DNA barcode sheds light on species boundaries in the common morphologically variable rove beetle Quedius umbrinus-complex that puzzled taxonomists for more than a century (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Maria Salnitska ◽  
Alexey Solodovnikov
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Rove Beetle ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Erythraeid larvae parasitizing dragonflies in Zambia—description of Leptus (Leptus) chingombensis sp. nov. with data on biology and ecology of host-parasite interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Rafał Bernard ◽  
Magdalena Felska ◽  
Joanna Mąkol
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Host Parasite

A survey of odonate fauna in Zambia (Central Province, Luano District) resulted in discovery of ectoparasitic larvae of Leptus (L.) chingombensis sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Parasitengona, Erythraeidae) on four species of dragonflies (Odonata) representing four different families assigned to Zygoptera and Anisoptera. The morphological characteristics of the new species is supported with DNA barcode sequence. Despite some intra-group variation related to relatively large sample, the morphological and genetic consistence confirm the common specific identity of the material. A brief comparison of Leptus spp. hitherto known from the Afrotropic as larvae is given. Supplementary data to the descriptions of Leptus (L.) bicristatus Fain et Elsen, 1987, Leptus (L.) aldonae Haitlinger, 1987 and Leptus (L.) soddagus Haitlinger, 1990, based on examination of type material, are provided. In the case of L. (L.) chingombensis sp. nov., the parasite load reached high, previously not recorded for Odonata–terrestrial Parasitengona association values, attaining at 44 and 49 larvae. Clear topic preferences towards the ventral side of the host’s body were recorded, with an additional tendency to distal parts of synthorax and the ventral depression of the abdomen. We hypothesize that the infestation did not take place synchronously at dragonflies emergence, but consisted in repeated infestation events during the recurrent appearance of dragonflies in the contact microhabitat occupied by Leptus. The very local character of the finding along with the regular appearance of larvae parasitizing dragonflies, obviously favoured by specific habitat conditions, no doubts confirms the non-accidental nature of the phenomenon.

scholarly journals A DNA barcode-based survey of terrestrial arthropods in the Society Islands of French Polynesia: host diversity within the SymbioCode Project

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibault Ramage ◽  
Patricia Martins-Simoes ◽  
Gladys Mialdea ◽  
Roland Allemand ◽  
Anne Duplouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Natural Laboratory

We report here on the taxonomic and molecular diversity of 10 929 terrestrial arthropod specimens, collected on four islands of the Society Archipelago, French Polynesia. The survey was part of the ‘SymbioCode Project’ that aims to establish the Society Islands as a natural laboratory in which to investigate the flux of bacterial symbionts (e.g., Wolbachia) and other genetic material among branches of the arthropod tree. The sample includes an estimated 1127 species, of which 1098 included at least one DNA-barcoded specimen and 29 were identified to species level using morphological traits only. Species counts based on molecular data emphasize that some groups have been understudied in this region and deserve more focused taxonomic effort, notably Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. Some taxa that were also subjected to morphological scrutiny reveal a consistent match between DNA and morphology-based species boundaries in 90% of the cases, with a larger than expected genetic diversity in the remaining 10%. Many species from this sample are new to this region or are undescribed. Some are under description, but many await inspection by motivated experts, who can use the online images or request access to ethanol-stored specimens.

Cryptic speciation and species diversity among Australian and New Zealand hornwort taxa of Megaceros (Dendrocerotaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Christine Cargill ◽  
Nicole G. F. Vella ◽  
Ish Sharma ◽  
Joseph T. Miller
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Cryptic Speciation ◽  
Macquarie Island ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
The Common ◽  
A New Species

Recent molecular studies have redefined families and genera within the anthocerotes, but species boundaries are only now being revised. Monophyly of Australian and New Zealand taxa within the genus Megaceros Campb., which share the same spore and similar gametophyte morphology, was assessed. On the basis of sequence data, mainland Australian lineages are not monophyletic but are interspersed with New Zealand lineages. There are three species present in Australia, including the common and widespread M. gracilis (Reichardt) Steph., the widespread tropical M. flagellaris (Mitt.) Steph., recognised by its tesselated spores, and a new species, M. austronesophilus, found only in Tasmania and Macquarie Island. None of the currently recognised New Zealand taxa is conspecific with any of the Australian taxa. However, New Zealand lineages were found to be genetically and morphologically more diverse than is currently recognised.

scholarly journals Testing the reliability of standard and complementary DNA barcodes for the monocot subfamily Alooideae from South Africa

