scholarly journals Photosynthetic Units

1968 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg H. Schmid ◽  
Hans Gaffron
Keyword(s):  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Unit ◽  
Saturation Intensity ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
The Right

Leaf tissues of aurea mutants of tobacco and Lespedeza have been shown to have higher photosynthetic capacity per molecule of chlorophyll, a higher saturation intensity, a simpler lamellar structure, and the same quantum yield as their dark green parents. Here we report on the values of photosynthetic units for both types of plants and some algae. The unit has been assumed to be about as uniform and steady in the plant world as the quantum efficiency. The number on which all theoretical discussions have been based so far is 2400 per O2 evolved or CO2 reduced. With dark green plants and algae our determinations of units by means of 40 µsec flashes superimposed on a steady rate of background photosynthesis at 900 ergs cm-2 sec-1 of red light yielded mostly numbers between 2000 and 2700. However, the photosynthetic unit turned out to be very variable, even in these objects. In aurea mutants the unit was distinctly smaller, averaging 600 chl/CO2. By choosing the right combination of colors for flash and background light, units as low as 300 chl/CO2 or 40 chl/e- could be measured consistently. We found five well-defined groups of units composed of multiples of its smallest member. These new findings are discussed in terms of structural entities that double or divide under the influence of far-red light.

scholarly journals The Preferences of Different Cultivars of Lettuce Seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.) for the Spectral Composition of Light

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Barbara Frąszczak ◽  
Monika Kula-Maximenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The spectrum of light significantly influences the growth of plants cultivated in closed systems. Five lettuce cultivars with different leaf colours were grown under white light (W, 170 μmol m−2 s−1) and under white light with the addition of red (W + R) or blue light (W + B) (230 μmol m−2 s−1). The plants were grown until they reached the seedling phase (30 days). Each cultivar reacted differently to the light spectrum applied. The red-leaved cultivar exhibited the strongest plasticity in response to the spectrum. The blue light stimulated the growth of the leaf surface in all the plants. The red light negatively influenced the length of leaves in the cultivars, but it positively affected their number in red and dark-green lettuce. It also increased the relative chlorophyll content and fresh weight gain in the cultivars containing anthocyanins. When the cultivars were grown under white light, they had longer leaves and higher value of the leaf shape index. The light-green cultivars had a greater fresh weight. Both the addition of blue and red light significantly increased the relative chlorophyll content in the dark-green cultivar. The spectrum enhanced with blue light had positive influence on most of the parameters under analysis in butter lettuce cultivars. These cultivars were also characterised by the highest absorbance of blue light.

scholarly journals Koji je administrativni status rimskog naselja na Ilidži? / What was the administrative status of the Roman settlement in Ilidža?

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-178
Author(s):  
Amra Šačić Beća
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Administrative Development ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Urban Complex ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Res Publica

Medicinal sulfuric springs at present-day Ilidža helped to create Roman thermae that gave the Roman municipium the name Aquae. Systematic archaeological examinations conducted by Carl Patch and Esad Pašalić suggest that this Roman  settlement in Ilidža had existed without interruptions from the 1st  to the 4th  century. Based on the comparison of literary sources and the results of archaeologic research and epigraphic inscriptions, this paper will determine the genesis of administrative development of this Roman administrative unit whose administration included the upper course of the Bosna river and the Sarajevo area. This is an attempt at answering the following question: «Can we speak of Aquae in the context of Roman  citizens at all?” Another important question is what methodology should we use to  treat the expression res publica Aquae S(...?) that was carved on the base of Diocletian’s statue discovered in Ilidža. BiH scholarship has so far based its understanding  of this term on Mócsy’s definition of the noun phrase res publica in the context  of “pseudo-municipal” status. The results of analysis of inscriptions found on epigraphic monuments that will be presented in this paper suggest that one should  step away from understanding the phrase res publica as an administrative category. Finally, we should point out that the objective of this paper is to present the territorial and administrative development of Aquae, as it is an exact example of the  Roman municipalization model in the provincial interior. This interior was usually geographically very distant from the most important economic and urban centers  of the Roman Empire that has also left an impact on its cultural and historical development. Systematic archaeological research on the right bank of the Željeznica river  in 2016 and 2017 has revealed several stratigraphic layers which include, among others, the ancient period. These new findings have been discovered more to the  east compared to the previous findings, indicating that the urban complex of Aquae  had been expanding toward the Sarajevo area.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of red light cameras on the right-angle crash involvement of motorcycles

