Control Judgements across the Lifespan

Given the inconsistent findings in the literature, we examined age-cohort differences in various personal control judgements over the lifespan ( N = 1623; ages 14-85). For three distinct life domains (personal, social, and societal), participants rated their amount of personal control, the goal importance, the degree of control striving, and, in comparison with same-aged peers, their relative control in each domain. Within this broad lifespan range, the developmental trends showed, as expected, different trajectories depending upon the type of control dimension and the nature of the life domain. The differential nature of these age-cohort trends have important implications for understanding the inconsistent findings reported in the literature, namely, that depending on the nature of the life domain, the type of control dimension, and the age range tested, the trajectories can either increase, decrease, or remain stable. These trends are discussed with reference to various metatheoretical perspectives on lifespan development and control-related judgements.

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Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.224937 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

R. S. Oliveira ◽

K. B. A. Pimentel ◽

M. L. Moura ◽

C. F. Aragão ◽

A. S. Guimarães-e-Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Disease Occurrence ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.

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Age Cohort Differences and Depressive Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Older Americans

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.199 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 61-61

Author(s):

Ethan Siu Leung Cheung ◽

Ada Mui

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Short Form ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Older Americans ◽

Age Cohorts ◽

Cohort Differences ◽

Age Cohort

Abstract This study uses Wave 3 National Social Life, Health and Aging Project to examine the correlation between age cohorts [60s (n=1204); 70s (n=1176); 80 and older (n= 724)], cognitive status, and depression symptoms. In the total sample, 53.90% were females, 76.15% Whites, 15.29% Blacks, and 8.56% Asians. Compared to the 60s and 70s cohorts, 80+ cohort was cognitively more impaired [Mean (SD) of MoCA Short Form were 10.7(2.9), 10.0(3.2), and 8.1(3.6)]. There were no age cohorts’ differences in depressive symptoms experienced (Mean of CESD Short Form = 21.03; SD = 4.06). In order to identify predictors of depression, multiple hierarchical regressions were performed. The 60s sample was the reference group to compare with 70s and 80s cohorts. Results showed that age cohort variables had a significant independent effect as well as a joint effect with cognitive status in explaining depression scores. For each age cohort group, parallel regression analyses were conducted and all models were significant. Findings suggest that ADL impairment was the only common predictor for depressive symptoms for the three cohort groups, and the association was the strongest for the 60s cohort (b = .31). Other unique predictors for 60s cohort were lower-income, more IADLs impairment, higher stress and cognitive impairment. For the 70s cohort, unique predictors of depressive symptoms were female gender, unmarried, and less socialization. For the 80 and above group, correlates of depression are female, White, and high stress level. Findings highlight the necessity of age-sensitive programs on depression support for community-dwelling older Americans.

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The Effect of a Food Addiction Explanation Model for Weight Control and Obesity on Weight Stigma

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020294 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 294 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kerry S. O’Brien ◽

Rebecca M. Puhl ◽

Janet D. Latner ◽

Dermot Lynott ◽

Jessica D. Reid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Control ◽

Food Addiction ◽

Public Support ◽

Personal Control ◽

Weight Stigma ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Group ◽

Significant Group Difference ◽

Diet And Exercise ◽

And Control

There is increasing scientific and public support for the notion that some foods may be addictive, and that poor weight control and obesity may, for some people, stem from having a food addiction. However, it remains unclear how a food addiction model (FAM) explanation for obesity and weight control will affect weight stigma. In two experiments (N = 530 and N = 690), we tested the effect of a food addiction explanation for obesity and weight control on weight stigma. In Experiment 1, participants who received a FAM explanation for weight control and obesity reported lower weight stigma scores (e.g., less dislike of ‘fat people’, and lower personal willpower blame) than those receiving an explanation emphasizing diet and exercise (F(4,525) = 7.675, p = 0.006; and F(4,525) = 5.393, p = 0.021, respectively). In Experiment 2, there was a significant group difference for the dislike of ‘fat people’ stigma measure (F(5,684) = 5.157, p = 0.006), but not for personal willpower weight stigma (F(5,684) = 0.217, p = 0.81). Participants receiving the diet and exercise explanation had greater dislike of ‘fat people’ than those in the FAM explanation and control group (p values < 0.05), with no difference between the FAM and control groups (p > 0.05). The FAM explanation for weight control and obesity did not increase weight stigma and resulted in lower stigma than the diet and exercise explanation that attributes obesity to personal control. The results highlight the importance of health messaging about the causes of obesity and the need for communications that do not exacerbate weight stigma.

