scholarly journals Impact of transportation on urban compactness index in South Tangerang City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 737 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
P L Aulia ◽  
H M Taki ◽  
A S Wartaman
Keyword(s):  
Compactness Index

CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF FAMILIES OF RED WHITE BELTED PIGS IN SE «RF ZORYANE» BREEDING FARM

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
L. V. Onishchenko ◽  
M. I. Danilchuk
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Appraisal Index ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Compactness Index

The most perspective genotype in our region is Red White-belted breed, which has high performance both under pure breeding and under crossing with other breeds. The results of complex evaluation of Red White-belted swine of the herd bred in SE "RF Zoryane" breeding farm are presented. It was revealed that animals of the farm comply with elite class and the first class. The main breeding boars used at the farm belong to such genealogical lines: Deviz, Division, Dantist, Debut, and Dobryak. In the structure of the herd, the most numerous was Dobryak line, which part was 58.8%, Division, Debut, Devis lines – 11.8% per line, Dantist line – 5.8%. The herd sows belong to 7 families: Drabowka, Dekada, Dyktsiya, Doina, Dylema, Delta, Dogma. Average prolificacy of the sows was 10.0 piglets. Litter weight at 60 days’ age was 181.0 kg, and live weight of piglet – 19.0 kg. The performance of sows as prolificacy increased by 0.6 head on average. The complex appraisal index for the herd was 104.1 points. The average daily gain of the replacement pigs was 570 g. The highest daily gain was from five to six months – 611.2 g, and the figure of compactness index characterized a certain elongation of animals, increasing meat traits. Further work with Red White-belted breed aims at preserving and expanding the breeding base and genealogical structure, as well as increasing the reproductive, fattening and meat traits.

scholarly journals Performance and carcass characteristics of lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês, slaughtered with different thicknesses of subcutaneous fat

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urias Fagner Santos Nascimento ◽  
Gladston Rafael de Arruda Santos ◽  
Camilo Santos Azevedo ◽  
Francisco de Assis Fonseca Macedo ◽  
Telisson Ribeiro Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Compactness Index

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) on slaughter in lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) on performance, carcass characteristics and commercial cuts. It was used twenty-four lambs, slaughtered with 2mm, 3mm and 4mm SFT. There was an effect of SFT on performance: for days of confinement (2mm = 51.38, 3mm = 66.50, 4mm = 91.63 days), age at slaughter (2mm = 139.38, 3mm = 159.88, 4mm = 171.00 days), final body weight (2mm = 33.50, 3mm = 42.81, 4mm = 46.19 kg), total weight gain (2mm = 18.75, 3mm = 25.08, 4mm = (2mm = 0.44, 3mm = 0.39, 4mm = 0.28kg), slaughter weight (2mm = 32.76, 3mm = 39.79, 4mm = 44.88 kg), body condition score (2mm = 2.97, 3mm = 3.13, 4mm = 3.56); for carcass characteristics: warm carcass weight (2mm = 15.33, 3mm = 19.16, 4mm = 21.90 kg) and cold (2mm = 15.03, 3mm = 18.75, 4mm = 21.47), cooling losses (2mm = 0.00234; 3mm = 0.00333; 4mm = 0.00201 kg), carcass yields: in the refrigerator (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm=48,79%); commercial (2mm = 45.88, 3mm = 47.25, 4mm = 47.82%) and true (2mm = 52.93, 3mm = 54.51, 4mm = 55.67%); carcass compactness index (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm) for cut weights; neck (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); palette (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), flank steak (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), loin (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), and leg (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). For the tissue composition of only the muscular cuts of the neck (2mm = 50.24, 3mm = 51.44, 4mm = 55.34%), bone of the neck (2mm = 30.24, 3mm = 29.63, 4mm = 25.91%), of the loin (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) and the leg (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), they presented differences between the SFT (p> 0.05). It is recommended to slaughter lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês with 3mm of SFT.

Cost and environmental impacts reduction through building compactness

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Parisi Kern ◽  
Renata Postay ◽  
Eduardo Reuter Schneck ◽  
Mauricio Mancio ◽  
Marco Aurélio Stumpf González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Constructive Method ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Research Stage ◽  
Compactness Index

