Hot Air Circulation Analysis In Tumpeng Dryer Machine With Hole Stage Variation In Every Level Rak

Bananas are some of the most consumed fruits throughout the world, providing metabolizable calories and vitamins for humans, along with many other benefits. However, this fruit tends to be easily degraded by microorganisms and other chemical agents because of the high moisture content. Considering the importance, this work focuses on an experimental study regarding banana fruit drying. For such purpose, whole bananas were hand-peeled and sliced longitudinally and then dried by a hot air circulation oven with air temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C and 70 °C. Measurements of mass, temperature, and dimensions of the sample were done during the drying process. Results of drying, heating, and shrinkage (volume and surface area) kinetics are presented and analyzed. The study revealed that the drying air temperature significantly affected moisture removal, heating, and dimensions’ variation rates, as well as quality of banana fruit. The drying carried out with higher temperature and lower relative humidity of the air gave rise to higher rates of drying, heating and variation of dimensions, and shorter drying time of the product.

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Improving the step of container heating and hot air circulation

2016 International Conference on Advanced Materials for Science and Engineering (ICAMSE) ◽

10.1109/icamse.2016.7840239 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Min-Hsiung Ma ◽

Ku-Chin Lin

Keyword(s):

Hot Air ◽

Air Circulation

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Development and Performance Evaluation of a Multipurpose Dryer

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.745 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 367 ◽

pp. 745-752

Author(s):

C.O. Ilechie ◽

G.F. Aibangbee ◽

S.R. Ogblechi ◽

B.O. Abikoye

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Maximum Heat ◽

Hot Air ◽

Angle Iron ◽

Agricultural Produce ◽

Steel Angle ◽

And Performance ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Drying Chamber

In this work an electrically operated thermostatic multipurpose dryer is developed and evaluated. It measures 2,300mm long, 600mm wide and 1,100mm high and consists of 50mm x 50mm mild steel angle iron and aluminium sheet wrapped all over it. The interior of the dryer is painted black to ensure maximum heat retention within the system for faster drying. The multipurpose dryer is constructed with the incorporation of vents to enable uniform air circulation within the system. This is to facilitate uniform drying of specimens. The development of the dryer is to help minimize losses of agricultural produce by drying them to the required moisture content that will enable them to be kept in storage. The dryer was used to determine the moisture content of coconut meat and it was found to be 53.47% and 1.15% wet and dry basis respectively. The dryer could be used to dry all agricultural produce to the required moisture content that will enable them to be preserved. This is achieved by selecting the appropriate temperature graduated on the dryer. The equipment has hot air at a velocity of 18.7m/s distributed uniformly across specimen trays in the drying chamber. As the hot air passes over agricultural produce in trays, the drying process takes place. It has been found that the multipurpose dryer is suitable for drying agricultural produce and other allied produce to the required moisture content up to a maximum temperature of 1100C. The dryer efficiency was determined to be 75%.

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Optimization of the Frying Temperature and Time for Preparation of Healthy Falafel Using Air Frying Technology

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10112567 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2567

Author(s):

Mohammad Fikry ◽

Ibrahim Khalifa ◽

Rokkaya Sami ◽

Ebtihal Khojah ◽

Khadiga Ahmed Ismail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Fat Content ◽

Frying Temperature ◽

Simplified Models ◽

Frying Process ◽

Hot Air ◽

L Value ◽

Time Periods ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Best Fit

Air-frying is an innovative technique for food frying that uses hot air circulation to prepare healthy products. The objectives of this study were to establish simplified models to reflect the efficacy of the air frying process at varying temperatures and times on the quality attributes of falafel, and to optimize the frying conditions for producing air-fried falafel. Moisture content, color, fat content, hardness, and sensory evaluation of the fried falafel were analyzed under varied temperatures (140 °C, 170 °C, and 200 °C) and time periods (5 min, 10 min, and 15 min). Statistical analysis was then applied to obtain the best fit model that can describe the properties of fried falafel. Results indicated that moisture content, fat content, and L*-value of air-fried falafel were adversely related to the frying temperature and time, but the hardness and ΔE of fried falafel were increased as the frying temperature and time increased. Moreover, an increase followed by a decrease was shown for the appearance, aroma, crispness, taste, and overall preference scores with the increase in frying temperature and time. The regression analysis showed that the proposed models could be properly used for predicting the properties of the fried falafel. In addition, the overlaid plots resulted in the optimum frying temperature of 178.8 °C and time of 11.1 min. Interestingly, the fat content of the air-fried falafel reduced by 45% at optimal frying conditions compared with that for the deep-fat fried one at 180 °C for 7 min (control). In comparison, the air-fried falafel was lower in fat content, higher in hardness with more acceptable appearance and crispness scores than deep-fat fried falafel. Such information could be beneficial to the manufacturers of the falafel to produce an optimal and healthy product.

