Yoga Practice in a College Sample: Associated Changes in Eating Disorder, Body Image, and Related Factors Over Time

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the role of BMI, body image inflexibility, and anxiety to eating disorder and exercise dependence symptoms in a sample of college students. Participants: 878 habitual exercisers (M age = 20.09 years, SD = 1.76 years) in a large urban university participated in this study. They had an exercise frequency not less than 3 days per week. Methods: Participants filled out demographic information, exercise behavior, questionnaire for exercise dependence (EDS-R), eating disorder (EDE-QS), body image inflexibility (BI-AAQ), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7).Results: After controlling for age, gender and major, lower BMI was linked to more exercise dependence symptoms but not significant (β=-0.04, p=0.26). In contrast, greater BMI was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing eating disorder (β=-0.08, p<0.001). Moreover, higher body image inflexibility is significantly positive contributed to not only sever exercise dependence (β=0.26, p<0.001), but also abnormal eating attitudes and behaviors (β=0.74, p<0.001). Furthermore, generalized anxiety is a significant contributor to exercise dependence symptoms (β=0.14, p<0.001) but not eating disorder symptoms (β=0.02, p=0.43).Conclusions: Body image inflexibility is the common contributor to developing exercise dependence and eating disorders, suggesting that the prevention and treatment of disordered eating and exercise dependence should involve the improvement of psychological flexibility. In addition, the individual with higher BMI is more vulnerable for developing eating disorder, while those who have the sever anxiety symptoms should be given more attention to screen for exercise dependence.

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Body Image Flexibility and Eating Disorder Spectrum Problems

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e664642012-001 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Johanna W. Wendell ◽

Akihiko W. Masuda ◽

Jane Le

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder

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Marked progress in AL amyloidosis survival: a 40-year longitudinal natural history study

Blood Cancer Journal ◽

10.1038/s41408-021-00529-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Staron ◽

Luke Zheng ◽

Gheorghe Doros ◽

Lawreen H. Connors ◽

Lisa M. Mendelson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standards Of Care ◽

Al Amyloidosis ◽

Unexpected Death ◽

Related Factors ◽

Term Survival ◽

Natural History Study ◽

Boston University ◽

Disease Outcomes ◽

Patient Subgroups ◽

Over Time

AbstractThe recent decades have ushered in considerable advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis. As disease outcomes improve, AL amyloidosis-unrelated factors may impact mortality. In this study, we evaluated survival trends and primary causes of death among 2337 individuals with AL amyloidosis referred to the Boston University Amyloidosis Center. Outcomes were analyzed according to date of diagnosis: 1980-1989 (era 1), 1990-1999 (era 2), 2000-2009 (era 3), and 2010-2019 (era 4). Overall survival increased steadily with median values of 1.4, 2.6, 3.3, and 4.6 years for eras 1–4, respectively (P < 0.001). Six-month mortality decreased over time from 23% to 13%. Wide gaps in survival persisted amid patient subgroups; those with age at diagnosis ≥70 years had marginal improvements over time. Most deaths were attributable to disease-related factors, with cardiac failure (32%) and sudden unexpected death (23%) being the leading causes. AL amyloidosis-unrelated mortality increased across eras (from 3% to 16% of deaths) and with longer-term survival (29% of deaths occurring >10 years after diagnosis). Under changing standards of care, survival improved and early mortality declined over the last 40 years. These findings support a more optimistic outlook for patients with AL amyloidosis.

