Study of growth in rural school children from Buenos Aires, Argentina using upper arm muscle area by height and other anthropometric dimensions of body composition

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BOLZAN ◽  
L. GUIMAREY ◽  
A.R. FRISANCHO
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
School Children ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area

scholarly journals Intake of micronutrients high in animal-source foods is associated with better growth in rural Kenyan school children

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Grillenberger ◽  
Charlotte G. Neumann ◽  
Suzanne P. Murphy ◽  
Nimrod O. Bwibo ◽  
Robert E. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
School Children ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Animal Source Foods ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Daily Intakes

Observational studies have shown that children in developing countries consuming diets containing high amounts of bioavailable nutrients, such as those found in animal-source foods, grow better. The present study investigated which specific nutrients from the diet of Kenyan school children predicted their growth. The children (n544, median age 7 years) participated in a 2-year long food supplementation study with animal-source foods. Height gain during the intervention period was positively predicted by average daily intakes of energy from animal-source foods, haem Fe, preformed vitamin A, Ca and vitamin B12. Weight gain was positively predicted by average daily intakes of energy from animal-source foods, haem Fe, preformed vitamin A, Ca and vitamin B12. Gain in mid-upper-arm muscle area was positively predicted by average daily intakes of energy from animal-source foods and vitamin B12. Gain in mid-upper-arm fat area was positively predicted by average daily intakes of energy from animal-source foods. Gain in subscapular skinfold thickness was not predicted by any of the nutrient intakes. Negative predictors of growth were total energy and nutrients that are contained in high amounts in plant foods. The study shows that growth was positively predicted by energy and nutrients that are provided in high amounts and in a bioavailable form in meat and milk, and their inclusion into the diets of children in developing countries should be part of all food-based programmes in order to improve micronutrient status and growth.

scholarly journals Upper Arm Composition as an Indicator of Body Composition and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Boys Aged 10-18 Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
Jaydip Sen ◽  
Nitish Mondal ◽  
Partha Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Standard Procedures

Introduction: The upper arm composition is usually assessed based on total upper arm area (TUA), upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA) and arm fat index (AFI). It is closely associated with assessment of body composition and nutritional status. The present study aims to determine the age specific variations in upper arm composition and its usefulness in the assessment of body composition and nutritional status among adolescent boys.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 964 boys (aged 10 – 18 years) and belonging to the indigenous Rajbanshi population of West Bengal, India. The boys were selected from five different sub-urban government secondary schools located under Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. The anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and TSF were recorded and upper arm composition was estimated based on TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI using standard procedures. The overall body composition was evaluated using body mass index (BMI).Results: There appears to be existence of significant age-specific variations in BMI, UMA and UFA as the boys approached higher ages. The age specific means of TUA, UMA and UFA increased with age. The adolescent boys were observed to be well below the 50th percentiles of the reference population in BMI, TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI. Age and sex-specific smooth percentile curves were derived for height, weight, TSF, BMI, UMA and UFA using the L, M and S modelling approach for further evaluation of body composition.Conclusion: The present study recommends the assessment of body composition and nutritional status to improve screening of nutritional status using upper arm composition, especially in community settings so as to accurately identify the risk of lower or greater adiposity and muscularity, and thereby proposing a major opportunity to improve health through proper intervention programmes.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):152-161

scholarly journals Upper arm fat and muscle in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Bagus Winandi Arundito ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Area Estimate ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Background The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is high, with particularly negative impacts on health during childhood as well as adolescence. Stunting impacts the health of children as well as adults, especially with  regards to future obesity. Therefore, evaluating body composition of stunted children before 2 years of age is necessary.Objective To compare upper arm fat and muscle measurements in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months of age.Methods We analyzed secondary data of the Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Department of Child Health, Universitas Gadjah Mada Medical School, Yogyakarta which were collected using cluster random sampling from the Yogyakarta Special Province. We compared upper arm fat area (UFA), including the upper arm fat area estimate (UFE) and the upper arm fat percentage (UFP), as well as upper arm muscle area (UMA) and upper arm muscle area estimate (UME), among stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months.Results We analyzed 2,195 children. The prevalence of stunting was 354/2,195 (16.1%). The UFA, UFE, and UFP among stunted children were significantly lower compared to non-stunted children aged 7-12 months [UFA: 4.48 vs. 5.05 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; UFE: 4.88 vs. 5.55 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; and UFP: 30.82 vs. 32.58% (P = 0.03), respectively]. The UMA in children aged 7-12 months was also significantly lower in stunted than in non-stunted children [11.31 vs. 11.79 cm2 (P = 0.02), respectively], as well as in children aged 13-24 months [11.05 vs. 11.75 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively]. In addition, the UME in children aged 13-24 months was significantly lower in stunted compared to non-stunted children [10.50 vs. 11.18 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively].Conclusion The UFA in children aged 7-12 months is smaller in stunted than in non-stunted children, whereas UMA in children aged 7-12 months and 13-24 months was smaller in stunted compared to non-stunted children.