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Simulation of Natural Ventilation Inside Tunnel Greenhouse

International Journal of Heat and Technology ◽

10.18280/ijht.380320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 752-757

Author(s):

Cherine Lebbal ◽

Saadi Bougoul ◽

Samra Zeroual

Keyword(s):

Turbulent Flows ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Vertical Gradient ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Hot Air ◽

Heated Floor ◽

Volume Method ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Three Dimensional Simulations

A study of the variation of the temperature and the speed under an open greenhouse with and without plant was developed and the effect of the wind speed on the internal climate under the greenhouse was analyzed by the use of the software Fluent-CFD based on the finite volume method. The airflow through the crop was introduced by using the porous medium approach. Three dimensional simulations which described turbulent flows in steady state were carried out and the turbulence was modeled by using the standard k-ε model. The air temperature variation shows a gradient from the sidewalls towards the center of the greenhouse due to the movement of the hot air rising towards the roof and another vertical gradient due to the air circulation above the surface of the heated floor. At the openings, the maximum air velocity was reached and the lowest values are observed in the middle of the greenhouse, at the crop level and at the corners. The variation of the climatic parameters affects greatly the growth of the plant. The results of the simulation given as airflows and temperature patterns are satisfactory while comparing them to those of the literature. These results can help to know the distribution of the internal climate inside the greenhouse, so they facilitate the openings design.

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Extraction assisted by far infrared radiation and hot air circulation with deep eutectic solvent for bioactive polysaccharides from Poriacocos (Schw.) Wolf

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d1gc01773j ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yingying Guo ◽

Yueshan Li ◽

Zicheng Li ◽

Wentao Yan ◽

Peng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Radiation ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Far Infrared ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Hot Air ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Far Infrared Radiation

Poriacocos polysaccharides (PCP) are of high research value by reason of their important biological functions. However, the extraction ways of PCP are limited and its yield is relatively low in...

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An Investigation Into the Drying of Distribution Transformers Using the Hot Air Vacuum Method

10.1115/imece2000-1328 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

R. Gopalan ◽

A. M. Al-Jumaily ◽

P. Leece

Keyword(s):

Energy Savings ◽

Heating Time ◽

System A ◽

Convection Oven ◽

Hot Air ◽

Distribution Transformers ◽

Transfer Capability ◽

Vacuum Method ◽

Drying System ◽

Air Circulation

Abstract A hot air vacuum method with considerable difference in design and constructional features as compared with the conventional process of a normal convection oven has been built and operated for drying transformers up to 1000 kVA, 33 kV. Moisture-equilibrium charts for kraft paper were used for designing the drying system. A high temperature air circulation fan placed inside the vacuum chamber simplified the construction and using air ducts directed at the transformer inside the autoclave improved the heat transfer capability and reduced the heating time for the transformer. A dry vacuum pump used for moisture removal eliminated the need for condensing water vapour before exhausting it into the atmosphere. A mathematical model for predicting the heating and vacuum cycle for distribution transformers in the autoclave has been presented with reasonably accurate results. Experimental results give a 1% or less moisture content in the insulation after dryout in about 10–12 hours. This indicates energy savings over a conventional air circulation process of about 70%.

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TIRAI OTOMATIS BERBASISKAN ARDUINO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR DAN MINAT SISWA TERHADAP TEKNOLOGI PADA SDN 003 BINAAN TANJUNGPINANG BARAT

Jurnal Terapan Abdimas ◽

10.25273/jta.v5i1.4858 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 94

Author(s):

Deny Nusyirwan ◽

Nadhifah Hasi Daiichi ◽

Prasetya Perwira Putra Perdana

Keyword(s):

