Petitioning the State: Group Councils and the Development of Political Consciousness in Malawi, 1940s–1950s

Author(s):  
Gift Wasambo Kayira
1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Cohen

From the onset of industrial capitalism in Latin America, urban workers have been dependent on the state. This is particularly true in Brazil, where urban workers are still in a situation of extreme dependence on the state. Thus, the Brazilian setting provides an ideal opportunity for the study of the consciousness of dependent workers as well as an important point of reference for comparative study of working-class consciousness. This paper outlines the general characteristics of the situation of state-dependent workers in Latin America, with special attention to the Brazilian worker, in order to show how their dependence is reflected in their consciousness. The evidence for our interpretation is based on the attitudes of 617 urban workers who are part of a larger probability sample of the population in central and southeast Brazil.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aris Arif Mundayat

<p><br />This study discusses the concept of defending the country in by considering the context of the development of Indonesian society in the global era and democracy. The diversity of consciousness that arise therefore, are challenge for Indonesia. This qualitative research-based study found that the various phenomena mentioned above are essentially challenge to the interests of the state because they de territorialize the logic of state territorialism, through the form of postnationalist logical thinking. This study is an attempt to define the role of the Indonesian Defense University to form the Axis of State Defense as a strategic network to respond the dynamic of socio-political consciousness constructively. This study contributes a number of important academic concepts to be discussed and further developed.</p><p><span>Keywords: Defense the country;  Ideology; Globalization, Faithology; Post-nationalist  </span></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-457
Author(s):  
Denis L. Karpov ◽  
Daria A. Soloveva

Political vocabulary is one of the most relevant subjects of study of modern linguistics, constantly updated, it serves as an indicator of the state of the political sphere of society and the political consciousness of a person. The article is devoted to lexemes that have firmly entered the current political vocabulary of our time: democracy, liberal, patriotism, patriot, nationalism, nationalist, opposition, president. Based on the analysis of modern explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, as well as the dictionary of political terms, it is concluded that terminological, special vocabulary in the modern political language is often used in an unusual meaning. In the article, using the method of contextual analysis, the evaluative connotative element of the meaning of the indicated lexemes is investigated. It is concluded that lexemes acquire a positive or negative evaluative value, first of all, depending on the context, the actual terminological meaning is leveled when used. The revealed meanings are non-systemic, accordingly, they are not fixed in dictionaries, while they are obvious to the carrier and are frequent. This indicates the specific nature of the modern political language, which is influenced by the modern journalistic style. The research results can be used to analyze controversial cases of the use of political vocabulary.


1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
James F. Goggans ◽  
Charles O. Warlick ◽  
Stuart E. Duba

Abstract Variation in development of male and female strobili of 8- to 10-year-old Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.) clones, growing in central Alabama, was determined by tagging strobili and observing their development. The clones were from Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. When coded to a base date, the state group and trees within the state group were significant sources of variation for timing of maximum pollen shed and female receptivity. Groups of interbeeding trees separated into the Alabama group, and an early group and a late group of the other clones combined. This hypothetical 26-clone orchard would seem to be impractical in central Alabama. However, sufficient variation should be found within groups to construct a production orchard population from large areas. Only with sufficient interbreeding among clones in a production orchard can predicted gains of progeny tests be realized.


2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Grier

Abstract:Though children's labor has been critical to African economies historically, Africanist scholars tend to treat child and adolescent workers as invisible. In this essay, the reasons for this neglect are explored, as are the consequences of such neglect for theory and empirical research. Suggestions are made for pursuing research on child and adolescent labor that places young workers within the broader context of economic, social, and political relationships and processes. The essay critically reviews the extant scholarly literature on children and work in the pre-colonial, colonial, and postcolonial periods and concludes that child labor is either underresearched or undertheorized to the detriment of our understanding of gender, patriarchy, agency, the formation of worker and political consciousness, capital accumulation, and the state. The essay argues that children have shaped and continue to shape history in Africa and that childhood is a terrain of struggle in which numerous social and political forces (including children, patriarchy, capital, and the state) seek constructions that suit their particular (and changing) interests. The essay makes a plea to Africanist scholars to take children more seriously in their research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-18
Author(s):  
Ghulam Q. Bhat

The century long Dogra rule in Kashmir was tyranted and undemocratic that provoked resentment among the Muslim subjects. During this rule, the socio-economic conditions of the Muslims became unsympathetic which finally led to the political consciousness among them. The Muslims in the state started organizing themselves to raise their demands for reforms in education, employment, the structure of taxation, and constitutional changes among various other things. Eventually, the state witnessed the politicization of the Muslim community in the form of a series of protest against the Dogra rule from 1930 to 1947. As a result, Kashmir during Dogra rule saw the emergence and development of the Muslim political identity. This paper attempts to trace the formation of the sense of political identity of the Muslim community and the emergence and role of the religio-political groups in sharpening the political identity of the Muslims in Kashmir. The present Kashmir crisis lies in the hundred years before when Kashmir was ruled by the succession of Hindu Dogra rulers.


Author(s):  
Спартак Гогонянц

The article deals with approaches to the choice of indicators of military danger in order to carry out an assessment of threats to the national interests of the state. The attention is focused on the acute need for a careful attitude to the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the military-political situation and the assessment of the level of military danger for Ukraine. It is formulated the necessity of using the scientific approach to the forecast of the level of military danger for Ukraine as a geopolitical player. An overview of existing research and publications of specialists in the national security strategy on the investigation of threats to national interests in the military field has shown that existing approaches are sufficiently developed and informative. In conducted research, military danger is considered as the potential ability of any state (group of states) to use military force to solve interstate political, economic, military, ethnic, religious and other contradictions. And this potential opportunity is constantly threatening the national interests of Ukraine, which can lead to different forms of armed confrontation. At the same time, the ambiguity in certain theoretical positions raises the need to clarify the definition of the most dangerous threats to national interests in the military sphere, and the constant transformations of the theory of military security of the state further complicate the solution of this problem. Therefore, in the interests of deeper formalization of geopolitical processes and taking into account their impact on the level of military danger, the application of the appropriate system of indicators is proposed. To assess the level of military danger for Ukraine, it is proposed to select 17 indicators that can be used together in the procedures for determining the level of military danger to Ukraine by other states. The use of separate values of the relevant indicators of military danger during the prediction of changes in the military-political situation can be used to substantiate the relevant decisions in the bodies of state military management.


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