Drought stress and K effects on contents of soil water and organic matter, CEC, exchangeable-K, yield and water productivity of sweet corn on Inceptisols

Abstract The research was conducted to study the effects of drought stress and K fertilizer on plant growth, contents of soil water (SWC) and organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), K-exchange, yield and water productivity of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) grown in Inceptisols. The research was conducted on a plastic house in a controlled culture experiment field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran using a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was the four percentages of drought stress (0%, 20%, 40% and 60%). The second factor was three levels of KCl dose (1, 1.25 and 1.50 times the recommended dose of 50 kg ha−1 KCl). The treatment combinations were repeated three times. The interaction between 20-40% drought stress and 1.50 times dose of KCl had a significant effect on stem diameter and independently this KCl dose affected the leaf numbers, but without drought stress. The treatment without drought stress resulted in highest plant height and leaf area index, while drought stress of 40-60% gave higher SOM and CEC, even in 60% drought stress showed a higher exchangeable K. The application of 1.25 times dose of KCl caused higher K-uptake, while the treatment of 40% drought stress gave higher water productivity.

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RESPON KOMBINASI PUPUK KCl DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR (POC) SABUT KELAPA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccaharata Sturt) DI TANAH GAMBUT

JURNAL AGROPLASMA ◽

10.36987/agroplasma.v7i1.1757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 40-52

Author(s):

Zahlul Ikhsan ◽

Intan Sari ◽

Suryadi Suryadi ◽

Dede Suhendra

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Coconut Fiber ◽

Peat Soils ◽

Area Index ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Coconut Coir

This This study aims to determine the best dose of KCl Fertilizer and Liquid Organic Fertilizer of coconut coir on the growth of sweet corn (zea mays saccaharata Sturt) in peat soils. This study used a non factorial randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments used were 100 kg KCl fertilizer, POC Coconut Fiber 30 ml / liter, 100 kg KCl + POC coconut coir fertilizer, 75 kg KCl + POC coconut coir fertilizer, 50 kg KCl + POC coconut coir fertilizer, 25 kg KCl + POC fertilizer coconut fiber. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves / plants, leaf area index, stem diameter, emergence, male and female flowers, observational data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with HSD tukey test at 5% confidence level. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, all treatments did not show a real effect on all parameters. Provision of coconut milk POC 30 ml / water gives the best results on the growth of sweet corn. Keywords: KCl fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer, sweet corn

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Study of Intercropping System and In Situ Organic Matter Application on Coffee Agroforestry at Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.7.02.51-58 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (02) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

Faizal Shofwan Kusnendi ◽

Supijatno Supijatno ◽

Ade Wachjar ◽

Yayat Hidayat ◽

Sugeng Heri Suseno

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Cropping System ◽

West Java ◽

Corn Production ◽

Coffee Agroforestry ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors

Agroforestry-based coffee is one of the conservation efforts to restore the damages at the Citarum watershed. Planting annual crops between coffee rows could potentially contribute income for the growers during the immature non-productive coffee growth. The aims of the research is to study the effect of various types of agroforestry models in the upstream Citarum watershed on the growth of coffee, and growth and yields of the intercrops. The research was conducted in September 2018 to June 2019 at the upstream Citarum watershed of Tarumajaya Subdistrict Kertasari, Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The research was arranged with a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was the cropping system, i.e. coffee monoculture, coffee and corn, coffee and sweet corn, coffee and red beans, and coffee and habanero chili. The second factor was organic matter application, i.e. with and without application of in situ organic matter. The results of the research showed that coffee intercropped with habanero with application of in situ organic matter had the best vegetative growth, indicated by taller plants, more leaves, increased leaf P and Mg levels, and the maximum income from the intercrop. Coffee intercropped with corn with application of in situ organic matter had a maximum corn production but had the lowest income. Therefore, the model of coffee intercropped with habanero chili with application of in situ organic matter was the best model from several intercropping systems tested.

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PENGARUH JENIS BAHAN ORGANIK PADA SISTEM RESAPAN BIOPORI MODIFIKASI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KIMIA TANAH SEBAGAI TEKNIK KONSERVASI TANAH

Jukung (Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan) ◽

10.20527/jukung.v3i1.3199 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muzaimah Muzaimah ◽

Chairul Abdi ◽

Fakhrur Razie

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Material ◽

Soil Conservation ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sample Depth ◽