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Access to care and worsening eating disorder symptomatology in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Eating Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40337-021-00421-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca Spigel ◽

Jessica A. Lin ◽

Carly E. Milliren ◽

Melissa Freizinger ◽

Julia A. Vitagliano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Care ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Access To Care ◽

Treatment Quality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Web Based ◽

Face To Face ◽

Recovery Study ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract Background Shelter-in-place orders and social distancing guidelines, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, have limited traditional face-to-face interactions and led to many clinical providers transitioning to the use of videoconferencing platforms. The present study aims to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted adolescents’/young adults’ (AYA) eating disorder (ED)-related care, and how access to, changes in, perceived disruptions to, and quality of care are associated with ED thoughts and behaviors. Methods AYA enrolled in the RECOVERY study, a pre-existing web-based longitudinal study, and completed a COVID-19-specific survey (n = 89). We examined bivariate associations of four markers of care: i) access to care, ii) changes in care, iii) perceived disruption to care, and iv) quality of care. Using multiple logistic regression, we examined the associations of pandemic-related markers of care with changes in ED thoughts and behaviors. We excluded those not engaged in treatment pre-pandemic (n = 16). Results In the remaining 73 participants, reported access to care was high, with 92% of respondents continuing care with at least one ED provider during the pandemic; however, 47% stopped some treatment during the pandemic. Nearly one-third (32%) perceived a disruption in treatment. Quality of care remained high with 67% reporting care to be better than or as good as pre-pandemic. Respondents acknowledged heightened symptomatology: 81% reported increased ED thoughts and 81% reported increased ED behaviors due to COVID-19-related factors. However, none of the markers of care described were significantly associated with ED thoughts or behaviors in regression analyses adjusting for demographic variables and baseline characteristics, except our quality of care measure which was approaching significance (p = 0.07). Conclusions Our findings show the majority of AYA who had care prior to the pandemic continued receiving some element of their multi-disciplinary ED treatment and perceived their care as high quality. None of the markers of care described were statistically associated with increased ED thoughts and behaviors.

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The Impact of Intervention-Related Risk Factors on the Risk of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Is High in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.1059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s407-s409

Author(s):

Ksenia Ershova ◽

Oleg Khomenko ◽

Olga Ershova ◽

Ivan Savin ◽

Natalia Kurdumova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Negative Slope ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽

Related Factors ◽

Icu Patients ◽

The Impact ◽

Adf Test ◽

Over Time

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) represents the highest burden among all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), with a particularly high rate in patients in neurosurgical ICUs. Numerous VAP risk factors have been identified to provide a basis for preventive measures. However, the impact of individual factors on the risk of VAP is unclear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of various VAP risk factors given the continuously declining prevalence of VAP in our neurosurgical ICU. Methods: This prospective cohort unit-based study included neurosurgical patients who stayed in the ICU >48 consecutive hours in 2011 through 2018. The infection prevention and control (IPC) program was implemented in 2010 and underwent changes to adopt best practices over time. We used a 2008 CDC definition for VAP. The dynamics of VAP risk factors was considered a time series and was checked for stationarity using theAugmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) test. The data were censored when a risk factor was present during and after VAP episodes. Results: In total, 2,957 ICU patients were included in the study, 476 of whom had VAP. Average annual prevalence of VAP decreased from 15.8 per 100 ICU patients in 2011 to 9.5 per 100 ICU patients in 2018 (Welch t test P value = 7.7e-16). The fitted linear model showed negative slope (Fig. 1). During a study period we observed substantial changes in some risk factors and no changes in others. Namely, we detected a decrease in the use of anxiolytics and antibiotics, decreased days on mechanical ventilation, and a lower rate of intestinal dysfunction, all of which were nonstationary processes with a declining trend (ADF testP > .05) (Fig. 2). However, there were no changes over time in such factors as average age, comorbidity index, level of consciousness, gender, and proportion of patients with brain trauma (Fig. 2). Conclusions: Our evidence-based IPC program was effective in lowering the prevalence of VAP and demonstrated which individual measures contributed to this improvement. By following the dynamics of known VAP risk factors over time, we found that their association with declining VAP prevalence varies significantly. Intervention-related factors (ie, use of antibiotics, anxiolytics and mechanical ventilation, and a rate of intestinal dysfunction) demonstrated significant reduction, and patient-related factors (ie, age, sex, comorbidity, etc) remained unchanged. Thus, according to the discriminative model, the intervention-related factors contributed more to the overall risk of VAP than did patient-related factors, and their reduction was associated with a decrease in VAP prevalence in our neurosurgical ICU.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Decline of ovarian function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in a longitudinal cohort

