scholarly journals Water Budget Estimation in Water Resources Management in Drought Prone Areas in Rayalaseema Region, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 2089 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
T. Kiran Kumar ◽  
K. Niveditha
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Domestic Power ◽  
Effective Water

Abstract Water is a valuable natural resource, fresh water is vital for health and to the economy, and reliable access to it is becoming increasingly important as the India’s population rises. Yet its availability is limited, per capita accessibility of useable water is depleting, but with increasing living standard of people, all around fast industrial development and expansion, necessity of fresh water is raising high continuously. Water audit is a successful tool for minimizing losses, working on different utilizations and in this way empowering water conservation in irrigation, domestic, power and industrial as well. Water audit controls the measure of water lost from a distribution system because of spillage and different reasons like burglary, unapproved withdrawals from the organizations and the cost of such misfortunes to the utility. Water budget is a bookkeeping of all the water that streams into and out of an undertaking region of project area. Water budget gives the financial aspects on the distribution of quantity of water in Rayalaseema region. The study area this paper to calculate the water budget in the study area of 51 Mandal of Rayalaseema region and based on the water quantity analysis to prepare water, soil conservation structures in study area, for effective water management

Analysis of energy efficiency of polder of pumping stations in a Slavsk district of the Kaliningrad region

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Yuriy Spirin ◽  
Vladimir Puntusov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Excess Power ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Domestic Power

In the Kaliningrad region there are about 70 % of all polder lands in Russia. On these lands with high potential fertility, it is advisable to intensive agriculture. The area for the average moisture year is an area with excessive moisture, which indicates the need to maintain the rate of drainage on agricultural land. Many different factors play a role in ensuring the drainage rate, one of which is pumping stations and pumping equipment installed on them. An important parameter in the use of pump-power equipment is energy consumption, since in this industry it is a considerable expense item. Improving the energy efficiency of pumping stations on polders is a pressing issue today. At the majority of polder pumping stations, domestic power pumping equipment is installed with excess power and head of 4–8 meters, and a new one is selected based on the maximum possible head in a given place. In the Kaliningrad region, the energy efficiency of polder pumping equipment has never been analyzed. In this paper, a statistical processing of the geodesic pressure of water at the polder pumping stations of the Slavsk region for 2000–2002 was carried out. On the basis of these data and data on the hydraulic characteristics of pressure pipelines, the calculated water pressures were determined for the rational selection of pumping equipment. The calculation of the economic efficiency of pumps with optimal power compared with pumps of excess capacity. The results of the study can serve as a justification for the transition to the pumping equipment with less power and pressure, which will lead to a decrease in the cost of money for electricity.

The Water Supply and Distribution System of the Nabataean City of Petra (Jordan), 300 bc– ad 300

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Ortloff
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
City Development ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
Design Function

The water supply and distribution system of the Nabataean city of Petra in southwestern Jordan has been explored and mapped. Analysis of the system indicates exploitation of all possible water resources using management techniques that balance reservoir storage capacity with continuous flow pipeline systems to maintain a constant water supply throughout the year. Nabataean Petra was founded c. 300 bc; urban development progressed with later Roman administration of the city starting at ad 106; Byzantine occupation continued to the seventh century ad. Trade networks that extended throughout much of the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world intersected at Petra, and brought not only strategic and economic prominence, but also impetus to develop water resources fully to sustain demands of increasing population and city elaboration. City development was influenced by artistic, cultural and technological borrowings from Seleucid, Syro-Phoenician, Greek and Roman civilizations; the Petra water-distribution system included hydraulic technologies derived from these contacts as well as original technical innovations that helped to maintain the high living standard of city dwellers throughout the centuries. Analysis of the Nabataean water network indicates design criteria that promote stable flows and use sequential particle-settling basins to purify potable water supplies. They also promote open channel flows within piping at critical (maximum) flow rates that avoid leakage associated with pressurized systems and have the design function to match the spring supply rate to the maximum carrying capacity of a pipeline. This demonstration of engineering capability indicates a high degree of cognitive skill in solving complex hydraulic problems to ensure a stable water supply and may be posited as a key reason behind the many centuries of flourishing city life.

scholarly journals RISK OF OVERINVESTMENT IN MUNICIPALITIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Satoła
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Cost And Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Cost

