scholarly journals Application of acoustic microscopy for evaluation of numismatic material

2021 ◽  
Vol 2091 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
Y S Petronyuk ◽  
S A Titov ◽  
V M Levin

Abstract A new non-destructive express method for assessing the authenticity of numismatic material is considered in the paper. Non-destructive methods of pulsed acoustic microscopy in the frequency range of 50-100 MHz were applied. Samples of silver coins dated 1924 and 1979 were examined. The characteristic values of the longitudinal and transverse sonic velocity of the samples were obtained. The method of hydrostatic weighing was used to measure the density of the metal. It was shown that assessment of the authenticity and the safety degree of coins can also be carried out by revealing the internal defects such as corrosion. Acoustic visualization in the reflection mode allows imaging the offset of the obverse relative to the reverse and to determine the centre of the coin deviation, which also confirms the quality of the minting.

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Tomasz Piwowarczyk ◽  
Marcin Korzeniowski ◽  
Dawid Majewski

This article explores the possibilities of using non-destructive ultrasonic techniques to analyze the quality of lapped braze-welded joints. The tests were performed for 4 material groups (DC03+ZE steel and X5CrNi18-19 steel, aluminum alloys AW-5754 and AW-6061, titanium Grade 2 and copper Cu-ETP). As part of the work, additional materials and joint processes and its parameters were selected (TIG, MIG, laser). The quality of joints was monitored using scanning acoustic microscopy. Based on the A-scan andC-scan images, potential joints imperfections were determined. The possibilities of using advanced ultrasonic techniques to analyze the quality of braze joints was assessed.


Author(s):  
A. A. Karabutov ◽  
E. B. Cherepetskaya ◽  
A. N. Kravcov ◽  
M. Arrigoni

Some non-destructive methods for controlling the internal structure of rocks are described and examples of their use are given. Examples of the use of X-ray and neural tomography, scanning electron and acoustic microscopy are also given. It is shown that the method of laser-ultrasound struktroskopii is promising. Two examples of the use of the latter are given: measuring the local porosity of samples of geomaterials and monitoring changes in the internal structure as a result of electromagnetic exposure.


2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 04034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey N. Beskopylny ◽  
Viktor B. Rykov ◽  
Elena M. Zubrilina ◽  
Andrey D. Chistyakov

The problem of quality control of agricultural machinery parts by means of dynamic non-destructive methods of impact indentation of conical shape indenters is considered. Quality of the crucial parts is considered from the point of view of a set of mechanical characteristics that determine the strength, hardness, wear resistance and deformability. These characteristics must be known and be able to control on all the details promptly and accurately both in the manufacturing process and in operation. The mechanical characteristics of metals are stochastic in nature. For this purpose, an impact indentation device was developed, and the method based on probabilistic laws of dispersion of mechanical characteristics is obtained.


Author(s):  
О.В. ФИЛЮШИН ◽  
М.Ю. Костенко ◽  
И.А. Успенский ◽  
И.А. Юхин ◽  
А.И. Ушанев

При механизированной уборке картофеля около 20-40% клубней получают ушибы. В результате повреждений клубней при транспортировке в самосвалах потери углеводов возрастают в 2,5-3 раза по сравнению с транспортировкой в таре; потери витамина С увеличиваются примерно на 10%. Поэтому важно оценить качество клубней картофеля перед закладкой на длительное хранение, что позволит сократить потери картофеля. В настоящее время применяются разрушающие и неразрушающие способы оценки качества клубней картофеля. В первом случае тестируемые клубни для выявления повреждений разрезаются на дольки или подвергаются очистке со снятием определенной толщины слоя. Во втором случае клубни сохраняют целостность. Не разрушающие способы определения повреждений получили наибольшее распространение, так как они дают возможность автоматизировать процессы сортировки клубней. В основу этих способов положены оптические, рентгеновские, акустические, электрические и тепловые свойства клубней картофеля. Недостатком данных способов является то, что они количественно оценивают повреждения клубней, но не дают качественной оценки. Следует отметить, что выявление внешних повреждений эффективно осуществляется с помощью оптических систем, установление внутренних повреждений затруднено из-за скрытости ушибов под относительно неповрежденной поверхностью клубня. При длительном хранении внутренние повреждения являются дополнительной причиной потерь питательных веществ и порчи картофеля. При разгрузке катящийся клубень имеет большую кинетическую энергию в сравнение со скользящим. Поэтому для гашения кинетической энергии используется перегрузочное устройство. В результате проведения теоретических исследований ВП транспортного агрегата с усовершенствованной конструкцией самосвального кузова установлено, что клубневой ворох не падает вниз, а поступает на роликовый транспортер (причем ролики снабжены выступами из упругого материала), что в совокупности сводит возможность травмирования плодов при разгрузке к минимуму (не более 1,6 %). When mechanized potato harvesting, about 20-40% of tubers get bruised. As a result of damage to tubers during transportation in dump trucks, the loss of carbohydrates increases by 2.5...3 times compared to transportation in containers, and the loss of vitamin C increases by about 10%. Therefore, it is important to assess the quality of potato tubers before laying for long-term storage, which will reduce potato losses. Currently, destructive and non-destructive methods are used to assess the quality of potato tubers. In the first case, the tested tubers are cut into slices to detect damage or are cleaned with the removal of a certain layer thickness. In the second case, the tubers remain intact. Non-destructive methods for determining damage are the most common, since they make it possible to automate the processes of sorting tubers. These methods are based on the optical, x-ray, acoustic, electrical and thermal properties of potato tubers. The disadvantage of these methods is that they quantify damage to tubers, but do not give a qualitative assessment. It should be noted that the detection of external injuries is effectively carried out using optical systems, the establishment of internal injuries is difficult due to the concealment of bruises under the relatively intact surface of the tuber. When stored for a long time, internal damage is an additional cause of loss of nutrients and spoilage of potatoes.Thus, a rolling tuber has a greater kinetic energy compared to a sliding tuber. Therefore, an overload device is used to extinguish the kinetic energy.Graph 7 shows that the tuber gradually slows down as it moves through the reloading device. As the angle of the reloading device decreases, the tuber speed will decrease. At the set speed of the tuber, the angle of inclination will be 27 degrees, the number of rollers is 16.