RMD Open ◽

10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. e001307

Author(s):

Jenny Brouwer ◽

Radboud J E M Dolhain ◽

Johanna M W Hazes ◽

Nicole S Erler ◽

Jenny A Visser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Related Factors ◽

Original Cohort ◽

Primordial Follicles ◽

Age At Menopause ◽

Over Time

ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) often affects women in their fertile age, and is known to compromise female fertility. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are a proxy for the total number of primordial follicles, and a reliable predictor of the age at menopause. Our objective was to study the longitudinal intra-individual decline of serum AMH levels in female RA patients.MethodsFemale RA patients from a nationwide prospective cohort (2002–2008) were re-assessed in 2015–2016. Serum AMH levels were measured using the picoAMH assay and compared with healthy controls. A linear mixed model (LMM) was built to assess the effect of RA-related clinical factors on the decline of AMH levels.ResultsA group of 128 women were re-assessed at an age of 42.6±4.4 years, with a median disease duration of 15.8 (IQR 12.7–21.5) years. The time between first and last AMH assessments was 10.7±1.8 (range 6.4–13.7) years. Participants represented a more fertile selection of the original cohort. At follow-up, 39% of patients had AMH levels below the 10th percentile of controls (95% CI 31% to 48%), compared with 16% (95% CI 9.3% to 22%) at baseline. The LMM showed a significant decline of AMH with increasing age, but no significant effect of RA-related factors on AMH.ConclusionAMH levels in RA patients showed a more pronounced decline over time than expected, supporting the idea that in chronic inflammatory conditions, reproductive function is compromised, resulting in a faster decline of ovarian function over time and probably an earlier age at menopause.

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Feeding and eating problems in children and adolescents with autism: A scoping review

Autism ◽

10.1177/1362361321995631 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136236132199563

Author(s):

Jessica Baraskewich ◽

Kristin M von Ranson ◽

Adam McCrimmon ◽

Carly A McMorris

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Food Presentation ◽

Eating Problems ◽

Feeding Problems ◽

Picky Eating ◽

Food Avoidance ◽

Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽

Almost All ◽

Specific Food

Feeding problems, such as picky eating and food avoidance, are common in youth with autism. Other feeding and eating problems (e.g. disordered eating, fear of trying new foods, and insistence on specific food presentation) are also common in this population. This scoping review describes the nature and extent of feeding and eating problems in autistic youth and reports characteristics of autistic youth who experience such issues. Thirty-four studies were included in the current review, with almost all studies (91%) investigating feeding problems. Only 9% of studies examined concern with weight, shape, and/or body image, but several authors noted that disordered eating attitudes and behaviors may occur more frequently in those with autism than their peers without autism. No common individual characteristics (e.g. cognitive functioning and autism symptom severity) were identified for youth who experience feeding or eating problems. Although differentiating “feeding” from “eating” problems is critical for accurate identification and treatment of these issues, the existing literature has failed to do so. We propose that in future research “eating problems” be used when behaviors involve preoccupation with food, eating, or body image, and “feeding problems” be used when such preoccupation is absent. Lay abstract Feeding problems, such as picky eating and food avoidance, are common in youth with autism. Other, broader difficulties with feeding and eating (eating disorder symptoms such as restricting food intake or preoccupation with body shape or weight and insistence on specific food presentation) are also common in autistic individuals. Here, we describe the nature and extent of feeding and eating problems in youth with autism. We found no common characteristics (such as severity of autism symptoms) that best describe autistic youth who experience problems with feeding or eating. Almost all studies we reviewed focused on problems with feeding (selective or picky eating), and only a few studies focused on eating disorder symptoms (concern with weight, shape, and/or body image). However, some researchers reported that eating disorder symptoms may occur more often in autistic individuals compared to their peers without autism. Many studies used the terms “feeding” and “eating” problems interchangeably, but understanding the difference between these problems is important for researchers to be consistent, as well as for proper identification and treatment. We suggest future researchers use “eating problems” when behaviors involve preoccupation with food, eating, or body image, and “feeding problems” when this preoccupation is absent. We highlight the importance of understanding whether feeding or eating problems are separate from autism traits, and the role of caregivers and other adults in the child’s treatment. Considerations for health-care providers to assist with diagnosis and treatment are also provided.

