Vitamin D Intake and Other Risk Factors for Vitamin D Insufficiency in Middle Eastern People Living in the UK: A Comparison of Cultural and Ethnic Groups

Vitamin D status is relatively poor in the general population, potentially leading to various conditions. The present study evaluates the relationship between vitamin D status and intake in the UK population and the impact of vitamin D fortified ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) on this status via data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS: 2008–2012). Four cohorts were addressed: ages 4–10 (n = 803), ages 11–18 (n = 884), ages 19–64 (n = 1655) and ages 65 and higher (n = 428). The impact of fortification by 4.2 μg vitamin D per 100 g of RTEC on vitamin D intake and status was mathematically modelled. Average vitamin D daily intake was age-dependent, ranging from ~2.6 (age range 4–18 years) to ~5.0 μg (older than 64 years). Average 25(OH)D concentration ranged from 43 to 51 nmol/L, the highest in children. The relationship between vitamin D intake and status followed an asymptotic curve with a predicted plateau concentration ranging from 52 in children to 83 nmol/L in elderly. The fortification model showed that serum concentrations increased with ~1.0 in children to ~6.5 nmol/L in the elderly. This study revealed that vitamin D intake in the UK population is low with 25(OH)D concentrations being suboptimal for general health. Fortification of breakfast cereals can contribute to improve overall vitamin D status.

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Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children living in an urban slum of Bangladesh

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015003353 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

pp. 1718-1728 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

AM Shamsir Ahmed ◽

Tahmeed Ahmed ◽

Kurt Z Long ◽

Ricardo J Soares Magalhaes ◽

Md Iqbal Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Older Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Weight For Age

AbstractObjectiveWe quantified the prevalence of vitamin D status in 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children and identified the socio-economic and dietary predictors for status.DesignCross-sectional, baseline data from a nutritional intervention study were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of being vitamin D deficient or insufficient with the reference being vitamin D sufficient.SettingUrban slum area of Mirpur field site, Dhaka, Bangladesh.SubjectsUnderweight (weight-for-age Z-score <−2·00) and normal-weight (weight-for-age Z-score ≥−1·00) children aged 6–24 months.ResultsAmong 468 underweight children, 23·1 % were sufficient, 42·3 % insufficient, 31·2 % deficient and 3·4 % severely vitamin D deficient. Among 445 normal-weight children, 14·8 % were sufficient, 39·6 % insufficient and 40·0 % deficient and 5·6 % severely deficient. With adjusted multinominal regression analysis, risk factors (OR (95 % CI)) for vitamin D deficiency in underweight children were: older age group (18–24 months old; 2·9 (1·5–5·7)); measurement of vitamin D status during winter (3·0 (1·4–6·4)) and spring (6·9 (3·0–16·1)); and maternal education (≥6 years of institutional education; 2·2 (1·0–4·9)). In normal-weight children, older age group (3·6 (1·2–10·6)) and living in the richest quintile (3·7 (1·1–12·5)) were found to be significantly associated with vitamin D insufficiency.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates a significant burden of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in both underweight and normal-weight children <2 years of age from an urban slum of Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors may help in mitigating the important burden in such children.

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Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency at birth and associated outcome

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-016-0741-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ian Marshall ◽

Rajeev Mehta ◽

Charletta Ayers ◽

Smita Dhumal ◽

Anna Petrova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency

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Vitamin D Status in Japanese Adults: Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Simultaneously Measured Dietary Vitamin D Intake and Ultraviolet Ray Exposure

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030743 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 743 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Keiko Asakura ◽

