Differentiating anxiety and depression: the State-Trait Anxiety-Depression Inventory

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Renner ◽  
Michael Hock ◽  
Ralf Bergner-Köther ◽  
Lothar Laux
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Anxiety Depression

scholarly journals The measure of effectiveness of a short-term 2-week intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation program in decreasing levels of anxiety and depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Floriana Caccamo ◽  
Simone Saltini ◽  
Enrico Carella ◽  
Roberto Carlon ◽  
Cristina Marogna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Subscale

Research on heart disease have found a strong and consistent evidence of association between some psychosocial risk factors, including depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, lack of social support and outcome of disease. Depression increases the risk of cardiac death and is highly predictive of reduced adherence to recommended treatments; anxiety appears to be linked to adverse cardiac outcomes. It was demonstrated that Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) leads to substantial improvements and positive outcomes because combines the prescription of physical activity with the modification of risk factors and aims to reduce symptoms related to the disease and the risk of new cardiovascular events. The main objective of this study is to determine if a short and intense CR program can produce a positive impact on anxious and depressive symptoms revealed in cardiac patients, confirming results of previous researches. The protocol was proposed to all patients referred for an outpatient CR after an acute event who attended the short 2-week intensive rehabilitation program. A total of 157 patients recruited at the operating unit of Cardiology, in the Hospital of Cittadella (Italy), was included in the analysis. The Beck Depression Inventory-II and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Y were administered to the patients. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis. T-tests for paired samples were used to evaluate differences between the beginning and the end of the CR program. There was a statistically significant difference between the beginning and the end of the CR program. Results for paired samples showed significant differences in all factors of the BDI-II and in the total score. In addition, a statistically significant difference was found even in the state - anxiety subscale. No significant difference was detected for the trait anxiety. According to recent studies, this research shows that the CR program has a significant impact on levels of anxiety and depression, because all activities focus their commitment on changing the patient’s personal beliefs and perception of illness, promoting the exchange of information and sharing of concerns and fears, increasing the patient’s resilience with the aim of enabling him/her to reorganize positively his/her personal, family and professional sphere.

The Relationship Between Communication Attitude, Anxiety, and Depression in Stutterers and Nonstutterers

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Miller ◽  
Ben C. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
General State ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
Negative Communication ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

People who stutter are frequently viewed as more anxious than nonstutterers and as being depressed. Further, a strong and pervasive stereotype is held by nonstutterers that people who stutter are guarded, nervous, and tense. This study examined self-perceptions of general state and trait anxiety, depression, and communication attitude in matched groups of stutterers and nonstutterers. Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not. Anxiety and depression are not related to self-ratings of stuttering severity. Communication attitude is negative for this group of people who stutter and becomes increasingly negative as self-ratings of stuttering become more severe. People who stutter, grouped by severity rating, differed in the strength of the relation between measures of communication attitude, anxiety, and depression. Findings suggest that the anxiety of people who stutter is restricted to their attitude towards communication situations and that it is a rational response to negative communication experiences.

scholarly journals Food Addiction Is Associated with Irrational Beliefs via Trait Anxiety and Emotional Eating

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence J. Nolan ◽  
Steve M. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Behavioral Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapies ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Irrational beliefs (IB) are believed, in cognitive behavioral therapies, to be a prime cause of psychopathologies including anxiety, depression, problem eating, and alcohol misuse. “Food addiction” (FA), which has been modeled on diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder, and emotional eating (EE) have both been implicated in the rise in overweight and obesity. Both FA and EE are associated with anxiety. Thus, in the present study, the hypothesis that IB is associated with FA and with EE was tested. Furthermore, possible mediation of these relationships by trait anxiety and depression (and EE for IB and FA) was examined. The responses of 239 adult participants to questionnaires measuring FA, IB, EE, depression, trait anxiety, and anthropometrics were recorded. The results revealed that IB was significantly positively correlated with FA and EE (and depression and trait anxiety). Furthermore, only EE mediated the effect of IB on FA and this was not moderated by BMI. Finally, trait anxiety (but not depression) mediated the effect of IB on EE. Exploratory analysis revealed a significant serial mediation such that IB predicted higher FA via elevated trait anxiety and emotional eating in that order. The results of this study suggest that IB may be a source of the anxiety that is associated with EE and FA and suggest that clinicians may find IB a target for treatment of those persons who report experiences of EE and FA. IB may play a role in food misuse that leads to elevated BMI.

The Spielberger trait anxiety inventory measures more than anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Caci ◽  
Franck J. Baylé ◽  
Christelle Dossios ◽  
Philippe Robert ◽  
Patrice Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractObjectiveResearchers tried to explain the overlap between anxiety and depression by suggesting that some items of self-administered questionnaires were badly selected and that both constructs should rather be considered as multidimensional. Thus, we hypothesise that the Spielberger trait anxiety inventory (TAI) includes items related to depression.MethodA non-clinical sample of 193 subjects filled out the TAI and the Hospitalised Anxiety–Depression Scale. Factors were postulated on the basis of item content and submitted to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsWe found five factors: a 10-item anxiety factor containing three factors, a four-item unsuccessfulness factor correlated with the HADS anhedonia factor, and a six-item happiness factor.ConclusionThe TAI scale encompasses measures of anxiety, depression and well-being. Consequently, the overlap with other measures of depression may result from item selection. This work awaits replication in independent normal and pathological samples.