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Binge eating disorder, anxiety, depression and body image in grade III obesity patients

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462002000400004 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 165-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Maria Isabel R Matos ◽

Luciana S Aranha ◽

Alessandra N Faria ◽

Sandra R G Ferreira ◽

Josué Bacaltchuck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Binge Eating Disorder ◽

High Frequency ◽

Body Image Disturbances ◽

Severely Obese ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Grade Iii

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) or Binge Eating episodes (BINGE), anxiety, depression and body image disturbances in severely obese patients seeking treatment for obesity. METHOD: We assessed 50 patients (10M and 40F) with Body Mass Index (BMI) between 40 and 81.7 Kg/m² (mean 52.2±9.2 Kg/m²) and aging from 18 to 56 years (mean 38.5±9.7). Used instruments: Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns <FONT FACE=Symbol>¾</FONT> Revised (QEWP-R) for BED or BINGE assessment, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depressive symptoms, State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-TRAIT and STAI-STATE) for anxiety and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) for body image assessments. RESULTS: In this population BED and BINGE frequencies were 36% and 54%, respectively. Symptoms of depression were detected in 100% while severe symptomatology was found in 84% of the cases. The frequency of anxiety as a trait was 70%, as a state, 54% and 76% of all patients reported discomfort regarding body image. The frequency of BED was higher in patients with higher anxiety scores as a personality trait (>40) but not as a state (46% vs. 13%; p<0,05). A high frequency of BINGE was found in those with higher scores (>140) in the BSQ assessment. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate a high frequency of binge eating episodes, severe depressive symptoms, anxiety and concern with body image in grade III obesity patients.

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Anorexia Nervosa and Depression in a Woman Blind since the Age of Nine Months

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674379303800701 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 38 (7) ◽

pp. 469-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Clifford W. Sharp

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Food Intake ◽

Older Women ◽

The Body ◽

Atypical Presentation ◽

History Of

A woman aged 58 who has been blind since the age of nine months presented with major depression and a 40 year history of an eating disorder characterized by a restriction of food intake and body disparagement. The case is additional evidence that a specifically visual body image is not essential for the development of anorexia nervosa and supports the view that the concept of body image is unnecessary and unproductive in eating disorders. Greater emphasis should be placed on attitudes and feelings toward the body, and the possibility of an eating disorder should be considered in cases of older women with an atypical presentation.

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#SocialMedia: Exploring the Relationship of Social Networking Sites on Body Image, Self-Esteem, and Eating Disorders

Social Media + Society ◽

10.1177/2056305117704407 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 205630511770440 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sara Santarossa ◽

Sarah J. Woodruff

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Social Networking ◽

Social Networking Sites ◽

Online Survey ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Social Networking Site ◽

Dependent Relationship ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate whether problematic social networking site (SNS) use (i.e., degree of dependent relationship with SNSs), total SNS time/day, total SNS friends, and specific SNS activities were related to body image (BI), self-esteem (SE), and eating disorder (ED) symptoms/concerns. A sample of young adults ( N = 147) completed an online survey which measured SNS usage, problematic SNS use, BI, SE, and ED symptom/concerns. The findings revealed that females and males spent 4.1 ± 3.9 and 2.9 ± 2.8 hr on SNS, respectively, with the majority of time spent lurking (i.e., looking at another users’ profile but not actually communicating with them). Furthermore, problematic SNS use was found to be related to BI, SE, and ED symptoms/concerns. Moreover, SNS activities, such as lurking and posting comments on others’ profiles, were found to be related to BI, whereas SNS total time was found to be related to ED symptoms/concerns. Overall, this study demonstrates the possible correlational influence of SNSs on BI, SE, and ED symptoms/concerns.

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