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoong Chor Chin ◽  
Md. Mazharul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Red Light Cameras ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Week-by-week changes in sleep EEG in healthy full-term newborns

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Corsi-Cabrera ◽  
Lourdes Cubero-Rego ◽  
Josefina Ricardo-Garcell ◽  
Thalia Harmony
Keyword(s):  
Full Term ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
The Right

Abstract Spectral analysis of neonatal sleep is useful for studying brain maturation; however, most studies have analyzed conventional broad bands described for awake adults, so a distinct approach for EEG analysis may disclose new findings. Study Objectives To extract independent EEG broad bands using principal component analysis (PCA) and describe week-by-week EEG changes in quiet sleep (QS) and active sleep (AS) during the first 5 weeks of postnatal life in healthy, full-term newborns. Methods Polysomnography of spontaneous sleep was recorded in 60 newborns in 5 groups at 41, 42, 43, 44, and 45 weeks (n = 12 each) postconceptional age (POST-C). QS and AS stages were identified. Absolute power (AP) for 1 Hz bins between 1 and 30 Hz was subjected to PCA to extract independent broad bands. Results PCA rendered three independent broad bands distinct from conventional bands. They explained 82.8% of variance: 2–10 Hz, 10–16 Hz, and 17–30 Hz. ANOVAs (group × age × derivations) showed significant higher power at 2–10 Hz with greater age, higher power in QS than AS in all three bands, and significantly higher AP in the left central region, and in the right occipital and temporal areas, in both sleep stages. Conclusion A different method of analyzing sleep EEG generated new information on brain maturation. The Sigma frequencies identified suggest that sleep spindle maturation begins by at least 41 weeks of POST-C age. Interhemispheric asymmetries during sleep suggest earlier development of the central left region and the right occipital and temporal areas.

Face recognition impairments

1992 ◽  
Vol 335 (1273) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Functional Models ◽  
The Face ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Types Of Error ◽  
Schematic Form

Face recognition impairments are often found in the context of brain injury involving the right cerebral hemisphere. Recognition impairments can be dissociated from impairments affecting the processing of other types of information carried by the face, such as expression. The face recognition impairments themselves take different forms, corresponding to idealized stages or levels of recognition. These types of error can also arise as transitory phenomena in normal everyday life. From these observations, psychologists have proposed functional models that characterize the organization of the face processing system in schematic form. Such models provide useful ways of summarizing what is known. More importantly, they also allow new findings to act as tests of each model’s usefulness by the extent to which they can be readily accommodated or force revision. Examples of this are briefly considered, including delusional misidentification, impaired learning of new faces, disordered attention to faces, ‘covert’ recognition in prosopagnosia, and unawareness of impaired face recognition.

scholarly journals Effects of Growth-Regulatory Chemicals on the Action Spectra for 14C Assimilation and Transport in Sugarcane Leaves

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Alex G. Alexander ◽  
Orlin Biddulph
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Red Light ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Action Spectra ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Quantum Flux ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Chemical Ripening ◽  
14Co2 Atmosphere

Pretreatment of sugarcane with the growth hormone gibberellic acid (GA3) and the growth depressant Polaris [N,N-bis (phosphonomethyl) glycine] significantly altered the action spectra for 14C assimilation and transport by leaf tissues. Leaf segments enclosed in a 14CO2 atmosphere were illuminated with discrete wavelengths of equal quantum flux from 400 to 710 nanometers (nm). Both compounds significantly lowered 14C assimilation in the blue, from 437 to 480 nm. Polaris accentuated a green depression at 550 nm while lowering assimilation peaks in the red at 600-640 nm and at 670 nm. Translocation of 14C, as percentages of the total nuclide assimilated, was vastly increased by both materials in the blue-violet (400 nm) and by GA3 in the blue (437-480 nm). Polaris increased transport from the blue-green to yellow (520-600 nm). A high sensitivity of control plants to far-red light (710 nm) was unaffected by either material. These results support the theory that chemical ripening may involve sugar synthesis and transport processes in addition to growth-regulatory effects in sink tissues.