scholarly journals Upper arm fat and muscle in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Bagus Winandi Arundito ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Area Estimate ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Background The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is high, with particularly negative impacts on health during childhood as well as adolescence. Stunting impacts the health of children as well as adults, especially with  regards to future obesity. Therefore, evaluating body composition of stunted children before 2 years of age is necessary.Objective To compare upper arm fat and muscle measurements in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months of age.Methods We analyzed secondary data of the Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Department of Child Health, Universitas Gadjah Mada Medical School, Yogyakarta which were collected using cluster random sampling from the Yogyakarta Special Province. We compared upper arm fat area (UFA), including the upper arm fat area estimate (UFE) and the upper arm fat percentage (UFP), as well as upper arm muscle area (UMA) and upper arm muscle area estimate (UME), among stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months.Results We analyzed 2,195 children. The prevalence of stunting was 354/2,195 (16.1%). The UFA, UFE, and UFP among stunted children were significantly lower compared to non-stunted children aged 7-12 months [UFA: 4.48 vs. 5.05 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; UFE: 4.88 vs. 5.55 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; and UFP: 30.82 vs. 32.58% (P = 0.03), respectively]. The UMA in children aged 7-12 months was also significantly lower in stunted than in non-stunted children [11.31 vs. 11.79 cm2 (P = 0.02), respectively], as well as in children aged 13-24 months [11.05 vs. 11.75 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively]. In addition, the UME in children aged 13-24 months was significantly lower in stunted compared to non-stunted children [10.50 vs. 11.18 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively].Conclusion The UFA in children aged 7-12 months is smaller in stunted than in non-stunted children, whereas UMA in children aged 7-12 months and 13-24 months was smaller in stunted compared to non-stunted children.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism in body composition of children in the North Backa region

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Valerija Puskas ◽  
Tatjana Pavlica ◽  
Rada Rakic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Triceps Skinfold Thickness

Introduction. Anthropometric measurements are widely used in the assessment of growth, nutritional status and body composition in children. The objective of the study was to describe growth and body composition of children using simple anthropometric measures. Material and Methods. The investigation was performed in 13 primary schools in the territory of North Backa during 2017 and at the beginning of 2018. A total of 593 schoolchildren aged 6.50 - 10.49 years (in decimals) were included in the study. The following parameters were measured: height, weight, upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness. These measurements were used to calculate the body mass index, total upper arm area, upper-arm muscle area, upper-arm fat area, and the arm fat mass percentage for each individual. Results. The study results show that children?s growth is almost linear over the first decade of life and the lean body mass increases at similar rates in boys and girls. However, girls show higher percentage of body fat and higher triceps skinfold thickness, while the body mass index is not significantly different. The secular trends in height are slowing down or have already ceased, but the weight generally continues increasing. Conclusion. Although sexual differences in anthropological measures are insignificant, the differences in body composition are evident before puberty.

scholarly journals Use of upper arm anthropometry, upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and midupper- arm-circumference (MUAC)-for-height as indicators of body composition and nutritional status among children

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampriti Debnath ◽  
Nitish Mondal ◽  
Jaydip Sen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arm Circumference

AbstractUpper arm anthropometry has a potential role to provide useful estimations of body composition and nutritional status. Aims of the present cross-sectional study were to assess body composition and nutritional status of rural school-going children using upper arm anthropometric measures such as upper arm muscle area-by-height (UAMAH) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for-height. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1281 children of West Bengal, India (boys 619, girls 662) aged 5-12 years and selected using a stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and triceps skinfold (TSF) were recorded. Body composition and nutritional status were assessed using upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA), UAMAH and MUAC-forheight. Age-sex-specific overall adiposity in TSF, UFA, arm fat index and upper-arm fat area estimates were higher among girls than boys (p<0.01), but UMA and upper-arm muscle area estimates were observed to be higher among boys than girls (p<0.05). High prevalence of undernutrition was found among both boys (53.15%) and girls (41.69%) using UAMAH (p<0.01). The overall prevalence of low MUAC-forheight was higher among boys (28.59%) than girls (25.68%) (p>0.05). Upper arm anthropometric measures, UAMAH and MUAC-for-height are useful for assessment of body composition and nutritional status among children.

