scholarly journals The influence of different aged Black Saxaul plants on distribution, growth and accumulation of aboveground phytomass of Poa Bulboza L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 012163
Author(s):  
Sh Ubaydullayev ◽  
N Shamsutdinov ◽  
L Yoziyev ◽  
A Kurbanov ◽  
Sh. Yuldashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Black Saxaul

FEATURES OF SALTS MIGRATION IN DELTAIC ECOSYSTEMS

1970 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
М. I. Dzhalalova ◽  
P. А. Abdurashidova ◽  
R. М. Zagidova
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Salt Composition ◽  
Material Resource ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Material Energy ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Pasture Plants ◽  
Salinity Seawater

The coastal strip of the northwestern Caspian is characterized by hydromorphism and salinization processes which depending on the Caspian piled-up water, groundwater salinity, seawater, and salt composition of the underlying rocks. The migrational salts capability in deltoic ecosystem components in dynamic over the main representatives of pasture plants occurring in the Western Caspian and playing an important role in developing the theoretical foundations of a system of measures to increase the productivity of cover crop have studied. Salts migration from soil layers into plants which taking place in synthesis of material-energy and material resource of environment is one of the chains of bio-substrat links. The research results confirm the data that the ash elements stock in the ephemeral-absinthial group varies from 21.5 to 64.5 kg per 1 ha. The organogens prevail in them – 944 kg / ha, K is dominant, then Ca and Mg. The amount of halogens is 7.05 kg / ha, of which Cl portion includes 3.31 and Na – 2.80 kg / ha. In the ephemeral-absinthial group cenoses rather high values of aboveground phytomass are up to 50 centners / ha and the supply of ash elements (halogens 32.14 and organogens 36.18 mg-eq) is much higher compared to their content in soil (7.05 and 6, 31 mg-eq). In roots difference in quantity of organogens and halogens is insignificant – 2.03 and 2.04 mg-eq. We associate such differences with a greater proportion of absinthial in the aboveground phytomass composition

Productivity and Environmental Role of Forest Shelterbelts of Robinia pseudoacacia L. of the Kuban Lowland

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
V.V. Tanyukevich ◽  
◽  
S.V. Tyurin ◽  
D.V. Khmeleva ◽  
A.A. Kvasha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Young Growth

Works on protective afforestation are carried out in order to protect agricultural land from degradation processes, as well as to improve the microclimate of land. The research purpose is to study the bioproductivity and environmental role of Robinia pseudoacacia L. forest shelterbelts in the conditions of the Kuban lowland. The approved and generally accepted methods of forest valuation, forest land reclamation, botany, and mathematical statistics were applied. Plantings were created according to the standard technology for the steppe zone of the Russian Federation. The area of forest shelterbelts is 62.4 ths ha, including 5 % of the young growth (I state class), 80 % of middle-aged forest plantings (II state class), 10 % of maturing plantings (II state class), 5 % of mature and overmature plantings (III state class). Living ground cover is formed by the following species: Koeleria pyramidata L., Poa pratensis L., Festuca pratensis H., Elytrígia repens L., Dactylis glomerata L., and Phlum pratense L. Aboveground phytomass is 100–300 g/m2; height is 25–32 cm. Plantings are characterized by the quality classes: young growth – I and II; middle-aged and maturing – III; mature and overmature – IV. At the age of natural maturity (70 years), the Robinia trunk reaches the average height of 15.1 m with the average diameter of 22.1 cm. The total stock of wood reaches 18, (ths m3), including (ths m3): young growth – 68 (ths m3); middleaged plantings – 14,871 (ths m3); maturing plantings – 2,187 (ths m3); mature and overmature plantings – 1,314 (ths m3). Aboveground phytomass in young growth is 20.2 t/ha; in mature and overmature plantings it is 391.2 t/ha. In the region it is estimated at 17,070 ths t, including (ths t): young growth – 64; middle-aged plantings – 13,753; maturing plantings – 2,032; mature and overmature plantings – 1,221. The share of stem mass reaches 84.5–80.8 %; woody greenery – 4.2–1.5 %; branches – 11.3–17.7 %. Recalculation coefficients of the stock into aboveground phytomass are the following for: young growth – 0.936; mature and overmature forest shelterbelts – 0.929. Phytosaturation of forest shelterbelts varies within 0.314–2.474 kg/m3. Forest shelterbelts have accumulated 8,534 ths t of carbon, which is estimated at 145.1 mln dollars. The sphere of application of the research results is the Krasnodar Krai forestry, which is recommended to create an additional 60 ths ha of forest shelterbelts, which will provide a normative protective forest cover of arable land of 5 % and annual carbon sequestration up to 3.4 t/ha.

scholarly journals Short-term Effects of Grazing Exclusion on Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange and Net Primary Production in a Pannonian Sandy Grassland

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szilard CZOBEL ◽  
Orsolya SZIRMAI ◽  
Zoltan NEMETH ◽  
Csaba GYURICZA ◽  
Judit GAZI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Grazing Exclusion ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Sandy Grassland