scholarly journals Synthesis of neutral lipids in chlorella sp. under different light and carbonate conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jazmín-Vanessa Pérez-Pazos ◽  
Pablo Fernández-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Lipids are biomolecules of great scientific and biotechnological interest due to their extensive applications. Microalgae are potential biological systems used in the synthesis of lipids, particularly Chlorella sp., which is characterized by its high lipid content and for having the right profile for the obtainment of biofuel. Lipid production in microalgae is influenced by several physical and chemical factors. Any modification thereof can cause a stress response represented by changes in synthesized lipid composition, varying from one species to another. This paper evaluates the effect of different light wavelengths, photoperiods and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) supply in lipid synthesis in Chlorella sp. In order to do so, the microalgae was grown in Bold's Basal Medium (BBM) at 20ºC with constant aeration and subject to low blue (470 nm) and red (700 nm) light wavelengths, 0,5 g.L-1 and 1,5 g.L-1 concentrations of CaCO3 and 6-hour light, 18-hour darkness (6:18) and 18-hour light, 6-hour darkness (18:6) photoperiods. The results indicate a higher growth rate for microalgae under red light, 0,5 g.L-1 of CaCO3 and a photoperiod of 6:18. On the other hand, lipid production is higher under blue light, 1,5 g.L-1 of CaCO3 and an18:6 photoperiod. Analysis by gas chromatography indicate that the fatty acids in the samples are oleic, linoleic and palmitoleic, which are of recognized importance in the biodiesel industry. This suggests that neutral lipid synthesis can be optimized in two stages: first, by promoting growth and subsequently, by inducing lipid production.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KENAKALAN BERLALU LINTAS PADA REMAJA DAN FAKTOR – FAKTOR PENYEBAB

Jurnal Ecopsy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdi Irawan ◽  
Emma Yuniarrahmah ◽  
Hemy Heryati Anward
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Self Control ◽  
License Plate ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right

ABSTRAK Kenakalan berlalu lintas merupakan salah satu bentuk dari perilaku kenakalan remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku kenakalan berlalu lintas pada remaja di Batulicin dan faktor-faktor penyebabnya. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang remaja laki-laki yang merupakan pelaku kenakalan berlalu lintas di wilayah Batulicin. Teknik penggalian data pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam semi terstruktur dan observasi partisipasi pasif. Hasil analisis dari ketiga subjek, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa gambaran berbagai bentuk kenakalan berlalu lintas yaitu: Tidak memiliki SIM, tidak membawa STNK saat berkendara, tidak menggunakan plat nomor kendaraan, tidak menggunakan helm saat berkendara, tidak memakai kaca spion kanan dan kiri, menggunakan knalpot bersuara nyaring, tidak mengaktifkan fungsi speedo meter, manuver berbahaya, melakukan pelecehan verbal atau perkataan kasar pada pengendara lain, balapan liar, mengebut, menerobos lampu merah, dan berkendara dalam keadaan mabuk. Pada ketiga subjek juga ditemukan faktor yang mempengaruhi kenakalan berlalu lintas yaitu, faktor internal yang meliputi, identitas diri yang negatif, kontrol diri yang rendah, usia awal melakukan kenakalan, jenis kelamin laki-laki, kepercayaan diri rendah, kestabilan emosi kurang, aktualisasi diri terhambat, tidak memiliki model yang baik, penyesuaian sosial yang kurang, perkembangan sosial kurang, dan kurangnya kelekatan pada orang tua,faktor eksternal meliputi, pengaruh teman sebaya yang negatif, prestasi sekolah yang rendah,  status sosial ekonomi menengah kebawah, peran orang tua yang buruk dan kualitas lingkungan sekitar yang buruk. Kata Kunci : Kenakalan, Lalu lintas, Remaja ABSTRACT  Road traffic delinquency is one form of juvenile delinquency. The purpose of this study was to describe the road traffic delinquency behavior in adolescents in Batulicin and the contributing factors. Subjects in this study were three teenagers who were the perpetrators of road traffic delinquency in Batulicin. Data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews and observation of passive participation. It can be concluded from the results of the  analysis that there were some various types of road traffic delinquency, namely not having a driver's license, not carrying vehicle registration when driving, not using the license plate numbers, not wearing helmets while driving, not wearing the right and left rear-view mirrors, applying loud-voiced exhaust, not activating the Speedo meter, doing dangerous maneuvers, delivering verbal harassment or vulgarity on the other riders, wild racing, speeding, running a red light, and driving in a drunken state. There were some factors found in the three subjects that affected the road traffic delinquency. The first was the internal factors that included negative self-identity, low self-control, mischief in early age, male gender, low self-esteem, less emotional stability, hampered self-actualization, lack of good models, less social adjustment, less social development, and lack of attachment to parents. The second was the external factors including negative peer influences, low school performance, middle and lower socioeconomic status, poor parental role and poor quality of the surrounding environment.  Keywords: Delinquency, Traffic, Adolescent