Norihito Etoh ◽

Haruhiko Imamura ◽

Takehiro Michikawa ◽

Takahiro Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Ultraviolet Ray

Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is prevalent worldwide. We investigated the effect of vitamin D intake and ultraviolet ray (UV) exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in Japan. A total of 107 healthy adult participants were recruited from Hokkaido (43° N) and Kumamoto (33° N) prefectures. All participants undertook surveys in both summer and winter. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3) was examined, and vitamin D intake was assessed with a diet history questionnaire. UV exposure was measured with a wearable UV dosimeter. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between these factors, with covariates such as sun avoidance behavior. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25(OH)D3; 12 ng/mL (30 nmol/L) ≤ and <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L))/deficiency (<12 ng/mL) was 47.7% in summer and 82.2% in winter. UV exposure time was short in Kumamoto (the urban area), at 11.6 min in summer and 14.9 min in winter. In Hokkaido (the rural area), UV exposure time was 58.3 min in summer and 22.5 min in winter. Vitamin D intake was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3, and a 1 μg/1000kcal increase in intake was necessary to increase 25(OH)D3 by 0.88 ng/mL in summer and by 1.7 ng/mL in winter. UV exposure time was significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D3 in summer, and a 10 min increase in UV exposure time was necessary to increase 25(OH)D3 by 0.47 ng/mL. Although consideration of personal occupation and lifestyle is necessary, most Japanese may need to increase both vitamin D intake and UV exposure.

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Selenium Status in Saudi Arabian Compared to UK Women and Possible Influence on Bone Density and Skeletal Metabolism

Journal of Nutritional Biology ◽

10.18314/jnb.v1i1.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stoffaneller R ◽

Nancy L Morse

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Bone Health ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Selenium Status ◽

Marker Data ◽

The Uk ◽

Se Status

Se intake in the UK is thought to be declining whereas little is known about the Se status of Middle Eastern countries in general and Saudi Arabia specifically. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest a possible link between Se status and bone health. The purpose of this study was primarily to determine Se status, and secondarily to determine the influence of Se inadequacy on bone health using prospective measures of dietary selenium (Se) intake and bone health, and retrospective analyses of plasma and serum Se content. Plasma/serum Se concentration was measured in 76 women from the Saudi Arabian Bone Health (SABHS) study (34 premenopausal and 42 postmenopausal), and 92 women from the Vitamin D, Food Intake, Nutrition and Exposure to Sunlight (D-FINES) study in southern England (27 Caucasian premenopausal, 35 Caucasian postmenopausal,14 Asian premenopausal and 16 Asian postmenopausal). Bone health marker data was available for all subjects while dietary intake data was available for United Kingdom (UK) subjects only. Se was lower in Saudi Arabian compared to UK subjects (P<0.01) even after adjusting for body size. Postmenopausal women had higher Se across all ethnicities. Se status was significantly positively correlated with Se intake in the UK Caucasian subjects (autumn 2006 intakes) and 91.5% of the UK subjects did not meet the Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI). Se status and intake relative to bone health had mixed outcomes. Based on these findings, Se status and intake is insufficient in UK and Saudi Arabian women with premenopausal women most affected.

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Vitamin D insufficiency and risk of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e12027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e12027-e12027

Author(s):

Theodore Salvatore Jennaro ◽

Ellen M. Lavoie Smith ◽

Kiran Vangipuram ◽

Kelley M. Kidwell ◽

Monika Leigh Burness ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Primary Analysis ◽

Patient Reported

e12027 Background: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a severe, dose-limiting toxicity of paclitaxel that occurs in up to 25% of patients and can lead to permanent loss of balance and manual dexterity. Due to the lack of effective strategies for PN prevention or treatment, there is a critical need to identify predictive risk factors for paclitaxel-induced PN. Vitamin insufficiencies are known risk factors for PN in other disease states. However, the effect of vitamin insufficiency on paclitaxel-induced PN has not been adequately investigated. Methods: Baseline levels of vitamin D and other nutrients (vitamin B, homocysteine, folate) were measured, and PN was assessed weekly in an observational trial of patients receiving paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 for 12 weeks for non-metastatic breast cancer (NCT0233811). Nutrient levels were measured by Michigan Medicine and insufficiency defined by institutional standards (vitamin D insufficiency < 20 ng/mL). In the primary analysis, the maximum increase from baseline in the 8-item sensory subscale (ΔCIPN8) of the EORTC CIPN20, a validated patient-reported PN assessment tool, was compared in nutrient insufficient and sufficient patients. The effect of vitamin insufficiencies on PN-induced treatment disruptions (dose decrease, delay, or discontinuation) was conducted as a secondary analysis. Results: Only vitamin D insufficiency was identified in enough patients for analysis (15/37 = 41%). Vitamin D insufficient patients reported a greater mean (+/- SD) ΔCIPN8 (36.39 ±22.8) than vitamin D sufficient patients (16.29 ±16.3) (p = 0.003). However, the increase in treatment disruption for vitamin D insufficient patients was not significant (OR = 2.98, 95% CI [0.72, 12.34], p = 0.16). Conclusions: Paclitaxel-treated patients who were vitamin D insufficient at baseline had greater increases in patient-reported PN. If validated in larger studies, vitamin D insufficiency may be a clinically translatable, modifiable risk factor that can be used to prevent paclitaxel-induced PN in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.