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas H. Daru ◽  
Michelle van der Bank ◽  
Abubakar Bello ◽  
Kowiyou Yessoufou
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Data Set ◽  
As Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Combined Data

Although a standard DNA barcode has been identified for plants, it does not always provide species-level specimen identifications for investigating important ecological questions. In this study, we assessed the species-level discriminatory power of standard (rbcLa + matK) and complementary barcodes (ITS1 and trnH-psbA) within the subfamily Alooideae (Asphodelaceae), a large and recent plant radiation, whose species are important in horticulture yet are threatened. Alooideae has its centre of endemism in southern Africa, with some outlier species occurring elsewhere in Africa and Madagascar. We sampled 360 specimens representing 235 species within all 11 genera of the subfamily. With three distance-based methods, all markers performed poorly for our combined data set, with the highest proportion of correct species-level specimen identifications (30%) found for ITS1. However, when performance was assessed across genera, the discriminatory power varied from 0% for all single markers and combinations in Gasteria to 63% in Haworthiopsis, again for ITS1, suggesting that DNA barcoding success may be related to the evolutionary history of the lineage considered. Although ITS1 could be a good barcode for Haworthiopsis, the generally poor performance of all markers suggests that Alooideae remains a challenge. As species boundaries within Alooideae remain controversial, we call for continued search for suitable markers or the use of genomics approaches to further explore species discrimination in the group.

Vergleichende untersuchungen zur wehrchemie und drüsenmorphologie abdominaler abwehrdrüsen von kurzflüglern aus dem subtribus philonthina (coleoptera, staphylinidae) / Comparative investigations on defensive chemistry and gland morphology of abdominal defensive glands from rove beetles of the subtribe philonthina (coleoptera, staphylinidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Dettner
Keyword(s):  
Minor Components ◽  
Rove Beetles ◽  
Defensive Chemistry ◽  
Rove Beetle ◽  
Defensive Glands ◽  
The Common ◽  
Main Component ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vergleichende Untersuchungen ◽  
Gland System

Within the rove beetle subtribe Philonthina (Staphylinidae) there are found paired abdominal defensive glands which show a bipartition and are characterized by an unique, evaginable evaporation tissue which is described for the first time. The gland chemistry is found to be characterized by at least 27 compounds. The main component is represented by the alkaloid actinidine, minor components are iridodial, three possible monoterpenoid iridodial precursors, an octadecenole and two series o f hydrocarbons and acetates which are partly branched and unsaturated. It could be shown, that the separated gland of the evaporation tissue, whose evagination was studied, has no different synthetic abilities as compared with the main gland system. Chemotaxonomic results according to Hennig’s principle reveal an isolated position of the rove beetle tribe Quediini within the subfamilies X antholininae and Staphylininae. The morphologically unique defensive gland of the Xantholininae may be homologized with other abdominal glands of the Staphylinina and Philonthina, based on the common presence of iridoid defensive components

scholarly journals Molecular authentication of Pargo fillets Lutjanus purpureus (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) by DNA barcoding reveals commercial fraud

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Veneza ◽  
Raimundo Silva ◽  
Leilane Freitas ◽  
Sâmia Silva ◽  
Kely Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Product Label ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Consumer Rights ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
And Control ◽  
National Trade

ABSTRACT The Caribbean Red Snapper (Pargo) Lutjanus purpureus is the most economically important snapper in Brazil, which is sold, among other forms, as frozen fillets. During the process of transformation into fillets there is the removal of the distinctive morphological traits, being able to favor the substitution by less valued species. In addition, there is no national legislation requiring the insertion of the specific name on the product label. However, according to a Normative Instruction (IN N ° 29/2015 MAPA) that correlates the common and specific names of the products destined to the national trade, in Brazil only L. purpureus and L. campechanus can be denominated “Pargo”. Thus, the DNA barcode tool was used to identify the fillets sold in north of Brazil, labeled “Pargo”, with the aid of sequences from the public and control databases. The results showed that among 142 fillets examined, 78% was identified as L. purpureus and 22% as Rhomboplites aurorubens, a snapper with low commercial value in the country, revealing commercial fraud. The molecular identification method successfully used in this study to authenticate fillets snappers may also be used by surveillance authorities in the quality control of processed fish products, towards ensuring consumer rights.

scholarly journals A next generation approach to species delimitation reveals the role of hybridization in a cryptic species complex of corals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Quattrini ◽  
Tiana Wu ◽  
Keryea Soong ◽  
Ming-Shiou Jeng ◽  
Yehuda Benayahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Evolutionary Diversification