PurposeThe central motivation for this study was to examine alternatives against the apartment area reduction as a safe way to reduce construction costs, adopted by many construction companies. From the building economic compactness index concept, it was studied the cost and environmental impacts (material consumption, embodied energy – EE and CO2 emission).Design/methodology/approachThe research strategy takes advantage of a case study aiming to investigate the relation between design characteristics related to area (m²) and building economic compactness index (%) with cost (Research Stage 1) and with environmental impacts: (Research Stage 2). The study involved real data from social housing projects, chosen in terms in terms of very similar features like size, area and constructive method (constants), however, with dissimilar compactness (variable).FindingsThe lack of direct relation between area and cost signs the importance of including the cost of vertical plans considered in the economic compactness building. The higher the economic compactness index, the lower the cost, the lower the amount of material, EE and CO2 emission parameters. However, due to the wide range of EE and CO2 values available, the reduction in the amount of materials achieved by increasing building economic compactness index may not be reflected in EE and CO2 gains.Research limitations/implicationsAs the limitation of this study, it must be taken into account a limited number of case buildings and the fact that the analysis is dependent on the reliability and accuracy of the data provided by constructors and the available information of EE and CO2 emission. As well discussed in the literature, the consistent database is a great challenge for the construction sector.Originality/valueThere might be alternatives to higher areas with relatively low-cost increments since results from buildings with the same area present different cost estimative and suggest a strong relationship with the economic compactness index. The large variation of EE and CO2 emission data indicates that reductions obtained by compactness increase may be impaired if the construction materials are produced with high levels of EE and CO2 emission. Thus, there must be an integrated effort on the part of designers (design and material specification) and manufacturers (material production), since isolated solutions may not be enough.

scholarly journals Urban Sprawl Patterns and Processes in Delhi from 1977 to 2014 Based on Remote Sensing and Spatial Metrics Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi Jain ◽  
A. P. Dimri ◽  
D. Niyogi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Shannon’S Entropy ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Spatial Metrics ◽  
Shannon's Entropy ◽  
Urban Patterns ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Compactness Index

Abstract Recent decades have witnessed rapid urbanization and urban population growth resulting in urban sprawl of cities. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of the urbanization process (using remote sensing and spatial metrics) that has occurred in Delhi, the capital city of India, which is divided into nine districts. The urban patterns and processes within the nine administrative districts of the city based on raw satellite data have been taken into consideration. Area, population, patch, edge, and shape metrics along with Pearson’s chi statistics and Shannon’s entropy have been calculated. Three types of urban patterns exist in the city: 1) highly sprawled districts, namely, West, North, North East, and East; 2) medium sprawled districts, namely, North West, South, and South West; and 3) least sprawled districts—Central and New Delhi. Relative entropy, which scales Shannon’s entropy values from 0 to 1, is calculated for the districts and time spans. Its values are 0.80, 0.92, and 0.50 from 1977 to 1993, 1993 to 2006, and 2006 to 2014, respectively, indicating a high degree of urban sprawl. Parametric and nonparametric correlation tests suggest the existence of associations between built-up density and population density, area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension (AWMPFD) and area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI), compactness index and edge density, normalized compactness index and number of patches, and AWMPFD and built-up density.

scholarly journals PSVII-7 Equations for estimating commercial meat cuts of water buffaloes finished in feedlot

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 297-298
Author(s):  
Vanessa R M Jacob ◽  
André M Castilhos ◽  
Caroline L Francisco ◽  
Patricia A C Luz ◽  
Daiane C Marques da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Compactness Index

Abstract Equations for estimating commercial meat cuts of water buffaloes finished in feedlot (means of initial body weight and age of 314 ±117 kg and 13 ±1.2 months, respectively) using biometric measurements performed in vivo, carcass traits performed postmortem, and the set of both measurements were determined. Seventy-five non-castrated males (25 of each genetic group: Jafarabadi, Mediterranean and Murrah) were used and allocated in collective pens to receive feeding and water ad libitum for 240 days. Body weight (BW), hip height (HH), and ultrasound assessments (backfat thickness – BFT; Ribeye area – REA) were performed and tested as independent variables. After the slaughter, the non-carcass components of each animal were weighed to obtain the empty body weight (EBW). Hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), carcass length (CL, cm), carcass depth (CD, cm), and carcass compactness index (CCI, kg/cm) were obtained and tested as independent variables. The meat cuts (Brisket, Flank plate, Rump, Rump cap, Striploin, and Tenderloin) were obtained from right half-carcass and weighed. The equations were determined using the stepwise regression method and Mallows’ Cp criterion, and processed by the REG procedure in SAS. The independent variables which were included differed among the meat cut equations which can use both independent variables obtained in vivo and postmortem, or only those obtained postmortem: Brisket, kg = 0.165-0.004×EBW+0.007×HCW+0.017×CCW (R2 =0.81, SE =0.27, Cp=1.81); Flank plate, kg = -2.643-0.013×HCW+0.028×CCI +2.681×CL-1,021×HH (R2 =0.68, SE =0.116, Cp=2.73); Rump, kg = -4.975-0.004×EBW-0.004×HCW+0.032×CCI+4.771×CL-1.662×CD-0.017×BFT (R2 =0.84, SE =0.18, Cp=6.17); Rump Cap, kg = -0.485-0.002×EBW+0.011×CCI -1.291×CL (R2 =0.78, SE =0.19, Cp=2.20); Striploin, kg = -0.088-0.004×EBW+0.020×HCW +0.019×CCI-2.949×CL (R2 =0.85, SE =0.35, Cp=3.97); Tenderloin, kg = -2.125 + 0.008×CCI +1.863×CL-1.697×CD+0.698×HH-0.014×BFT (R2 =0.84, SE =0.12, Cp=5.89). In conclusion, the equations for estimating commercial meat cuts present good prediction and can be used for different GG of water buffaloes. Supported by FAPESP (#2014/05473-7).