This article describes investment activities of self-government territorial units. Its aim is to present the importance of investments for the provision of public services by municipalities. The opinions of the respondents about the causes of excessive or misguided investments and the ways of reducing their scale were presented. Surveys were conducted in 2015 and the temporal scope of the analysis is 2009–2014. The importance of investments for the provision of public services, shaping the living conditions of inhabitants, and conducting business activity were described. Based on that, overinvestment was identified as a negative trend in public resources management. The most frequent causes of excessive investment are megalomania of the municipality authorities and their desire to gain the support of the inhabitants (voters). Another important aspect is the lack of sufficient social control in the decision-making process regarding investment tasks execution. It was also demonstrated that overinvestment is due to the purpose of spending financial resources, not to the relative amount of investment expenses. Among the actions preventing excessive or misguided investments, the cost and benefit analysis was indicated the most often. Using strategic planning tools is also beneficial for the effectiveness of investing in self-government.

scholarly journals Water budget and its variation in Hutuo River basin predicted with the VIP ecohydrological model

2015 ◽  
Vol 368 ◽  
pp. 460-465
Author(s):  
F. Huang ◽  
X. Mo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Attribution Analysis ◽  
Ecohydrological Model

Abstract. Accurate assessment of water budgets is important to water resources management and sustainable development in catchments. Here the VIP (Vegetation Interface Processes) ecohydrological model is used to estimate the water budget and its influence factors in Hutuo River basin, China. The model runs from 1956 to 2010 with a spatial resolution of 1 km, utilizing remotely sensed LAI data of MODIS. During the study period the canopy transpiration takes up 58% of evapotranspiration over the whole catchment and the fractions of soil and interception evaporation are 36% and 6% respectively. The annual evapotranspiration and streamflow are both declining, mainly resulting from the decrease of annual precipitation. Attribution analysis shows that the contributions of climate change and human activities to the decrease of streamflow are 48% and 52%, respectively.

ABOUT THE RESULTS OF COMPARISON OF THE PROJECTS OF THE «EURASIA» AND «VOLGO-DON 2» CANALS CCORDING TO THE MAIN TECHNICAL PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
I. M. GALIMOV ◽  
◽  
S. N. LEVACHEV ◽  
E. A. AGAFONOVA ◽  
D. D. ALEXANDROVA
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
International Transport ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

The purpose of this article is to compare major infrastructure projects of the water transport connection between the Caspian Sea and the Azov-Black Sea basin –the «Eurasia» canal and the «Volgo-Don 2» canal on the following parameters of comparison: the height of the watershed, the length of the canals, water supply of canals, the conditions and intensity of navigation. The need to build a new shipping canal is due to the projected increase in the volume of cargo transportation from the Caspian Sea that will cause difficulties in the existing Volgo-Don canal. The authors of the study have analyzed and summarized the research materials containing information about the design decisions on the «Eurasia» canals and the second branch of the Volgo-Don shipping canal. Realization of the project canal «Eurasia» will significantly decrease the delivery time of cargoes, including oil from the Caspian Sea and Central Asian countries to the Black and Azov sea; cut the cost of transportation between these regions in comparison with transportation by «VDSC2» (by reducing the length of the waterway); increase in the strategic plan the reliability and safety of water transport links of the two seas basins on parallel directions; create conditions for socio-economic and industrial development of the canal region s. adjacent to the track. In the case of «VDSC-2», the following prospects for construction are highlighted: to ensure the passage of the additional cargo flow expected in connection with the growth of industrial production in Russia in recent years and the corresponding increase in the traffic of industrial and agricultural goods by water transport; to strengthen Russia’s political and economic infl uence on the countries of the southeast region and the European community; to intensify the development of the domestic shipbuilding to create a specialized fl eet for effi cient operation in the conditions of international transportation on internal and external waterways; to increase capacity and, consequently, the economic efficiency of the operation of international transport corridors «North-South» and «East-West».

Development, Prosperity and Aspirations: A Narrative from the Peri-Urban Areas of Noida

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102492110514
Author(s):  
Bhawna Bali ◽  
Neha Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Cost

Urban development at city periphery as a unique process of urbanisation, manifests in distinctive spatial and socio-economic characteristics. The emergence of settlement types—an admixture of rural and urban characteristics—functionally transient between agrarian and non-agrarian economy with pervasive change in land uses and attendant livelihood sources, retreating mode of rural social norms and advancing urban way of life are remarkably obvious in peri-urban landscape of large Indian cities. The resultant socio-economic challenges for peri-urban inhabitants often create chasm between promised development agenda and their aspirations. Delving into the socio-economic transformations on account of land appropriation by the State government for urban and industrial development and ramifications of land negotiations in five peri-urban villages of Noida—this study reveals the discordant side of urbanisation benefitting urban at the cost of rural, and administrative processes which remain oblivious to the aspirations of those whose lands provided the grounds of this development agenda.

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