Evaluation of Breeding Value and Selection of Bull Dams in the Danish Dairy Breeds: I. Studies on Realized Efficiency of Bull Dam and Bull Sire Selection

В симментальской породе предусматривается разведение скота, сбалансировано сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность. Однако в практике совершенствования племенных стад в подборах быков доминируют улучшатели удоя, что во многом предопределяет результаты селекции и продуктивный тип животных. Объектом нашего исследования стало стадо чистопородного симментальского скота в условиях стойловой системы беспривязного и привязного содержания коров. Для изучения эффективности использования быков-производителей разного племенного достоинства сформировали 2 опытные группы: I состояла из бычков, полученных от отцов с племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою 100 кг и более, а во II с ПЦ от 0 до 100 кг молока. Симментальские бычки, отобранные для контрольного убоя, достигали весовых кондиций 500 кг и более в 17,5 мес при среднесуточном приросте 911 г. При использовании на маточном поголовье быков-производителей с улучшающим эффектом по удою 100 кг и более, их сыновья (I группа), на фоне более высоких суточных приростов (на 30 г) и раннем возрасте достижения живой массы 500 кг (на 18 дней) имели массу и выход туши на 21,4 кг и 2,7 ниже, чем у бычков II группы. При формировании молочно-мясного типа быки-производители с умеренной племенной ценностью по удою обеспечивали получение потомства, сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность в экономически значимых пропорциях.The Simmental breed provides for the breeding of cattle that combines milk and meat productivity in a balanced proportion. However, in the practice of improving breeding herds, the selection of bulls is dominated by milk yield improvers, which largely determines the results of selection and the productive type of animals. The object of our research was a breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle in variety feeding and housing practices. To study the effectiveness of using bulls-producers of different breeding values, 2 experimental groups were formed: I consisted of bulls received from fathers with a breeding value (BV) of milk yield 100 kg or more, and II with a BV from 0 to 100 kg of milk. Simmental bulls selected for control slaughter reached weight standards of 500 kg or more in 17.5 months with an average daily increase of 911 g. When used on breeding of bulls with an improving effect on the yield of 100 kg or more, their sons (group I), against the background of higher daily gains (30 g) and an early age of reaching a live weight of 500 kg (18 days), had a mass and carcass yield of 21.4 kg and 2.7 lower than that of group II bulls. When forming a dairy-meat type, producing bulls with a moderate breeding value for milk yield provided for the production of offspring that combined dairy and meat productivity in economically significant proportions.

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A simulation study of open nucleus and closed nucleus breeding systems in a sheep population

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800008213 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 117-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. A. Roden

Keyword(s):

Genetic Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Breeding Systems ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽

Sheep Population ◽

Best Linear Unbiased ◽

Nucleus Breeding ◽

Open Nucleus ◽

Selection Of

AbstractStochastic simulation was used to compare the results of alternative breeding systems in a sheep population divided into 10 flocks of 120 ewes. The breeding systems compared were selection within closed flocks (CF), a closed nucleus system (CNS), an open nucleus system (ONS) and open nucleus systems with the selection of nucleus replacements being restricted to either nucleus born males (ONSRm) or nucleus born females (ONSRf). Selection was for a best linear unbiased prediction of breeding value for lamb live weight which had a heritability of 0·17. The open nucleus breeding systems (ONS, ONSRm, ONSRf) resulted in higher rates of genetic gain, more predictable selection responses and lower rates of inbreeding than either the closed nucleus system (CNS) or selection within closed flocks (CF). Initial genetic differences between flocks resulted in higher rates of genetic gain in the nucleus breeding systems due to the use of between flock genetic variance. In the ONS system up to 25% of nucleus sires and approximately 50% of nucleus dams were born in base flocks. Nevertheless if selection of either nucleus sires or dams was restricted to nucleus born animals there was very little change in genetic gain or rate of inbreeding.