scholarly journals Age and sex specific variations in body composition in Indian urban Bengali Hindu children, adolescents and young adults aged 7–21 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Saijuddin Shaikh ◽  
Rituparna Das ◽  
Rana Saha ◽  
Sukanta Das ◽  
Parasmani Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractChildhood and adolescent obesity is a public health concern worldwide. However, little attention has been paid on status of overweight and body composition of Indian Bengali urban middle and high SES population. The objective was to determine the prevalence of overweight and body composition status by age and sex in children, adolescents and young adults. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 4194 unmarried school and college students (1999 males and 2195 females) aged 7–21 years belonging to the Bengali Hindu Population in Kolkata, India. The survey period was from 1999 to 2011. Anthropometry of participants were measured. Age and sex specific ≥85 percentile of body mass index (BMI) for children (<18 years of age) and BMI ≥23 kg/m2 (≥18 years of age) for adults were used to define overweight. Fat percent, upper arm fat area (UAFA) and upper arm muscle area (UAMA) were estimated. Simple linear regression was performed to check trend of changes with age. The overall prevalence of overweight was 14.8% in both sexes. Mean fat percent was higher in females than males (23.5% vs 13.5% respectively; p<0.001) and it increased by 0.18% (0.02) in males and 0.56% (0.02) in females per year (both p<0.001). UAMA gradually increased with age in both sexes and increasing rate per year was by 2.07 (0.04) cm2 in males and 1.19 (0.04) cm2 in females (both p<0.001). However, UAFA increased by 0.41 (0.03) cm2 and 0.90 (0.03) cm2 every year in males and females respectively (both p<0.001). Sum of biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailliac skinfolds increased by 1.66 (0.06) mm and 0.5 (0.07) mm per year in females and males respectively (both p<0.001). Overall prevalence of overweight was the same in both sexes but adipose tissue was higher and muscularly was lower in females than males.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Characteristics, Body Composition and Somatotype of Elite Male Young Runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Sánchez Muñoz ◽  
José J. Muros ◽  
Óscar López Belmonte ◽  
Mikel Zabala
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Anthropometric Profile

The purpose of the present study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of elite male young runners (EYR), and to compare these variables according to the specialty in which they engaged (middle-distance vs. long-distance). This will enable an anthropometric profile chart to be established for them. Ninety EYR aged 17 to 23 years (18.4 ± 2.0) participated in the study. Athletes were divided into two groups according to the event in which they participated: middle-distance runners (MDR, n = 56) and long-distance runners (LDR, n = 34). Sixteen anthropometric variables were recorded for each participant: Weight, height, eight skinfolds, four girths, and two breadths. Body mass index (BMI), body composition and somatotype were calculated. Comparing MDR with the group of LDR, significant differences were found to exist for height, weight, relaxed upper arm girth, flexed and tensed upper arm girth, total upper arm area, upper arm muscle area, and thigh muscle area. No significant differences were observed in the other variables. MDR are taller, heavier and have larger girths than LDR. Coaches and sports scientists can use the data obtained to better control training, as well as for talent identification and athlete selection.

scholarly journals The effect of zinc supplementation on body composition and hormone levels related to adiposity among children: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 2924-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inong R Gunanti ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
Lisa Schubert ◽  
Kurt Z Long
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Total Body

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a comprehensive synthesis of the effects of Zn supplementation on childhood body composition and adiposity-related hormone levels.DesignFive electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of Zn supplementation studies published before 28 February 2015. No statistical pooling of results was carried out due to diversity in study designs.SettingCommunity- or hospital-based, from fourteen developing and developed countries.SubjectsChildren and adolescents aged 0 to 10 years.ResultsSeven of the fourteen studies reported an overall or subgroup effect of Zn supplementation on at least one parameter of body composition, when determined by anthropometric measurements (increased mid upper-arm circumference, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold and mid upper-arm muscle area, and decreased BMI). Three out of the fourteen studies reported increased mean value of total body water estimated by bio-impedance analysis and increased fat-free mass estimated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and by total body water. Zn supplementation was associated with increased fat-free mass among stunted children. One study found supplementation decreased leptin and insulin concentrations.ConclusionsDue to the use of anthropometry when determining body composition, a majority of the studies could not accurately address whether alterations in the fat and/or fat-free mass components of the body were responsible for the observed changes in body composition. The effect of Zn supplementation on body composition is not consistent but may modify fat-free mass among children with pre-existing growth failure.

THE SOMATOTYPE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF WRESTLERS FROM SİVAS, TURKEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (83) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Sercan Acar ◽  
Başak Koca Özer
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Characteristic Type ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Anthropometric Assessment ◽  
Age Category

Aim: The purpose of the present study is to assessment of the young wrestlers' somatotypes and anthropometric characters in Turkey according to the weight and age category. Basic Procedures: The study is carried out on a sample of 86 male wrestlers aged 10 to 21 years from Sivas. Various anthropometric measurements were performed (weight, height, sitting height, biceps and calf circumferences, humerus and femur width and triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and calf skinfolds thickness), anthropometric indices were calculated (upper arm muscle area, upper arm fat area, arm fat index, frame index and cormic index), and Heath-Carter somatotypes were determined. Results: The result of the present study showed that the junior wrestlers (weight=80kg) exhibited more endomorphy and mezomorphy than the schoolboys wrestlers (weight=51.12kg. The wrestlers' mean somatotypes are found to be 2.81 1.05 (endomorphy), 3.71 1.28 (mesomorphy) and 1.76 1.25 (ectomorphy). Conclusion: In conclusion, body structure and composition in the wrestlers were depended on their weight category. The junior wrestlers' characteristic type was endomorphic mesomorph, while the schoolboys wrestlers' type was mesomorph-endomorph. The wrestlers' endomorphy and indices of body composition can also be observed a considerable difference according to weight category. In addition, muscle area was found to be rising, however, fat area was decreasing.

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