Social norms, gender identity, and high-earning wives’ housework behavior in Japan: An identity economics framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ando
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
High Earning ◽  
Identity Economics

Cute Girls, Tough Boys

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gueydan-Turek
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Form Of Expression ◽  
The Way

This article explores the way in which masculinity and femininity are constructed in Algerian manga, an emerging, understudied sub-genre within the field of Algerian graphic art. Through the exploration of youth-oriented publications of shōjo and shōnen manga, I will demonstrate how these new local works offer a privileged form of expression for and platform to address disaffected Algerian youths. The primary focus of this investigation will be the differences (or lack thereof) between ideals of gender performances as expressed in Algerian manga and ideals of gender identity in society at large. This article will demonstrate that, while some differences manifest a desire for change on the part of both artists and readers, they certainly do not constitute radical revisions of the popular Algerian notions of masculinity and femininity. Ultimately, this study will demonstrate the limits of manga as an imported genre within an Arab-Islamic context, oscillating between the promulgation of alternative social ideals and the reinforcement of social norms.

scholarly journals MASCULINITY AS AN IDENTITY AND AS A CLUSTER OF TRAITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Renata Zieminska
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
The Self ◽  
Simple Idea ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Binary Model ◽  
Third Person ◽  
First Person Perspective ◽  
Third Person Perspective

The paper presents the concept of masculinity within the non-binary and multilayered model of gender/sex traits. Within that model, masculinity is not a simple idea, but rather is fragmented into many traits in diverse clusters. The experience of transgender men and men with intersex traits suggests that self-determined male gender identity is a mega trait that is sufficient for being a man. However, masculinity is not only psychological, as the content of the psychological feeling of being a man refers to social norms about how men should be and behave. And male coded traits are described as traits that frequently occur within the group of people identifying as men. Therefore, I claim that there are two interdependent ideas in the concept of masculinity: the self-determined male gender identity (first-person perspective) and a cluster of traits coded as male (third-person perspective). Within non-binary model the interplay between the two interdependent ideas allows to include borderline masculinities.

scholarly journals Fighting Gendered Battles: On Being a Woman in a Contemporary Gaming Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-142
Author(s):  
Saralyn McKinnon-Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Liminal Space ◽  
Scholarly Personal Narrative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Male Dominated

This scholarly personal narrative (Nash 2004) draws on the author’s experiences as a woman in a male-dominated gaming community. In such a space, being a woman who plays the game problematizes notions of gender for both the author and for her most-often male opponents. When playing the game, she operates in a liminal space between expert and outsider because of her gender identity. At the same time, her gender troubles her men opponents. She discusses her struggles for acceptance in this community and how her notions and enactment of gender have changed as a result of her experiences. In the article, the author explains the social norms of the game and the demographic breakdown of the game’s players; to accomplish this, the author shares stories from her time as a player.

scholarly journals A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Childhood Narratives and the Construction of Gender Identity: A Sociocultural Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Maha H. Alsoraihi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Childhood Narratives ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Definition Of

This paper recognizes various concepts about gender identity in early childhood narratives by analyzing memories and stories expressed by men and women participating in this study. Such analyses assert the fact that cultural norms’ influence on gender identity is a very complex process. Linguistic ethnography (LE) researchers have always considered language as a starting point that leads to the study of the interactions between cultural, social norms, and language. This paper is placing a noticeable emphasis on detailed analyses of recorded data of interactions as primary source for displaying and constructing gender identities via social norms differences or similarities. This study emphasizes the effect of cultural differences and how they are placed at the center of other social processes involving gender identities and cultural outcome through daily interactions. Knowledge of the concept of social reality across different fields will eventually lead to key answers of questions about how this reality is constructed, reproduced, and manifested in various social, historical, political, and socio-economic settings. This paper manifests the definition of LE which is a field that is recognized by combining both ethnography and linguistic characteristics, where ethnography lies within the researcher’s attempt to analyze communicative practices within the social norms of a particular community. Through participants’ voices, events and views, their gender identity is perceived and constructed.

scholarly journals Education, Pedagogy, and Identity: The notion of historical, political, and sociopolitical experiences of Indonesia in educational research

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Wipsar Siwi Dona Ikasari
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
New Order ◽  
Ancient Time ◽  
Old Order

Schooling and education are situated contexts to understand issues of identity, culture, representation, and agency (Giroux, 1996). Schools are shaped by specific cultural practices and values which reflect the norms of a particular society for which they have been developed (Hollins, 1996). For example, education and schooling in Indonesia is one of the situated contexts to scrutinize the concept of ‘Indonesian young girls’ and ‘Indonesian schoolgirls’ (Muthali’in, 2001; Blackburn, 2004; Smith-Hefner, 2005). Using the conceptual frameworks of gender, identity and schooling, the schoolgirls identify themselves of being Indonesian girls shaped by their ethnic and religious affiliations. The inextricable link between ethnicity and religion in Indonesia has been continuously shaped within the historical, cultural politics in Indonesia, from the ancient time, the Old Order, New Order, Reformation and Post-Reformation Era. Within the Indonesian context, religious values and social norms hold by the society is important because cultural development contributes to the image of Indonesia as a country (Junarsin, 2009). Keywords: Indonesian schoolgirls, academic achievement, identity, education

Cooperation and obligation in early parent-child relationships

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross A. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Peer Experiences ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Early Parent ◽  
Collaborative Skills ◽  
Parent Child Relationships

Abstract Tomasello's moral psychology of obligation would be developmentally deepened by greater attention to early experiences of cooperation and shared social agency between parents and infants, evolved to promote infant survival. They provide a foundation for developing understanding of the mutual obligations of close relationships that contribute (alongside peer experiences) to growing collaborative skills, fairness expectations, and fidelity to social norms.

Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 4001-4014
Author(s):  
Melanie Weirich ◽  
Adrian Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
First Year ◽  
Space Size ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Description Task

Purpose The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor. Method IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity. Results German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found. Conclusion Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.

The Structure Among Measures of Personality, Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazar Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Inside Out

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study that employed measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms that have been the focus of recent research in individual differences. These measures were given to a sample of participants (N = 1,255) who were enrolled at 25 US colleges and universities. Factor analysis of the correlation matrix produced four factors. Three of these factors corresponded to the domains of Personality/Amoral Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms; one factor, Conservatism, cut across the domains. Cognitive ability showed negative correlation with conservatism and amoral social attitudes. The study also examined gender and ethnic group differences on factor scores. The overall interpretation of the findings is consistent with the inside-out view of human social interactions.

Accentuating Your Masculine Side

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongzeng Bi ◽  
Oscar Ybarra ◽  
Yufang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Agency And Communion

Recent research investigating self-judgment has shown that people are more likely to base their evaluations of self on agency-related traits than communion-related traits. In the present research, we tested the hypothesis that agency-related traits dominate self-evaluation by expanding the purview of the fundamental dimensions to consider characteristics typically studied in the gender-role literature, but that nevertheless should be related to agency and communion. Further, we carried out these tests on two samples from China, a cultural context that, relative to many Western countries, emphasizes the interpersonal or communion dimension. Despite the differences in traits used and cultural samples studied, the findings generally supported the agency dominates self-esteem perspective, albeit with some additional findings in Study 2. The findings are discussed with regard to the influence of social norms and the types of inferences people are able to draw about themselves given such norms.

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