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Schätzung des Prüfniveaus metabolischer Merkmale beim Glukose-Toleranz-Test (GTT) an Jungbullen

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-46-167-2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 167-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Panicke ◽

E. Fischer ◽

B. Fischer ◽

R. Staufenbiel

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Post Partum ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

The Other ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Breeding Value ◽

One Year ◽

Pedigree Breeding ◽

Selection Of

Abstract. Title of the paper: Level estimation of metabolic parameters in the glucose tolerance test (GTT) of young bulls The metabolic parameters of the glucose tolerance test are suitable for an additional recommendation for the valuation of the breeding bulls before the start of the offspring’s test could be given. Very important is the level of glucose half live to the begin of lactation of the cows. The other limit is the hyperglycemias greater than 10 mmol/l (or 180 mg/dl) in the glucose level in the blood. The glucose half live measured nearly 48 minutes is comparable in the 8th week post partum in lactation of cows with the young bulls in the age one year. Their combination with the pedigree breeding value is leading to increase of information, that could be utilised to the selection of improper bulls if the present results were confirmed.

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Comparison of long-term selection responses of breeding policy in dairy herds

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/4246-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 439-449

Author(s):

P. Šafus ◽

J. Přibyl

Keyword(s):

Embryo Transfer ◽

Genetic Gain ◽

Negative Selection ◽

Milk Proteins ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Selection Intensity ◽

Term Selection ◽

Single Use ◽

Selection Of

Genetic and economic responses to genetic gain were evaluated for these breeding arrangements: single use of bulls under testing; single and repeated use of proved bulls for two years and for three years (in combination with selection intensity 1%, 5% or 10% of the best bulls for the use of proved bulls); negative selection of cows in the herd – 10%, 20% or 30% of animals are discarded from reproduction and the animals are left in the herd and used for breeding by beef bulls; negative selection of first-calvers in the herd – 10%, 20% or 25% of animals are discarded for slaughter; discarding of heifers and purchase of animals with higher breeding value, and embryo transfer – a group of selected recipients accounts for 10%, 20% or 30% of the cows with lover breeding value in the dairy herds. Simulations for single use of breeding arrangements and their consequences over a fifty-year period were carried out for the above models using the gene flow method. Only minimum changes will occur since the 25<sup>th</sup> year of observation. A comparison of the particular models showed the highest gain of proved bulls selected from 1% of the best bulls whose cumulative genetic gain was 41.558 kg of milk proteins on average per cow for the whole observed period. Single use of bulls under testing in the herd resulted in the second highest cumulative genetic gain. Use of proved bulls selected with lower selection intensity (5% or 10%) had worse results. Culling of cows and discarding of first-calvers for slaughter led to lower genetic and economic contribution. The gain of embryo transfer was also lower; moreover, it is not economically advantageous for its very high costs, so it should not be used in production herds generally. High genetic and economic gain was recorded for replacement of all heifers by animals with higher breeding value from other populations.  

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SELECTION OF SUMBA ONGOLE (SO) CATTLE BASED ON BREEDING VALUE AND PERFORMANCE TEST

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.41.4.175-187 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 175 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Said ◽

P. P. Agung ◽

W. P. B. Putra ◽

S. Anwar ◽

A. S. Wulandari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Performance Test ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Body Measurements ◽

Final Weight ◽

Class 1 ◽

Increase Productivity ◽

And Performance ◽

Selection Of ◽

Analyze Data

Selection of livestock was purposed to increase productivity. A performance test was conducted using 25 males and 25 females of Sumba Ongole (SO) cattle. The performance test were conducted in three periods (2014, 2015 and 2016) for about 535 days. Descriptive statistics ws used to analyze data of body weight. Cattle with age between 300 to 600 days were used for evaluation. Result showed that heritability value of yearling weight (YW365) was 0.77+0.68 as a high category. The highest breeding value of YW365 were 66.05 kg (male) and 41.89 kg (female). The average of corrected final weight (CFW) weight were 172.55+34.22 kg (male) and 159.80+37.73 kg (female). The performance test in this study obtained six A class (1 bull and 5 cows) based on the standard minimum of body measurements for SO cattle.

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Sire evaluation using animal model versus differentconventional methods in red sindhi cattle

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.v0i0f.3805 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

P. K. Mallick ◽

A. K. Ghosh ◽

A. S. Rajendiran

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Genetic Gain ◽

Simplex Method ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Sire Evaluation ◽