2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rodríguez ◽  
J. L. Gascón

SummaryThe characterisation of alpha-emitting nuclides in low and medium level radioactive waste from Spanish nuclear power reactors leads to several difficulties because they cannot be assayed by non-destructive methods due to their low concentration. Thus, long and complex radiochemical procedures are required.In this paper an alternative method for establishing a sufficiently accurate and reliable inventory of long-lived alpha emitting nuclides, is described. The method is based on the application of the factors obtained by correlating the gross alpha activity and the concentration ofSeveral statistical tests are performed to evaluate the validity of the assumed relationship and the quality of the correlation. Also, uncertainties are calculated for the parameters of the linear equation relating the concentrations.This work has been performed in the framework of the CIEMAT-ENRESA Association Agreement.


Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany El-Mesery ◽  
Hanping Mao ◽  
Abd Abomohra

The quality and safety of food is an increasing concern for worldwide business. Non-destructive methods (NDM), as a means of assessment and instrumentation have created an esteemed value in sciences, especially in food industries. Currently, NDM are useful because they allow the simultaneous measurement of chemical and physical data from food without destruction of the substance. Additionally, NDM can obtain both quantitative and qualitative data at the same time without separate analyses. Recently, many studies on non-destructive detection measurements of agro-food products and final quality assessment of foods were reported. As a general statement, the future of using NDM for assessing the quality of food and agricultural products is bright; and it is possible to come up with interesting findings through development of more efficient and precise imaging systems like the machine vision technique. The present review aims to discuss the application of different non-destructive methods (NDM) for food quality and safety evaluation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hoła

Abstract The article presents original methodology of testing the moisture content of brick walls in buildings. It was developed on the basis of own experience acquired during testing the moisture content in many excessively wet buildings erected in various historical periods. The tests were conducted using different methods, including non-destructive methods. To emphasize the importance of the problem, an overview of the methodology was preceded by a brief presentation of the causes and negative effects of excessive moisture and salinity in brick walls. In addition, the article is illustrated with an example of the effects of moisture content tests carried out according to the developed methodology on a facility from the fourteenth century. According to the author, knowledge of the presented methodology, and its application, should contribute to both the improvement of the quality of conducted research and the credibility of the obtained results.


2013 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Ying Xu ◽  
Shu Yuan Gao ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Yun Wang

The inner structure and defects of the silicon panel will influence the transfer efficiency and the stability of the polycrystalline solar cells, thus the non-destructive testing of the silicon panel is very important. In this paper, a Scan Acoustic Microscopy is applied to test the inner structure of polycrystalline silicon solar panel. From the grey image of C-Scan by the microscopy, the amplitude distribution of the bottom wave generated by the interaction between the inner grains of the polycrystalline silicon and the acoustic beam can be seen clearly. Furthermore, the defects as well as their size and position can also be tested by A-Scan, B-Scan and C-Scan with high resolution and high accuracy. The experiment results show that it is a good non-destructive method to test and evaluate the quality of the inner structure of polycrystalline silicon solar panel.


2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Korzeniowski ◽  
B. Białobrzeska

AbstractThe article presents the possibilities of using acoustic microscopy to evaluate defects in resistance spot welding joints. For this purpose, the welded joints were made from two grades of aluminium plates EN AW5754 H24 and EN AW6005 T606, which were then subjected to non-destructive testing using acoustic microscopy and conventional destructive testing using traditional light microscopy techniques. Additionally, the study examined the influence of the typical contaminants found in industrial conditions on the quality of the joint.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Suthami Ariessaputra ◽  
Cahyo Mustiko Muvianto ◽  
Kurniawan Yuniarto ◽  
Sudi Mariyanto Al Sasongko ◽  
Syafaruddin Ch

Mango is one of the agricultural products in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The quality of post-harvest mangoes also needs to be known so that the quality produced can be maintained. Fruit quality in the tropics can be seen from the respiration rate, hardness, weight loss, total soluble content (TSC), discoloration and acid content. In addition, the quality of post-harvest mangoes can also be detected using sensors that emit microwaves with a certain value. This technique is non-destructive so it does not damage the object used. Double-ring resonators are used as sensors to detect the characteristics of mangoes. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is used as a tool to produce S11 and S21 skatering values, then the skatering values are processed into dielectric values. The test was carried out on the type of Gincong Gincu Mango which was divided into 4 categories, namely ripe mango on the tree, very ripe, thick and raw. Double ring resonator sensor can detect and distinguish the maturity level of mangoes based on the value of S21 in the frequency range of 0.39 to 0.49 GHz. In that frequency range, the average gain value of ripe on tree is -21.4 dB, over ripe is -22.8 dB, early ripe is -25.4 dB and unrip mango is -33.4 dB. While the characterization of mangoes using impedance values can be seen in the frequency range of 0.41 - 0.47 GHz. The average impedance value of ripe on tree is about 0.073, over ripe is about 0.067, early ripe is about 0.057 and unripe mangos is about 0.032


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