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Age Cohort Differences in the Nonmedical Use of Prescription Zolpidem: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample

Addictive Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.04.018 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (9) ◽

pp. 1311-1317 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ty S. Schepis

Keyword(s):

Representative Sample ◽

Cohort Differences ◽

Nonmedical Use ◽

Age Cohort ◽

Nationally Representative

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FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL LOCUS OF CONTROL

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.1990.18.2.197 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 197-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anton De Man ◽

Vincent Hall ◽

Dale Stout

Keyword(s):

Locus Of Control ◽

Family Environment ◽

Partial Correlation ◽

Personal Control ◽

Correlation Analyses ◽

Environment Variables ◽

And Control

Sixty-seven women and thirty-six men participated in a study of the relationships between selected family environment variables and Levenson's dimensions of locus of control (Personal Control, Powerful Others, Chance). Results indicated significant bivariate and semipartial associations between perceived family nurture and Personal Control. Significant bivariate correlations were found between Powerful Others and the respective measures of perceived family nurture and control. The latter associations were not maintained in subsequent semi-partial correlation analyses. No significant findings were obtained for the Chance dimension. Sex of subject did not appear to be of importance in the various relationships.

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Mammary Tumors in a Colony of Beagle Dogs

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098588602300613 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 741-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

J. E. Moulton ◽

L. S. Rosenblatt ◽

M. Goldman

Keyword(s):

Morphological Type ◽

Control Group ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Control Groups ◽

First Occurrence ◽

Closed Colony ◽

Benign Mixed Tumor ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control ◽

Mixed Tumors

In a lifetime study, female beagle dogs in a closed colony were administered 226radium and 90strontium. An unirradiated control group was included in the study. A total of 223 of 356 dogs at risk developed 1,112 mammary proliferative growths (hyperplastic nodules and neoplasms). There was no correlation between occurrence and types of lesions in radiation and control groups. The age range for first occurrence of lesions was 10.4 to 13.9 years; hyperplastic nodule and benign mixed tumor occurred 1 to 2 years earlier than other lesions. A multiplicity of growths of similar or different morphological type were common throughout the lifetime of the dog. The female beagles, collectively, developed 244 hyperplastic nodules, 78 adenomas, 694 benign mixed tumors, 78 carcinomas, 14 malignant mixed tumors, and four myoepitheliomas. Proliferations occurred with increasing frequency from the cranial to caudal mammary glands. Metastasis was found in 77% of the dogs with carcinoma. The median time from diagnosis to metastasis was 10 months, but was shorter in dogs with infiltrative carcinoma.

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Haemofiltration in the Management of Severe Paediatric Burns – Experience in a UK Burns Centre and Systematic Review

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/irab181 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Rice ◽