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE COMPACIDADE NAS SUBPREFEITURAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Barreto Castelo da Cruz ◽  
Karin Regina de Casas Castro Marins
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mathematical Application ◽  
Occupancy Patterns ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compactness Index

RESUMO: O município de São Paulo, assim como outros municípios brasileiros populosos, tem sua urbanização marcada por forte dispersão e adensamento populacional periférico, o que gera inúmeros impactos negativos para a qualidade de vida da população, para a economia urbana como um todo e para o meio ambiente, enquanto dificulta a gestão municipal e metropolitana. Assim, a compactação surge como uma estratégia de desenvolvimento urbano, ao aproximar demandas e ofertas para maior número de cidadãos, sobretudo os menos favorecidos, agregando, dessa forma, benefícios sociais, econômicos e ambientais. A compactação da forma urbana é medida pelo seu respectivo índice, o índice de compacidade (IC), construído por uma relação métrica espacial de perímetro e área, que de forma direta, ainda relaciona às interações humanas e à organização de atividades dentro de uma área urbana. O objetivo do presente artigo é calcular e analisar o índice de compacidade para as subprefeituras do município de São Paulo, com pesquisa exploratória bibliográfica, mapeamento digital e aplicação matemática dos índices de compacidade. O estudo da compactação urbana gerou resultados significativos quando analisados comparativamente no conjunto urbano ou do município, inclusive na verificação da aplicabilidade das políticas de adensamento populacional. Entretanto, a investigação para definição de escalas intermediárias de compactação, especialmente nas médias e altas densidades, mostra-se útil para que territórios extensos e com padrões de ocupação e dinâmicas urbanas e sociais bastante distintas, possam eventualmente ser subclassificadosABSTRACT: The municipality of São Paulo, as well as other populous Brazilian municipalities, has its urbanization marked by strong dispersion and peripheral population density, which generates numerous negative impacts on the quality of life of the population, for the urban economy as a whole and for the environment, while hindering municipal and metropolitan management. Thus, compacting emerges as a strategy of urban development, bringing together demands and offers for a greater number of citizens, especially the less favored, thus adding social, economic and environmental benefits. The compaction of the urban form is measured by its respective index, the compactness index (CI), constructed by a metric relation of perimeter and area, that directly, still relates to the human interactions and the organization of activities within an urban area. The aim of this article is to calculate and analyze the compactness index for the subprefeituras of the city of São Paulo, with exploratory bibliographical research, digital mapping and mathematical application of the indices of compactness. The study of urban compaction generated significant results when analyzed comparatively in the urban or municipal set, including in the verification of the applicability of population densification policies. However, research into the definition of intermediate compaction scales, especially in medium and high densities, is useful so that extensive territories with quite distinct occupancy patterns and urban and social dynamics may eventually be subclassified.

scholarly journals Exploring the Connection between Urban 3D Form and Building Energy Performance and the Influencing Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Deng Wang ◽  
Guoqin Zhang ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Xinyue Hu ◽  
Zhuoqun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Building Energy Performance ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compactness Index

Continuous growth of building energy consumption CO2 emission (BECCE) threatens urban sustainable development. Urban form is an important factor affecting BECCE. Compactness is a significant urban morphological characteristic. There is currently a lack of research on the effect of urban three-dimensional (3D) compactness on BECCE. To clarify the research value of 3D compactness, we investigated whether 3D compactness has a stronger impact on BECCE than two-dimensional (2D) compactness. A total of 288 buildings of the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) were divided into 5 zones according to building climate demarcation. As BECCE is affected mainly by four aspects (socioeconomic condition, building features, macroclimate, and urban form), the BECCE driven by urban form (BECCE-f) in each zone was calculated firstly using the partial least square regression model. Normalized compactness index (NCI) and normalized vertical compactness index (NVCI) were calculated with Python to quantify urban 2D and 3D compactness within a 1 km buffer of PBOC buildings. The mean NCI and NVCI values of each zone were adopted as 2D and 3D compactness of this zone. Gray correlation analysis of the five zones showed that the connection between the NVCI and BECCE-f is stronger than that between NCI and BECCE-f. Based on this, we believe that the emphasis of later research should be shifted to urban 3D form, not just 2D elements. 3D form can describe the real urban form in a more accurate and detailed manner. Emphasizing 3D morphological characteristics in studies of the relationship between urban form and building energy performance is more meaningful and valuable than only considering 2D characteristics. The impact mechanism of urban form on BECCE-f should also be analyzed from the perspective of 3D form. This study also provides beneficial solutions to building energy saving and low-carbon building construction.

