Untangling the Quality of Governance from the Level of Income: Are Sub-Saharan African Countries Governed Differently?

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Gundlach ◽  
Susanne Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
African Countries ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Proposal for an intelligent digital teacher’s textbook solution adapted to the Bachelor-Master-Doctorate system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Hermann Semevo Boko ◽  
Bessan Melckior Degboe ◽  
Samuel Ouya ◽  
Gervais Mendy
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Digital Textbook ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Set Up ◽  
E Mail

This paper proposes an intelligent solution for course monitoring based on the use of a digital textbook coupled with an algorithm for verifying the conformity of the teaching content. The proposed solution allows to follow in real time the evolution of the courses and to alert the pedagogical managers in case of non-compliance with the syllabus. In most sub-Saharan African countries engaged in the Bachelor-Master-Doctorate (BMD) reform, incessant strikes prevent teachers from completing the program. Also, there is no way for the teacher to know whether students have the necessary prerequisites. In addition, constraints related to agendas sometimes prevent the holding of pedagogical animation meetings. To solve these problems, we propose the implementation of an intelligent digital teacher's textbook. The tool helps in the follow-up and the respect of the pedagogical objectives. It implements an algorithm to evaluate in real time the concordance between the courses given and the requirements of the syllabus. An SMS and e-mail alert system has also been set up to inform training actors in case of non-compliance with the syllabus. The proposed solution contributes to the overall improvement of the quality of higher education in Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Growth Limits: A Conceptual Analysis for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402091827
Author(s):  
Oluwabunmi O. Adejumo
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Limits To Growth ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sub Saharan

In the school of development thought, growth has been identified as a viable alternative to the challenge of poverty and economic backwardness. However, the ecologists have continuously challenged the growth position in relation to environmental degradation and depletion. It is against this background; this study examined the limits to growth in Nigeria beyond which there will be inimical consequences for the environment. The study employed time series data that spanned between 1970 and 2014. These data sets were sourced from the World Development Indicators. Based on the assimilation model, threshold estimates were used to identify optimal growth regions, whereas regression estimates were used to measure growth effects. It was discovered that below the identified growth limit, there are currently significant negative impacts on the quality of the environment in Nigeria via economic growth. This study is a single-country case, that is, Nigeria; hence, the study can be expanded to include other sub-Saharan African countries. The study adds to knowledge by establishing the prospects for sustainability in the quality of the environment in the long run; therefore, policies designed in this areas have higher likelihood of attaining sustainability.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional observational assessment of quality of newborn care immediately after birth in health facilities across six sub-Saharan African countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e014680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph de Graft-Johnson ◽  
Linda Vesel ◽  
Heather E Rosen ◽  
Barbara Rawlins ◽  
Stella Abwao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Care ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Observational Assessment ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Improving quality of surgical and anaesthesia care at hospital level in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol of health system strengthening interventions

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036615
Author(s):  
Nataliya Brima ◽  
Justine Davies ◽  
Andrew JM Leather
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health System ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Implementation Outcomes ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Anaesthesia Care

IntroductionOver 5 billion people in the world do not have access to safe, affordable surgical and anaesthesia care when needed. In order to improve health outcomes in patients with surgical conditions, both access to care and the quality of care need to be improved. A recent commission on high-quality health systems highlighted that poor-quality care is now a bigger barrier than non-utilisation of the health system for reducing mortality.AimTo carry out a systematic review to provide an evidence-based summary of hospital-based interventions associated with improved quality of surgical and anaesthesia care in sub-Saharan African countries (SSACs).Methods and analysisThree search strings (1) surgery and anaesthesia, (2) quality improvement hospital-based interventions and (3) SSACs will be combined. The following databases EMBASE, Global Health, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus will be searched. Further relevant studies will be identified from national and international health organisations and publications and reference lists of all selected full-text articles. The review will include all type of original articles in English published between 2008 and 2019. Article screening, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality will be done by two reviewers independently and any disputes will be resolved by a third reviewer or team consensus. Three types of outcomes will be collected including clinical, process and implementation outcomes. The primary outcome will be mortality. Secondary outcomes will include other clinical outcomes (major and minor complications), as well as process and implementation outcomes. Descriptive statistics and outcomes will be summarised and discussed. For the primary outcome, the methodological rigour will be assessed.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be published in a peer reviewed open access journal and presented at national and international conferences. As this is a review of secondary data no formal ethical approval is required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019125570.

Threshold Effect of Raw Material Prices on Economic Growth of African Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150009
Author(s):  
Houngbedji Sèwanoude´ Honore´
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Policy Measure ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panels ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Material Price

We study the nonlinear effects of raw material prices measured by that of cotton product on the economic growth of a sample of African countries for the period of 1991–2019. Using the procedure for determining endogenous thresholds (Hansen, 1999) [Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels: Estimation, testing, and inference. Journal of Econometrics, 93, 345–368], the study revealed that raw material prices positively affect economic growth when the prices reach a threshold above 96.1. These results indicate that to be effective, any economic policy measure aimed at accelerating the economic growth of these commodity-dependent countries must take into account the level of raw material price indices, the quality of governance and the level of financial development.