Improvement Programme ◽

Breed Improvement ◽

Model Versus ◽

Selection Of

The effectiveness of sire evaluation is the backbone of any breed improvement programme as much as 61% of genetic gain in dairy cattle results from selection of sires through “bulls to breed cows” and “bulls to breed bulls” path. The application of latest and simplex method of sire evaluation like BLUPF90 in Indian breeds is scanty. The present investigation was planned to evaluate the Red Sindhi sires by this method and to compare the effectiveness of BLUPF90 method with other conventional methods of sire evaluation in Red Sindhi cattle. The records of production and reproduction performances of first lactation traits of 717 Red Sindhi cows, progeny of 58 sires, spread over a period of 40 years (1966-2005) from CCBF, Chiplima, Orissa under the control of Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India and CBF, Kalsi, Deheradun, Uttarakhand were analyzed. The present study was single and multi-trait evaluation of breeding values of Red Sindhi sires. The overall least squares population mean for first lactation milk yield (FLMY) was 1536.35±54.87 kg. The average breeding value of sires of single trait from different methods ranged from 1536.35 kg (LSM, DFREML and BLUPF90-Dairy Pack) to 1588.50 kg (simple daughter average) but in multi-trait method the breeding value does not vary with each other. The comparison of different method of sire evaluation based on single trait for FLMY only shows that the DFREML model for single trait should be preferred over the BLUP, LSM and simple daughter average methods for evaluating the sire breeding value. However, if a sire-breeding value is to be computed from multi traits then BLUPF90 model may be preferred over DFREML model.

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Genetic consistency between gait analysis by accelerometry and evaluation scores at breeding shows for the selection of jumping competition horses

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0244064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0244064

Author(s):

Anne Ricard ◽

Bernard Dumont Saint Priest ◽

Marjorie Chassier ◽

Margot Sabbagh ◽

Sophie Danvy

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Stride Frequency ◽

Relationship Matrix ◽

Evaluation Scores ◽

The One ◽

The Relationship ◽

Selection Of

The aim was to assess the efficiency of gaits characteristics in improving jumping performance of sport horses and confront accelerometers and judge scores for this purpose. A sample of 1,477 young jumping horses were measured using accelerometers for walk, trot, and canter. Of these, 702 were genotyped with 541,175 SNPs after quality control. Dataset of 26,914 horses scored by judges in breeding shows for gaits and dataset of 142,682 horses that performed in jumping competitions were used. Analysis of accelerometric data defined three principal components from 64% to 89% of variability explained for each gait. Animal mixed models were used to estimate genetic parameters with the inclusion to up 308,105 ancestors for the relationship matrix. Fixed effects for the accelerometric variables included velocity, gender, age, and event. A GWAS was performed on residuals with the fixed effect of each SNP. The GWAS did not reveal other QTLs for gait traits than the one related to the height at withers. The accelerometric principal components were highly heritable for the one linked to stride frequency and dorsoventral displacement at trot (0.53) and canter (0.41) and moderately for the one linked to longitudinal activities (0.33 for trot, 0.19 for canter). Low heritabilities were found for the walk traits. The genetic correlations of the accelerometric principal components with the jumping competition were essentially nil, except for a negative correlation with longitudinal activity at canter (-0.19). The genetic correlation between the judges’ scores and the jumping competition reached 0.45 for canter (0.31 for trot and 0.17 for walk). But these correlations turned negative when the scores were corrected for the known parental breeding value for competition at the time of the judging. In conclusion, gait traits were not helpful to select for jumping performances. Different gaits may be suitable for a good jumping horse.

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The application of modern molecular techniques in animal selection

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1804371p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 371-386

Author(s):

Milan Petrovic ◽

Marina Selionova ◽

Violeta Caro-Petrovic ◽

Dragana Ruzic-Muslic ◽

Nevena Maksimovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reliable Method ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Practical Application ◽

Exact Position ◽

Modern Analysis ◽

High Level ◽

Selection Of

Some problems of modern analysis of the genome of domestic animals and the possibility of applying the results of the research in the selection have considered. Molecular genome analysis has progressed rapidly. Today, using modern DNA analysis, the domestic animals breeding value can be safely foreseen. Based on the scientist?s intuition of early-20th century, after half a century, genetic markers had discovered. Thus, the traditional selection method has integrated with molecular techniques of selection by applying marker-assisted selection (MAS). Microsatellites have attracted great attention from scientists because they are widespread in the genome and have a high level of polymorphism. Thousands of SNPs have discovered with their exact position in the genome. This very reliable method occurred for analyzing the genome which shows the change of only one nucleotide base into the DNA molecule. All modern achievements of molecular genetics have opened the way for practical application in the selection of all kinds of domestic animals. Today, a combination of molecular or genomic selection combined with a traditional is very reliable method for a faster, more accurate assessment of the breeding value of animals.

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