Personality Correlates of Two Administrations of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Joesting ◽  
George I. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Educational Psychology ◽  
The State ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Profile Of Mood States ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Responses to two administrations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory given to four educational psychology classes correlated moderately with several sub-scales of the Profile of Mood States: Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, and Confusion-Bewilderment.

scholarly journals Association of psychological status with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in men

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Maryna Koсhuieva ◽  
Vasyl Kushnir ◽  
Ivan Hrek
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The aim. Assessment of the initial psychological status of men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and the study of its associations with the clinical course of the disease. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 men with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Patients had a dynamic complex clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination with an assessment of the psychological status according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results. The evaluating of initial psychological status in patients with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, depressive states of varying severity were found in 47.05 % of patients, moderate state anxiety – in 74.51 % of patients, moderate trait anxiety – in 35.29 %. We revealed associations of the levels of anxiety and depression with the degree of bacterial excretion and the duration of the intensive phase of therapy. Conclusions. To assess the psychological status of patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, it is advisable to use the STAI and the BDI. Patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis in 100 % of cases have psychological status disorders with a predominance of moderate state anxiety and the absence of depressive disorders in only half of them. More expressed violations of the psychological status (anxiety, depression) identifies patients who are married and have a steady job. In patients with first diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, an increase in the severity of anxiety and depression is associated with more expressed bacterial excretion, decrease in body weight, greater frequency of destruction of lung tissue, prevalence of the tuberculosis process by more than 2 lung segments, decrease in the effectiveness of standard therapy and prolongation intensive phase of treatment.

Alcohol abuse and anxiety in patients undergoing surgery / Abuso de alcohol y ansiedad en pacientes sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jesús Cardoso-Moreno ◽  
Lucía Tomás-Aragonés
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Sobre Todo

El papel de la elevada ansiedad preoperatoria está suficientemente documentado por la investigación para ser considerado con síntoma en todo proceso quirúrgico y por tanto es necesario considerar su posible influencia en los distintos pacientes y en los distintos protocolos de cirugía. Los pacientes alcohólicos suelen presentar síndromes psiquiátricos asociados, sobre todo ansiedad y depresión. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la posible relación entre ansiedad y abuso de alcohol en pacientes que se van a someter a una intervención quirúrgica. En el presente trabajo participaron de forma voluntaria 42 pacientes hospitalizados para ser intervenidos en el servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Infanta Cristina de Badajoz. Se administró el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado/Rasgo (STAI) y el Cuestionario de Personalidad MCMII-II antes de la intervención quirúrgica. Los resultados nos indican que las puntuaciones en la escala de abuso de alcohol son mayores en aquellos pacientes con un elevado grado de ansiedad. AbstractThe influence of high levels of anxiety prior to surgery has been sufficiently researched as a symptom to be considered in all surgical processes. It is necessary to observe its possible influence in patients as well as in the different surgery protocols. Alcoholics frequently suffer psychiatric syndromes, particularly anxiety and depression. The objective of this work is to examine the possible relationship between anxiety and alcohol abuse in patients that are about to undergo a surgical procedure. The study was based on the voluntary participation of 42 hospital patients awaiting surgery at the Infanta Cristina Hospital in Badajoz, Spain. They completed the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI) and the MCMII-II questionnaire before the surgical intervention took place. Results indicated that scores on the alcohol abuse scale are higher in patients with a greater degree of anxiety.

Anxiety, Depression, and a Sense of Acceptance in Female Japanese University Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1167-1173
Author(s):  
Miho Asai ◽  
Daiki Kato
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
High Group ◽  
Japanese University ◽  
Anxiety Trait ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
High Range

We examined the relationships among anxiety, depression, and a sense of acceptance (Ibasho) in a group of female Japanese undergraduate students (N = 194). The results showed that their scores for state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression differed significantly according to their Ibasho scores. In addition, multiple comparisons showed that the values for the group with a low Ibasho score were significantly higher than those for groups with Ibasho scores in the middle and high range, and that the values for the middle group were higher than those for the high group.

Anxiety, Depression and Self-Efficacy Levels of Women Undergoing First Trimester Abortion

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Faure ◽  
Helene Loxton
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Abortion ◽  
Anxiety Depression

This study examined the relationship between anxiety, depression, perceived self-efficacy and biographical variables, before and after the termination of a first trimester pregnancy. Seventy-six participants were recruited from three health facilities in the Western Cape, South Africa. Scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory and a Self-Efficacy Scale revealed that high levels of state-anxiety and moderate levels of depression were experienced before abortion. Levels of anxiety and depression generally decreased significantly within a three-week period after the abortion. High self-efficacy was related to lowerlevels of anxiety and depression. Higher levels of education and self-efficacy and low levels of depression, trait-anxiety and gestational age were significantly related to healthy short-term adjustment. It was shown that pre-abortion depression and self-efficacy scores had the power to predict post-abortion depression.

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