Design Thinking ◽

Research Process ◽

Main Function ◽

Hot Air ◽

Arduino Uno ◽

Double Diamond ◽

The Right ◽

Air Circulation ◽

Led Lights ◽

Design Council

Abstract. Curtains are a means to regulate air circulation in our homes, control the sunlight that enters the room, maintain privacy in the room, and also as a complement to the interior of the house. As for in school, curtains have the main function as a window cover to avoid excessive lighting so that it can cause hot air so that it disrupts the smooth learning process of students. Therefore, one of the proposed technological innovations is Automatic Curtain based on the LDR sensor (Light Dependent Resistor). Automatic curtain based on LDR sensor (Light Dependent Resistor) is a system design where the LDR sensor when getting light will then pass information to the Arduino microcontroller, then Arduino will give an order to the servo to work closing the curtain. Automatic Curtain based on LDR sensor consists of several main devices, namely Arduino Uno, Micro Servo, Resistor, LED Lights, and several Male to Male Jumper Cables. The research process applies an engineering design process with a double diamond model approach introduced by the British Design Council, which explains the need for user-based design thinking to get an innovation that is the right solution at school. The process begins with social ethnographic research, direct observation in schools to gather information, followed by an outpouring of ideas on problems that exist in schools, determining the main problems in schools, the process of outlining the ideas of solutions given to the main problems and discussions to determine the main solutions. In the next stage is the making of simple prototypes and usability testing to get an evaluation of the solutions givenAbstrak. Tirai merupakan sarana untuk mengatur sirkulasi udara di rumah kita, pengontrol cahaya matahari yang masuk ke dalam ruangan, menjaga privasi yang berada di dalam ruangan, dan juga sebagai pelengkap interior rumah. Adapun di sekolah, tirai memiliki fungsi utama sebagai penutup jendela untuk menghindari pencahayaan yang berlebihan sehingga dapat menimbulkan udara panas sehingga mengganggu kelancaran proses belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, salah satu inovasi teknologi yang diusulkan adalah Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor adalah suatu perancangan sistem dimana sensor LDR apabila mendapat cahaya maka akan meneruskan informasi ke mikrokontroler Arduino, selanjuntya Arduino akan memberikan perintah kepada servo untuk bekerja menutup tirai. Tirai Otomatis berbasis sensor LDR terdiri dari beberapa perangkat utama yaitu Arduino Uno, Micro Servo, Resistor, Lampu LED, dan beberapa Kabel Jumper Male to Male. Proses penelitian menerapkan sebuah proses desain rekayasa dengan pendekatan model double diamond yang telah diperkenalkan oleh British Design Council, dimana menjelaskan akan perlunya design thinking berbasis kepada pengguna untuk mendapatkan sebuah inovasi yang merupakan solusi yang tepat di sekolah. Proses dimulai dengan penelitian secara sosial etnografi, observasi secara langsung di sekolah untuk mengumpulkan informasi, dilanjutkan curahan gagasan terhadap permasalahan yang ada di sekolah, menentukan permasalahan utama di sekolah, proses curahan gagasan solusi yang di berikan terhadap permasalahan utama dan diskusi untuk menentukan solusi utama. Pada tahapan selanjutnya adalah pembuatan purwarupa sederhana dan pengujian kegunaan untuk mendapatkan evaluasi terhadap solusi yang diberikan.

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Utilization of natural resources in supporting eco-interior design

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 905 (1) ◽

pp. 012034

Author(s):

R Widayat ◽

A B Studyanto

Keyword(s):

Problem Solving ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Interior Design ◽

Building Materials ◽

Public Buildings ◽

Hot Air ◽

Natural Building ◽

Air Circulation

Abstract In creating interior designs, most people do not optimize natural resources and the concept of eco-interior design. This causes a lack of comfort such as hot air, lack of light during the day, and noise entering the interior. The question is how to utilize natural resources optimally in supporting interior eco-design. To answer this, identification on several cases with similar problem solving need to be done. The findings can be used as inspirations for the community in constructing public buildings and residences, so that interior designs can be occupied comfortably. The results and discussion found several alternatives namely technical utilization for optimal but not dazzling sunlight, technical use of optimal cross-air circulation in buildings, and utilization of natural building materials that can absorb sound to overcome noise from outside.

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Analisis Tata Ruang Perpustakaan Sekolah

Jurnal Ecogen ◽

10.24036/jmpe.v4i2.11162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 259

Author(s):

Fitry Aryani ◽

Armiati Armiati

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Physical Condition ◽

School Environment ◽

School Library ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Primary Data ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Hot Air ◽

Air Circulation

This study aims to determine the arrangement of the library space in SMA N 5 Solok Selatan and to know the physical and non-physical conditions of the library space in SMA N 5 Solok Selatan. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative methods which have 2 types of data, namely primary data and secondary data. This research instrument uses a list of interview questions and data collection techniques by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation to support the implementation of this research. Based on the research results, it shows that: the library of SMA N 5 Solok Selatan is in line with the function of the school library in general, where the location of the library can be said to be strategic because it is in the middle of a school environment. However, the area of the library building / space is currently categorized as narrow when compared to the large number of students. Then, for the arrangement of the library space is still classified as not paying attention to psychological, functional and aesthetic aspects. Another thing is also seen from the physical condition of the library which is still said to be inadequate, this can be seen from the less bright lighting and the dark and hot air circulation. Meanwhile, the non-physical condition is still incomplete, seen from the lack of furniture and equipment available in the library.

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