Thin Fluttering Bands: New Findings in the Carotid Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Filipuzzi ◽  
Antonella Ciccale Smit ◽  
Araceli Segovia ◽  
Ana Florencia Malio ◽  
Gisela Killinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Carotid Ultrasound ◽  
Common Location ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and possible clinical impact of the thin fluttering bands detected by carotid ultrasound. This is a prospective, observational study carried out in a single center between 2016 and 2018. A thin fluttering band was defined as a hyperechoic fluttering band detected by ultrasound in the carotid lumen in absence of findings compatible with pattern of dissection. Intraobserver and interobserver variability were carried out. A total of 3440 patients (p) were evaluated by carotid ultrasound, and thin fluttering bands were detected in 118 p (prevalence of 3.43%). The mean age was 58.9 ± 8.5 years and 48 p (40.7%) were male. In total, 97.5% of patients had no symptoms or neurological history. A total of 134 thin fluttering bands were identified (1.13 TFB/p; 104 p with 1 thin fluttering band, 12 p with 2 thin fluttering bands, and 2 p with 3 thin fluttering bands), and 83% of them were visualized from both longitudinal and transversal ultrasound views. Seventy-seven (57.5%) thin fluttering bands were localized on the right side, with the carotid bifurcation as the most common location (127 thin fluttering bands, 94.8%). The mean length of the bands was 5.6 ± 2.6 mm, with no significant differences in size according to the location, intima media thickness, or presence of carotid plaques. No significant interobserver and intraobserver variability was found. In conclusion, we have presented patients with thin fluttering bands, observing a significant prevalence in our population and ruling out a visual artifact. Their relationship with the genesis of atheroma plaques or its possible neurologic impact remains unclear.

scholarly journals New Aspects in the Diagnosis and Therapy of Fetal Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (08) ◽  
pp. 863-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Graupner ◽  
Christian Enzensberger ◽  
Roland Axt-Fliedner
Keyword(s):  
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Left Heart ◽  
Hypoplastic Left Heart ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Parental Counseling ◽  
The Right ◽  
Systemic Ventricle ◽  
Left Heart Syndrome

AbstractFetal hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart disease with a lethal prognosis without postnatal therapeutic intervention or surgery. The aim of this article is to give a brief overview of new findings in the field of prenatal diagnosis and the therapy of HLHS. As cardiac output in HLHS children depends on the right ventricle (RV), prenatal assessment of fetal RV function is of interest to predict poor functional RV status before the RV becomes the systemic ventricle. Prenatal cardiac interventions such as fetal aortic valvuloplasty and non-invasive procedures such as maternal hyperoxygenation seem to be promising treatment options but will need to be evaluated with regard to long-term outcomes. Novel approaches such as stem cell therapy or neuroprotection provide important clues about the complexity of the disease. New aspects in diagnostics and therapy of HLHS show the potential of a targeted prenatal treatment planning. This could be used to optimize parental counseling as well as pre- and postnatal management of affected children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document