AbstractBackgroundOur ability to investigate processes shaping the evolutionary diversification of corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) is limited by a lack of understanding of species boundaries. Discerning species has been challenging due to a multitude of factors, including homoplasious and plastic morphological characters and the use of molecular markers that are either not informative or have not completely sorted. Hybridization can also blur species boundaries by leading to incongruence between morphology and genetics. We used traditional DNA barcoding and restriction-site associated DNA sequencing combined with coalescence-based and allele-frequency methods to elucidate species boundaries and simultaneously examine the potential role of hybridization in a speciose genus of octocoral, Sinularia.ResultsSpecies delimitations using two widely used DNA barcode markers, mtMutS and 28S rDNA, were incongruent with one another and with the morphospecies identifications, likely due to incomplete lineage sorting. In contrast, 12 of the 15 morphospecies examined formed well-supported monophyletic clades in both concatenated RAxML phylogenies and SNAPP species trees of >6,000 RADSeq loci. DAPC and Structure analyses also supported morphospecies assignments, but indicated the potential for two additional cryptic species. Three morphologically distinct species pairs could not, however, be distinguished genetically. ABBA-BABA tests demonstrated significant admixture between some of those species, suggesting that hybridization may confound species delimitation in Sinularia.ConclusionsA genomic approach can help to guide species delimitation while simultaneously elucidating the processes generating diversity in corals. Results support the hypothesis that hybridization is an important mechanism in the evolution of Anthozoa, including octocorals, and future research should examine the contribution of this mechanism in generating diversity across the coral tree of life.

scholarly journals Contrasting morphological and DNA barcode-suggested species boundaries among shallow-water amphipod fauna from the southern European Atlantic coast

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Lobo ◽  
Maria S. Ferreira ◽  
Ilisa C. Antunes ◽  
Marcos A.L. Teixeira ◽  
Luisa M.S. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Corophium Multisetosum

In this study we compared DNA barcode-suggested species boundaries with morphology-based species identifications in the amphipod fauna of the southern European Atlantic coast. DNA sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode region (COI-5P) were generated for 43 morphospecies (178 specimens) collected along the Portuguese coast which, together with publicly available COI-5P sequences, produced a final dataset comprising 68 morphospecies and 295 sequences. Seventy-five BINs (Barcode Index Numbers) were assigned to these morphospecies, of which 48 were concordant (i.e., 1 BIN = 1 species), 8 were taxonomically discordant, and 19 were singletons. Twelve species had matching sequences (<2% distance) with conspecifics from distant locations (e.g., North Sea). Seven morphospecies were assigned to multiple, and highly divergent, BINs, including specimens of Corophium multisetosum (18% divergence) and Dexamine spiniventris (16% divergence), which originated from sampling locations on the west coast of Portugal (only about 36 and 250 km apart, respectively). We also found deep divergence (4%–22%) among specimens of seven species from Portugal compared to those from the North Sea and Italy. The detection of evolutionarily meaningful divergence among populations of several amphipod species from southern Europe reinforces the need for a comprehensive re-assessment of the diversity of this faunal group.

scholarly journals Using Genealogical Concordance and Coalescent-Based Species Delimitation to Assess Species Boundaries in the Diaporthe eres Complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Sandra Hilário ◽  
Micael F. M. Gonçalves ◽  
Artur Alves
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Phylogenetic Species ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Genealogical Concordance ◽  
The Common

DNA sequence analysis has been of the utmost importance to delimit species boundaries in the genus Diaporthe. However, the common practice of combining multiple genes, without applying the genealogical concordance criterion has complicated the robust delimitation of species, given that phylogenetic incongruence between loci has been disregarded. Despite the several attempts to delineate the species boundaries in the D. eres complex, the phylogenetic limits within this complex remain unclear. In order to bridge this gap, we employed the Genealogical Phylogenetic Species Recognition principle (GCPSR) and the coalescent-based model Poisson Tree Processes (PTPs) and evaluated the presence of recombination within the D. eres complex. Based on the GCPSR principle, presence of incongruence between individual gene genealogies, i.e., conflicting nodes and branches lacking phylogenetic support, was evident. Moreover, the results of the coalescent model identified D. eres complex as a single species, which was not consistent with the current large number of species within the complex recognized in phylogenetic analyses. The absence of reproductive isolation and barriers to gene flow as well as the high haplotype and low nucleotide diversity indices within the above-mentioned complex suggest that D. eres constitutes a population rather than different lineages. Therefore, we argue that a cohesive approach comprising genealogical concordance criteria and methods to detect recombination must be implemented in future studies to circumscribe species in the genus Diaporthe.

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