Using portable, non-destructive own developed chambers (d=60 cm) and infrared gas analyses, the in situ field investigation was performed to study the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of the stand level CO2-flux and production of sandy grassland that has been extensively grazed for decades. Furthermore, NEE measurements and biomass samples were used to identify the initial effects of grazing exclusion on CO2 exchange, aboveground phytomass and potential plant productivity in years of significantly different precipitation levels. A considerable inter-annual variation in all of the studied parameters was found both in the non-grazed and grazed stands. As a result of the grazing exclusion the CO2 uptake potential of the non-grazed stand increased by 13% compared to the grazed stand. It was more significant in the extreme dry year (220%), however, in wet year slightly lower average carbon sequestration was detected at the non-grazed stand (-13%), than that of the grazed area. Significant carbon sequestration potential was only detected during wet periods in both stands. The rate of CO2 uptake was found to be nearly six times higher in the non-grazed stand in the wet year than in the previous extremely dry year. The drought in 2003 significantly reduced the CO2 uptake of both stands, leading to lower annual net primary production and potential plant productivity. The annual net primary production dropped by almost 40% in the extremely dry year but then it rose by nearly two and a half times in the subsequent year with adequate rainfall.

scholarly journals The environmental forming and productional functions of the haloxylon aphyllum in the Karnabchul desert

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
E. Z. Shamsutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Haloxylon Aphyllum ◽  
Aged State ◽  
Ephemeral Vegetation ◽  
Black Saxaul

We have conducted investigation of the environmental function of the desert tree of black saxaul (Haloxylon aphyllum) in the Karnabchul desert. As a result, it was found that different age plants of black saxaul had different effects on the degree of illumination. The greatest influence on the intensity of solar radiation was exerted by the saxaul plant of the black middle-aged state, the least the old generative individuals. Saxaul black had a significant impact on the temperature of the air: in the daytime, especially in the period 13-16 h, reducing the temperature under the crown and on the edge of the crown, and at night increasing it in the same areas. It also had a noticeable effect on the temperature of the soil. The temperature of the soil surface under the crown at night is higher, and during the day the warming was slower than in the outer part of the saxaul crown. Under the influence of black saxaul and soil moisture changed. Under the saxaul crown soil moisture is significantly higher compared to the control (open natural pastures). The highest soil moisture was observed in the upper soil layers at the base of the saxaul trunk. As a result, under the environmental action of black saxaul more favorable hydrothermal conditions for the growth and development of natural wormwood-ephemeral vegetation under the protection of strips and adjacent areas of pastures are formed. The result of production activities chemotaxonomic postbestowal bands consists of two following components: production of fodder mass of the Haloxylon and fodder productivity of wormwood-ephemeral vegetation of natural pastures. By increasing the yield of natural pastures under the protection of pasture protection strips and the harvest of the black saxaul fodder productivity of desert pastures increases more than twice.

scholarly journals Нормативи оцінки фітомаси компонентів стовбура соснових деревостанів Північного Степу України

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
В. М. Ловинська
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Information Tables

Мета статті – розробити нормативи оцінки компонентів стовбура надземної фітомаси соснових деревостанів в умовах Північного Степу України. Методика дослідження. У представленій роботі використана методика збору та обробки дослідного матеріалу проф. П.І. Лакиди. Зроблено статистичну обробку, кореляційний аналіз та пошук регресійних залежностей компонентів фітомаси стовбура сосни звичайної від таксаційних показників деревостану. Результати дослідження. Сформовано робочий масив даних, який характеризує компоненти фітомаси стовбура для оцінювання біотичної продуктивності штучних соснових деревостанів. Розроблено та наведено математичні моделі оцінки фітомаси деревостанів сосни звичайної за компонентами деревини стовбура, деревини стовбура у корі, кори стовбура. Визначено, що збільшення усіх досліджуваних компонентів надземної фітомаси стовбурів відбувається зі зростанням середніх висот та діаметрів деревостанів. Елементи наукової новизни. На основі регресійних моделей побудовано нормативно-інформаційні таблиці для зони Північного Степу України. Практична значущість. Одержані системи нормативів надають можливість оцінювання екологічних та енергетичних ресурсів, а також розрахувати депонування вуглецю у штучних соснових деревостанах досліджуваного регіону. The purpose of the article is to develop the standards for evaluating the trunk components of the aboveground phytomass of pine stands in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods of research. The method of collecting and processing the research material, developed by Professor P.I. Lakyda, was used in the presented paper. The statistical processing, correlation analysis and the search of regression dependences of phytomass components of the common pine trunk on the taxation indices of the tree stand were made.           The research results. The working data mass has been formed concerning the results of field and laboratory researches, which characterizes the components of the trunk phytomass for assessing biotic productivity of artificial pine stands in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Correlation analysis of the relation closeness of the main phytomass components of the tree stands with their basic taxational signs was carried out. A direct close relation of the trunk phytomass components in the bark and wood without bark with the average tree diameter and the height of stands has been established. The value of correlation coefficient of the bark phytomass with all taxational indices, except the density, demonstrates the moderate relation. Mathematical models have been developed and obtained to assess ordinary pine stands’ phytomass by the components of the trunk wood, trunk wood in the bark, and bark of the trunk. It has been determined that the increase of all the studied components of the aboveground trunk phytomass occurred together with increasing the average heights and diameters of tree stands. The elements of scientific novelty. Standard and information tables have constructed on the basis of regression models for the zone of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Practical significance. The obtained systems of standards enable to evaluate ecological and power resources and calculate the carbon sequestration in artificial pine tree stands of the studied region.

