New Information Technology and Organisational Decision Making

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Koopman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
New Information

‘Everywhere and nowhere’: interventions and services under austerity

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-290
Author(s):  
Stephen Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Service Users ◽  
The Public ◽  
It Systems ◽  
New Information ◽  
Access Services

This chapter explains how austerity has led to an increasingly fragmented and disparate economy and geography of welfare. These changes have affected people's ability to access services, leaving some of them isolated and excluded from activities that they previously enjoyed. The chapter then questions the use of new information technology (IT) systems and the related expansion of cybernetic relations to register, administer, manage, and target some of the most vulnerable members of society. It argues that these virtual systems emerge as a way of dealing with cases that need physical and in-depth contact in the context of austerity budgets rather than a tested way of pooling information to save lives. This argument suggests that they can also be a way to exclude service users from decision-making about their entitlement and ultimately their lives, reconfiguring the power relations between the public and the state.

Mindfully Experimenting with IT

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin S. Poston ◽  
William J. Kettinger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Stakeholder Satisfaction ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
New Information ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Benefits And Costs

In many companies the process of new Information Technology (IT) identification and assessment lacks the rigor associated with experimentation. The realities of maintaining daily operations and the expense and expertise involved distract firms from conducting experiments. The authors explore cases of how companies introduce a new IT for the business use of digital social media. Because social media technologies are new, interest in its use is broad and diffused leading organizations to be unsure about how best to implement social media, prompting organizations to follow a mindful process of experimenting with these technologies. The cases illustrate that the extent of mindfulness influences how new technology implementations are introduced, supporting wider boundaries in assessments, richer interpretations of the IT's usefulness, multi-level foci concerning benefits and costs, persistence to continue exploration, and a greater use of fact-based decision-making. The authors observe that following a mindful introduction process reaps some of the benefits of experimentation, such as greater stakeholder satisfaction and organization-wide learning and understanding of the technology's potential.

scholarly journals A New Informatics Geography

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Coiera
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Expected Utility ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Task Space ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Unanticipated Consequences

Summary Introduction: Anyone with knowledge of information systems has experienced frustration when it comes to system implementation or use. Unanticipated challenges arise frequently and unanticipated consequences may follow. Objective: Working from first principles, to understand why information technology (IT) is often challenging, identify which IT endeavors are more likely to succeed, and predict the best role that technology can play in different tasks and settings. Results: The fundamental purpose of IT is to enhance our ability to undertake tasks, supplying new information that changes what we decide and ultimately what occurs in the world. The value of this information (VOI) can be calculated at different stages of the decision-making process and will vary depending on how technology is used. We can imagine a task space that describes the relative benefits of task completion by humans or computers and that contains specific areas where humans or computers are superior. There is a third area where neither is strong and a final joint workspace where humans and computers working in partnership produce the best results. Conclusion: By understanding that information has value and that VOI can be quantified, we can make decisions about how best to support the work we do. Evaluation of the expected utility of task completion by humans or computers should allow us to decide whether solutions should depend on technology, humans, or a partnership between the two.

scholarly journals Assessment of the IT Business Competitiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3723-3729
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Special Place ◽  
New Information ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Business Competitiveness

The most modern, the so-called new information technology (IT) holds a special place among the applied technologies. The existing information technology can be formally divided into two large interconnected classes: program mathematical tools for informatization meant for designing the modern information technology and applied information technology that provides decision-making and support.

scholarly journals INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPACE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Andrienko ◽  
Natalia Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
New Information ◽  
Decision Making Criteria

The article provides an analytical review of new information technologies that are most relevant and important for systems analysis and modeling in their historical development. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to systematize knowledge in the field of information technologies and their application for effective management of socio-economic processes. Traditionally established and new information technologies used in the socio-economic space are considered at the substantive level: technologies of databases (DB) and database management systems (DBMS), automated systems (AS) and automated workstations (AWS), data warehouses and data mining; technologies of teamwork in the office, telecommunication technologies for accessing information remote from the user, technologies for using integrated application packages (PPP), neuro-mathematical and neuro-information technologies and networks, engineering, hypertext, etc. The purpose is considered and the main functions and capabilities of each technology are formulated. They also analyzed their impact on the processes of socio-economic development. The examples of effective use of information technologies in various socio-economic spheres: financial, management, services of trade enterprises, commercial and government organizations are given. The interaction of new information technologies with artificial intelligence methods in the context of globalization is shown, as a result of which they become the main factor that changes the traditional decision-making criteria and the possibilities of world business (pricing, costs, location, etc.). In conclusion, the trends in the development of information technology of activity are listed. The main trend is the formation of a market for new information technologies, consisting of the main segments: private consumption (entertainment, personal services, etc.); business support (production, sales, marketing, etc.); intellectual professional work (automatic formalization of professional knowledge, etc.). Thus, the analysis showed that information technology is becoming a major factor in globalization, changing the traditional decision-making criteria and opportunities for global business.

Information technology support for integrated supply chain modeling

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Charu Chandra ◽  
Jānis Grabis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Integrated Models ◽  
Supply Chain Modeling ◽  
Decision Making Models ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

Multiple interrelated decision-making models are frequently used in supply chain modeling. Model integration is a precondition for efficient development and utilization of these models. This paper discusses use of modern information technology (IT) techniques and methods for integration of supply chain decision-making models. The overall approach to using IT at various stages of model development is presented. Data and process modeling techniques are used to developed semi-formalized representation of integrated models. These models support integration of decision-making components with other parts of supply chain information system. Process modeling is also used to describe interrelationships among multiple decision-making models. This representation is used as the basis for implementation of integrated models. The service-oriented architecture is proposed as an implementation platform. The presented discussion serves as the basis for further developments in developing integrated supply chain decision-making models.

scholarly journals Cognitive Control of Working Memory: A Model-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Russell J. Boag ◽  
Niek Stevenson ◽  
Roel van Dooren ◽  
Anne C. Trutti ◽  
Zsuzsika Sjoerds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
New Information ◽  
Empirical Performance ◽  
Flow Of Information

Working memory (WM)-based decision making depends on a number of cognitive control processes that control the flow of information into and out of WM and ensure that only relevant information is held active in WM’s limited-capacity store. Although necessary for successful decision making, recent work has shown that these control processes impose performance costs on both the speed and accuracy of WM-based decisions. Using the reference-back task as a benchmark measure of WM control, we conducted evidence accumulation modeling to test several competing explanations for six benchmark empirical performance costs. Costs were driven by a combination of processes, running outside of the decision stage (longer non-decision time) and showing the inhibition of the prepotent response (lower drift rates) in trials requiring WM control. Individuals also set more cautious response thresholds when expecting to update WM with new information versus maintain existing information. We discuss the promise of this approach for understanding cognitive control in WM-based decision making.

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