating Transcription Factor 4 ◽

Activating Transcription Factor ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a toxic chemical that causes liver injury. CCl4 triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR triggers autophagy to deal with the damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baicalein, derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, on CCl4-induced liver damage concerning ER stress and autophagy. Two groups of Wistar albino rats (n = 7/groups) were treated with 0.2 ml/kg CCl4 for 10 days with and without baicalein. Histological and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, autophagy, and ER stress markers measurements were carried out to evaluate the effect of baicalein. Histological examinations showed that baicalein reduced liver damage. TEM analysis indicated that baicalein inhibited ER stress and triggered autophagy. CCl4-induced elevation of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), pancreatic ER kinase (PERK), and active/spliced form of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s) ER stress markers were decreased by baicalein. Baicalein also increased the autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), Beclin1, and Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3-phosphatidylethanolamine-conjugated form (LC3-II) autophagy marker levels. In conclusion, baicalein reduced the CCl4-induced liver damage by inhibiting ER stress and the trigger of autophagy.

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Four Weeks of Aerobic Training Affects Cardiac Tissue Matrix Metalloproteinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Malate Dehydrogenase Enzymes Activities, and Hepatorenal Biomarkers in Experimental Hyperhomocysteinemia in Rats

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22136792 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 6792

Author(s):

Dusan Todorovic ◽

Marija Stojanovic ◽

Ana Medic ◽

Kristina Gopcevic ◽

Slavica Mutavdzin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Malate Dehydrogenase ◽

Subcutaneous Injection ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

And Control ◽

Tissue Matrix ◽

Increased Activity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the application of homocysteine as well as its effect under the condition of aerobic physical activity on the activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in cardiac tissue and on hepato-renal biochemical parameters in sera of rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 10, per group): C: 0.9% NaCl 0.2 mL/day subcutaneous injection (s.c.); H: homocysteine 0.45 µmol/g b.w./day s.c.; CPA saline (0.9% NaCl 0.2 mL/day s.c.) and a program of physical activity on a treadmill; and HPA homocysteine (0.45 µmol/g b.w./day s.c.) and a program of physical activity on a treadmill. Subcutaneous injection of substances was applied 2 times a day at intervals of 8 h during the first two weeks of experimental protocol. Hcy level in serum was significantly higher in the HPA group compared to the CPA group (p < 0.05). Levels of glucose, proteins, albumin, and hepatorenal biomarkers were higher in active groups compared with the sedentary group. It was demonstrated that the increased activities of LDH (mainly caused by higher activity of isoform LDH2) and mMDH were found under the condition of homocysteine-treated rats plus aerobic physical activity. Independent application of homocysteine did not lead to these changes. Physical activity leads to activation of MMP-2 isoform and to increased activity of MMP-9 isoform in both homocysteine-treated and control rats.

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