Detection of Brucellosis in Blood of Cows in Some Farms of Khartoum State

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Sara Mohammed Elmahadi Khalid Basheir ◽  
Amira AltoomFuzi Othman ◽  
Babbiker Mohammed Taher Gorish
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Parallel Testing ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cattle Farms

Brucellosis is an infectious disease that affect human as well as animals. The disease is caused by exposure to a bacterial species belong to the genus Brucella. Brucellosis has wide distribution in sub-Saharan African countries, including Sudan in which the diagnosis remains a great challenge and basically depend on serology. The present study was carried out on five dairy cattle farms allegedly free from brucellosis, but with sporadic cases of abortion. As well-known Sudan has a many dairy industries with peri‑urban dairy establishments which built in order to improve milk availability to rural communities. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis in Sudan, using samples submitted to collect from different farms. Five farms were tested with Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Enzyme-linked Immune-absorbent Assay (ELISA). Parallel testing was used to determine whether a farm was to be considered positive or not. The result showed that out of 70 cow’s Blood samples examine 22 (31.4%) had positive RBPT results while the rest (68.6%) had Negative RBPT results. Of the Five farms which were examined the positive cows were observed in only 2 farms. The results show the need to carry out surveillance of brucellosis in cattle in Sudan to understand the spatial distribution of the disease in the country. These surveillance could reduce the risk of Brucellosis spreading and consequently improvement will take place in the quality of livestock and their dairy product which consumed by the human in those areas.

scholarly journals Post hoc study to investigate the potential causes of poor quality of cardiovascular medicines collected in sub-Saharan countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e039252
Author(s):  
Philippe-Henri Secretan ◽  
Marie Antignac ◽  
Najet Yagoubi ◽  
Mélisande Bernard ◽  
Marie Cécile Perier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Post Hoc

ObjectivesThe incidence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing and there is a growing need to provide access to quality cardio drugs in Africa. In the SEVEN study, we analysed 1530 cardiovascular drug samples randomly collected from 10 African countries. By that time, of the seven drugs products analysed, only those containing amlodipine and captopril had very low assay values with active substance contents that could be less than 75% of those expected. In this article we investigate complementary aspects of the amlodipine and captopril samples so to explain the previously observed low assays for these two drugs.DesignPost hoc analysis of the captopril and amlodipine drugs samples and their packages collected in the context of the SEVEN study.Setting10 countries were concerned: Benin, Burkina Faso, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Côte d’Ivoire, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal and Togo.ParticipantsLocal scientists and hospital practitioners collected the drug samples in the 10 African countries.Outcome measuresThe drug amount and the relative amounts of drug impurities, as well as the main compounds of the drugs packaging, were analysed.ResultsIdentification of the blister packaging of the samples led to separate both amlodipine and captopril drug samples in two groups. Mann Whitney’s bilateral test showed a significant difference (p<0.0001) between the median value of the captopril dosage when tablets are packaged in blisters providing higher protection to humidity (n=105) as opposed to the tablets packaged in blisters providing lower humidity protection (n=130).ConclusionBased on these results, particular attention should be paid to the materials and types of packaging used in order to minimise the lack of control over the exposures and drug circuits present in these different countries.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Relationship between Poverty and Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan African Countries using Dynamic Econometric Models

Economy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Owusu Samuel Mensah ◽  
Chen Jianlin ◽  
Fu Chuambo ◽  
Hu Qio
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Sustainable development remains an important issue in the quest to achieve a safe and a better world. The expansion of the 8 millennium development goals into the 17 sustainable development goals is a testament of the conscious desire to improve the human environment to ensure better quality of life for its citizens. This study assembles a collection of four sophisticated econometric models to determine the impact of poverty and other variables on two indicators of environmental sustainability. Beside, economic development, the study confirmed the negative impact of poverty on both indicators of sustainable development. The results prove that poverty in sub-Saharan Africa is a threat to environmental quality and its consequential challenges. The call to promote environmentally responsible behaviours should not be focused on developed countries alone. Poverty is also associated with high levels of pollution and poor countries including countries in sub-Saharan Africa contributes must equally restrategise for effective environmental goals. The study further discloses that poverty is one of the strongest factors that affect environmental sustainability. This observation is not a contradiction to the well-established fact that prosperity or economic growth is a major precursor of unsustainable environment. On the contrary the evidence in this paper amplifies a consequence of a social crisis if they fester at both ends. In one breath, whereas economic growth or economic prosperity can compromise the quality of the environment. In conclusion, this result implies that African countries in their pursuit of economic growth, education and effective healthcare to ameliorate poverty must incorporate other aggressive strategies to hasten poverty reduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document