Ibrahim Ibrahim ◽

Mohamed Ismail Aly

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Acidosis ◽

Acute Injury ◽

Secondary Complications ◽

Paediatric Burns ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control ◽

Renal Support

Abstract Paediatric burns are life-threatening injuries due to the acute injury and secondary complications. In acute phase burns, hypovolaemia and vasoconstriction cause renal impairment. Sepsis and multi-organ failure compound the problem resulting in morbidity and mortality. This paper outlines 5 years’ experience using haemofiltration in major paediatric burns, and a review of the current literature.Retrospective patient data collection was undertaken identifying relevant paediatric burns undergoing Continuous Veno-Venous Haemofiltration. Data were analysed to identify demographics, indication, duration of therapy, and outcomes. A systematic review was also performed using PRISMA principles. PubMed, Science Direct and OVID databases were explored and relevant papers were included.From January 2015-December 2019, haemofiltration was utilised in 5 cases. Age range 3-15 years (mean: 12), 4 males / 1 female, mean weight 56kg (12-125kg). TBSA 21-61% (mean: 37.6%), mechanism of injury was scald-60%, flame-40%. Overall survival was 100%. 3 patients were filtered for a brief period during the first 24 hours to correct metabolic acidosis and control temperature. 2 patients required prolonged therapy. All patients recovered without further long term renal support. A total of 3814 papers were identified for systematic review. 3 were considered relevant for inclusion.This paper reflects the benefits of haemofiltration in the management of severe paediatric burns. Renal replacement therapy is useful in managing metabolic acidosis, temperature control and renal failure. The current literature supports judicious use on a patient-by-patient basis. Given the lack of evidence in the literature, further studies are required to establish guidelines for the use of haemofiltration in paediatric burns.

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Awareness Among Undergraduate Students of Mangalore City Regarding Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Questionnaire Study

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2020.204 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deeksha Das ◽

Ramya Shenoy ◽

Megha Mukherjee ◽

Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽

Nikita Rungta

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Questionnaire Study ◽

Public Places ◽

Study Population ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Imminent Threat ◽

Study Participants ◽

Age Range ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Objectives: COVID-19 outbreak has surfaced as an imminent threat for the public health. Because India is a populous country, it is important for Indians to be aware of the basic modes of prevention that can diminish the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Aim: The present questionnaire study was carried out among the undergraduate students to assess the awareness regarding the spread and control of COVID-19. Methods: The questionnaire was circulated among the undergraduate students as a Google form. Results: The study included responses of 868 undergraduate students belonging to 2 university colleges. The majority of the participants were females (63%; n = 547) in the age range of 18-23 y. Approximately 98.3% (853) had awareness regarding COVID-19. Approximately 94.7% (822) were washing their hands after visiting public places, out of which only 90.6% (786) were aware of proper steps to be followed in hand washing. It was concluded that it is required to create awareness among 20.8% (181) of our study participants regarding the importance of hand washing to control COVID-19. Conclusions: Awareness regarding COVID-19 among study participants was good. However, a small part of the study population is required to be educated on proper steps to be followed in hand washing.

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Correlation between stability and energy variations in control strategies for mobile base robot with manipulators subjected to external disturbances

International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems ◽

10.1177/1729881419844656 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 172988141984465

Author(s):

Changman Son

Keyword(s):

Control Strategies ◽

Control Problems ◽

Robot System ◽

External Disturbances ◽

Comprehensive Comparison ◽

Degree Of Control ◽

Robot Tasks ◽

And Control ◽

Mobile Base ◽

Load Mass

The correlation between stability and energy variations in control strategies for a mobile base robot with manipulators subjected to external disturbances is introduced. The correlation results can be used to stabilize and control problems when a mobile base robot is subjected to various types of external disturbances. This is because different robot system energy values display different stability distribution curves. Mobile base robot stability based on varying system’s energy is described. Two control strategies, computed force/torque and adaptive compensators, are applied to minimize uncertainties accompanied by the robot’s movements. The two compensators are then compared by simulating applied external disturbances, such as mobile base tipping motion and load mass changes on the robot end-effector. A comprehensive comparison with other methods is also described. The proposed technique is a useful tool in the maintenance of the degree of control and stability of the system and has various applications in the mobile robot tasks including choosing and placing operations, maneuvering around the workspace with protruding obstacles on sinuous shape paths, and manufacturing tasks.

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