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Association of vitamin D insufficiency with adiposity and metabolic disorders in Brazilian adolescents

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013001225 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 787-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Renata MS Oliveira ◽

Juliana F Novaes ◽

Lorena M Azeredo ◽

Ana Paula C Cândido ◽

Isabel CG Leite

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Central City ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

Dietary Record

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of deficiency/insufficiency of vitamin D in adolescents and its relationship to overweight and metabolic disorders.DesignCross-sectional study. Nutritional status was assessed by BMI according to WHO recommendations. Dietary intake was evaluated using a 3 d dietary record. The biochemical evaluation comprised measurements of serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, calcidiol (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment. Body composition and blood pressure were assessed.SettingFifteen schools (eight public and seven private) in the central city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil.SubjectsThe analysis included a study population of 160 adolescents (seventy-seven eutrophic and eighty-three overweight) aged 15 to 17 years.ResultsVitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed in 1·25 and 70·6 % of adolescents, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D levels were statistically lower in adolescents with weight excess, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, higher levels of parathyroid hormone, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and hypertension (P < 0·05). Lower BMI and waist circumference were observed in the third (highest) tertile of vitamin D intake for all adolescents. The high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is primarily nutritional and reflects a low vitamin D intake.ConclusionsOur results support the negative association among serum 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D intake with non-skeletal outcomes in Brazilian adolescents. Vitamin D fortification of foods and/or the use of vitamin D supplements need to be considered to raise vitamin D intake in the adolescent population, even in a sunny country like Brazil.

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A framework for measurement and harmonization of pediatric multiple sclerosis etiologic research studies: The Pediatric MS Tool-Kit

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458518783345 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 1170-1177 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sandra Magalhaes ◽

Brenda Banwell ◽

Amit Bar-Or ◽

Isabel Fortier ◽

Heather E Hanwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Delphi Study ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Small Sample ◽

Sample Sizes ◽

Vitamin D Intake ◽

Measurement Framework ◽

Small Sample Sizes

Background: While studying the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) in children has several methodological advantages over studying etiology in adults, studies are limited by small sample sizes. Objective: Using a rigorous methodological process, we developed the Pediatric MS Tool-Kit, a measurement framework that includes a minimal set of core variables to assess etiological risk factors. Methods: We solicited input from the International Pediatric MS Study Group to select three risk factors: environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, sun exposure, and vitamin D intake. To develop the Tool-Kit, we used a Delphi study involving a working group of epidemiologists, neurologists, and content experts from North America and Europe. Results: The Tool-Kit includes six core variables to measure ETS, six to measure sun exposure, and six to measure vitamin D intake. The Tool-Kit can be accessed online ( www.maelstrom-research.org/mica/network/tool-kit ). Conclusion: The goals of the Tool-Kit are to enhance exposure measurement in newly designed pediatric MS studies and comparability of results across studies, and in the longer term to facilitate harmonization of studies, a methodological approach that can be used to circumvent issues of small sample sizes. We believe the Tool-Kit will prove to be a valuable resource to guide pediatric MS researchers in developing study-specific questionnaire

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