scholarly journals Quality characteristics of the carcass of Beni-Guil sheep, a Protected Geographical Indication certified product of Eastern Morocco: Preliminary study

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Belhaj ◽  
Farid Mansouri ◽  
Aziz Tikent ◽  
Abdellah Ouchatbi ◽  
Mohamed Boukharta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Red Color ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Eastern Morocco ◽  
White Fat ◽  
First Time ◽  
Compactness Index

The objective of the study was to evaluate, for the first time, the qualitative, objective and subjective characteristics of the carcass and meat of the Beni-Guil sheep breed, originating in Eastern Morocco. The study was conducted with 105 ewes and ewe lambs with a mean age of 21.5 months (8–36 months), and a mean weight of 32.55 kg. pH measurements were taken one hour and 24 hours after slaughter. The mean values obtained were 6.76 and 5.78, respectively. The mean hot (HCW) and cold (CCW) carcass weights and corresponding yields were 15.82 kg (48.6%) and 15.52 kg (47.7%), respectively. Shrinkage loss was 1.9%. Linear measurements showed that the Beni-Guil had a mean carcass length (K) and width (G) of 63.7 and 17.3 cm, respectively, with a carcass compactness index 1 (G/K) and 2 (CCW/K) of 0.27 and 243.60 g/cm, respectively. Finally, according to the EUROP sheep carcass classification grid, the carcasses examined showed conformations between fairly good (O) and good (R), a bright red color, a firm white fat cover, and a fatness score of 3.42. The results highlighted the characteristics of the Beni-Guil ewe carcass, which are sought by professionals and consumers.

scholarly journals FE Analyses of Hyperelastic Solids under Large Bending: The Role of the Searle Parameter and Eulerian Slenderness

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Federico Oyedeji Falope ◽  
Luca Lanzoni ◽  
Angelo Marcello Tarantino
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Finite Elasticity ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Theoretical Formulation ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Finite Bending ◽  
Compactness Index

A theoretical model concerning the finite bending of a prismatic hyperelastic solid has been recently proposed. Such a model provides the 3D kinematics and the stress field, taking into account the anticlastic effects arising in the transverse cross sections also. That model has been used later to extend the Elastica in the framework of finite elasticity. In the present work, Finite Element (FE) analyses of some basic structural systems subjected to finite bending have been carried out and the results have been compared with those provided by the theoretical model performed previously. In the theoretical formulation, the governing equation is the nonlinear local relationship between the bending moment and the curvature of the longitudinal axis of the bent beam. Such a relation has been provided in dimensionless form as a function of the Mooney–Rivlin constitutive constants and two kinematic dimensionless parameters termed Eulerian slenderness and compactness index of the cross section. Such parameters take relevance as they are involved in the well-known Searle parameter for bent solids. Two significant study cases have been investigated in detail. The results point out that the theoretical model leads to reliable results provided that the Eulerian slenderness and the compactness index of the cross sections do not exceed fixed threshold values.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Topping on Cannabidiol (CBD) Content in Two Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Antigolena FOLINA ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
Evangelia TOURKOCHORITI ◽  
Ioannis ROUSSIS ◽  
Harry PATEROULAKIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Compactness Index

In order to define the finest cultivation practices for two of the most commercial hemp cultivars (‘Fedora 23’ and ‘Futura 75’) under the Mediterranean climate, the treatment of topping was applied in hemp crop in Central Greece. The object of the study was to assess if topping can increase the cannabidiol (CBD) production. In addition, the growth of the two cultivars was also investigated. Our results showed that the treatment of topping and cultivar affected the CBD content. The inflorescence compactness index and the number of nodes were affected by cultivar and topping. The number of inflorescences on secondary shoots was affected only by topping. The leaf area was affected by the interaction of cultivar and topping. The maximum height was recorded in un-topped Futura 75 plants, while the highest fresh and dry weight were found in topped Futura 75 plants. The total inflorescence dry matter was higher in topped plants.

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