Variations in the Aboveground Phytomass in Northern Eurasia in the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 497 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
A. A. Tishkov ◽  
A. N. Krenke ◽  
S. V. Titova ◽  
E. A. Belonovskaya ◽  
N. G. Tsarevskaya
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass

State of Saxaul Plantations in Kazakhstan’s Section of the Aral Sea Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-157
Author(s):  
Zhuldyz Salmukhanbetova ◽  
A.A. Imanalinova ◽  
L.A. Dimeyeva ◽  
N.E. Zverev
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Grant Support ◽  
Seed Regeneration ◽  
International Fund ◽  
Black Saxaul

The article aims to assess the survival rate of saxaul plantations on the dry seabed of the Aral Sea (DSAS) and these close to the villages along the original seacoast. Protective black saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron) plantations on the DSAS were established in the course of 2009-2019 with the grant support of the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS), Japan’s environmental funds, UNDP Kazakhstan, as well as under the Grass-Roots Program of the Embassy of Japan in Kazakhstan. During September 1-14, 2020, the target plantation plots at 24 sites adjacent to the villages of Aralkum and Karateren underwent examination, including forest surveying, projected species cover determination, as well as seed regeneration and survival rate assessment. The findings of 2020 revealed the varying condition of target saxaul plantations. Thus, the survival rate of saxaul inside forest plantations ranged between 0.12 and 78.0%. The actual number of saxaul trees varied from 1 (one) to 1,000 per ha on the DSAS and from 888 to 2,633 per ha in Aralkum village. The novelty of the obtained results is due to the fact that they clearly demonstrate that the survival rate and development of forest plantations, as well as saxaul seed self-renewal, above all, depend on the overall ecological conditions at specific sites. Saxaul demonstrated the best survival rate and growth at the sites with sandy loam and saline light loamy soils with sandy cover, and the worst – at the sites with crusty and takyr (dry-type playa) saline soils.

scholarly journals Competition ability of selected amenity varieties of Festuca rubra in mixture with Deschampsia caespitosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
M. Svobodová ◽  
J. Martinek ◽  
T. Králíčková ◽  
I. Našinec ◽  
J. Šantrůček
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Aboveground Phytomass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Deschampsia Caespitosa ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Competition Ability ◽  
Viable Seeds

The aim of the research was to evaluate the competition capacity and find suitable proportion of different types of Festuca rubra and Deschampsia caespitosa in grass mixtures for decorative lawns. A field experiment with Deschampsia caespitosa cv. Kometa in monoculture or in mixtures with Festuca rubra L. varieties Viktorka (ssp. trichophylla), Barborka (ssp. commutata) and Petruna (ssp. rubra) was established in Větrov in 2007. The sowing rate was 40 000 viable seeds per m<sup>2</sup> (0, 25, 50 or 75% of F. rubra). The sward was mown at 3 cm. The number and weight of tillers of the turf components were evaluated during three years. The highest number of tillers (on average 63.3 thousand/m<sup>2</sup>) and weight of the dry aboveground phytomass (on average 196 g/m<sup>2</sup>) were found with F. rubra ssp. trichophylla. Its particular tillers had the lowest dry weight (0.32 g/100 tillers). The lowest number of tillers (32.9 thousand/m<sup>2</sup>) and low weight of dry aboveground phytomass (134 g/m<sup>2</sup>) showed mixtures with F. rubra ssp. rubra, whose tiller weight was relatively high (0.42 g/100 tillers). The size of F. rubra tillers was not influenced either by the mixture composition or by vegetation years. The number of F. rubra tillers was not significantly different in the third and first vegetation year. The number of D. caespitosa tillers in monoculture decreased during the years from 45 to 30 thousand/m<sup>2</sup>, but the weight of dry aboveground phytomass increased significantly from 233 g/m<sup>2</sup> to 318 g/m<sup>2</sup>. Poor competition of D. caespitosa was found in the mixture with F. rubra ssp. commutata (on average 4% of total number of tillers and 7% of the total weight of the dry aboveground phytomass). F. rubra ssp. trichophylla was less competitive and the least competition with D. caespitosa was found in F. rubra ssp. rubra, After three years the proportion of D. caespitosa in mixtures with F. rubra ssp. rubra significantly increased to 36% of the total number of tillers and to 55% of the total weight of phytomass. Mixtures of D. caespitosa and F. rubra ssp. rubra were found to be promising for low input lawns.

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