Survey Results

Kebanyakan lahan yang belum dikelola dengan baik dalam bidang pertanian maupun perkebunan tentunya lama kelamaan akan dapat berpengaruh terhadap kesuburan tanah yaitu menurunnya kualitas sifat kimia tanah pertanian/perkebunan. Membuat lubang resapan biopori modifikasi dengan penambahan bahan organik merupakan salah satu upaya konservasi tanah untuk menangani permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan jenis bahan organik pada lubang resapan biopori modifikasi terhadap beberapa sifat kimia tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dilahan perkebunan karet dan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan masing-masing 4 kali ulangan yaitu variasi pemberian 4 jenis bahan organik seperti daun dan ranting kering, pupuk kompos , rumput/tanaman liar, kotoran ternak dan tanpa bahan organik sebagai kontrol dan variasi kedalaman sampel 0-50 cm dan 50-100 cm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penambahan jenis bahan organik menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap C-Organik tanah di kedalaman 0-50 cm maupun 50-100 cm serta Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK) di kedalaman 50-100cm sedangkan dikedalaman 0-50 cm berbeda nyata, adapaun variasi kedalaman sampel diketahui tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedalaman 0-50 dan 50-100 cm terhadap C-Organik dan KTK. Kata Kunci : biopori modifikasi, C-organik, jenis bahan organic, konservasi tanah, KTK. Most of the land that has not been managed well in agriculture and plantation certainly over time will be able to effect the soil fertility is declining quality of the chemical properties of agricultural land / plantation. Make biopori modifications with the addition of organic matter is a soil conservation efforts to solve these problems. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the type of organic material in the absorption holes biopori modifications to some of the chemical properties of the soil. This research was conducted in the land rubber plantations and using a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 of each treatment 4 replicates ie variation of 4 types of organic materials such as leaves and dry twigs, compost, grass / weeds, manure and without organic matter as a control and variation of the sample depth of 0-50 cm and 50-100 cm. Based on survey results revealed that the addition of organic material showed a no real different to the C-organic of soil at a depth of 0-50 cm and 50-100 cm in depth and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) of 50-100 cm while at a depth 50-100 cm real different rent and sample depth variations as there are no significant differences between the depth of 0-50 and 50-100 cm of the C-Organic and CEC. Keywords: CEC, C-organic, biopori modification, organic matter variety, soil conservation.

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The Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown in the Malkerns Area, a Region in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Southern Africa)

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2020/v12i330081 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

M. V. Dlamini ◽

S. Zwane

Keyword(s):

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Block Design ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽

Area Index ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

The University

Water is fast becoming an economically scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. A study to test the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to deficit irrigation was conducted in a field plot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini. The treatments were laid in a randomized block design. The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated three times. Treatment 1 (T1) was irrigated daily, treatment 2 (T2) irrigated after 2 days, treatment 3 (T3) irrigated after 3 days and treatment 4 (T4) irrigated after 4 days. A total of 30 lettuce plants were planted in each treatment. The lettuce was grown for a period of four weeks and then harvested whole. Yield parameters measured included the number of leaves, the plant height (cm), leaf area index (LAI), and the fresh and dry head mass (grams). Significant differences (P < 0.01) between treatments T3 and T4 were obtained for fresh and dry lettuce head mass. The highest water use efficiency and crop water productivity were obtained in treatment T3. It was concluded that irrigating lettuce every three days was the best option for the area under the conditions of the experiment.

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Potassium silicate as a resistance elicitor in sweet corn yield traits under water stress

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2019v13i1.7916 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ausbie L.G. Araújo ◽

Amanda M. de Almeida ◽

João De J. Guimarães ◽

Fernando S. de Cantuário ◽

Leandro C. Salomão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Soil Water ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Potassium Silicate ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Soil Water Tension ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Corn Plants

Plant water stress is a major problem in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. Dry periods and random climatic events cause quality and yield losses in sweet corn plants. Compounds, such as silicon (Si), are being studied to reduce the negative impacts of water stress on agricultural crops. Further tests may allow farmers to increase the use of silicon-based compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production parameters of the sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) (Poaceae) Tropical Plus® hybrid with water stress and potassium silicate doses applied with foliar spraying. A randomized block design with four soil water tensions (15, 30, 45 and 60 kPa) and four potassium silicate doses (0, 6, 12 and 24 L ha-1) was used in a greenhouse. The studied factors, alone or in interaction with each other, did not affect most of the sweet corn yield parameters. The hypothesis that these results may have been partially affected by the presence of silicon are discussed. The sweet corn plant yield was affected mainly by the soil water tension of 60 kPa.

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Attributes of the soil fertilized with sewage sludge and calcium and magnesium silicate

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n11p1107-1113 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 1107-1113 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽

Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽

Altina L. Nascimento ◽

Luiz A. Fernandes ◽

Natália N. de Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Ricinus Communis ◽

Block Design ◽

Magnesium Silicate ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Sludge Compost ◽

Sewage Sludge Compost ◽

Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of an Inceptisol cultivated with castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), variety ‘BRS Energia’, fertilized with sewage sludge compost and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) silicate. The experiment was conducted at the ICA/UFMG, in a randomized block design, using a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of two doses of Ca-Mg silicate (0 and 1 t ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 23.81, 47.62 and 71.43 t ha-1, on dry basis). Soil organic matter (OM), pH, sum of bases (SB), effective cation exchange capacity (CEC(t)), total cation exchange capacity (CEC(T)), base saturation (V%) and potential acidity (H + Al) were evaluated. There were no significant interactions between doses of sewage sludge compost and doses of Ca-Mg silicate on soil attributes, and no effect of silicate fertilization on these attributes. However, fertilization with sewage sludge compost promoted reduction in pH and increase in H + Al, OM and CEC. The dose of 71.43 t ha-1 of sewage sludge compost promoted the best soil chemical conditions.

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Can Sustained Deficit Irrigation Save Water and Meet the Quality Characteristics of Mango?

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11050448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Leontina Lipan ◽

Aarón A. Carbonell-Pedro ◽

Belén Cárceles Rodríguez ◽

Víctor Hugo Durán-Zuazo ◽

Dionisio Franco Tarifa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Block Design ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Peel Color

Mango is one of the most cultivated tropical fruits worldwide and one of few drought-tolerant plants. Thus, in this study the effect of a sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) strategy on mango yield and quality was assessed with the aim of reducing irrigation water in mango crop. A randomized block design with four treatments was developed: (i) full irrigation (FI), assuring the crop’s water needs, and three levels of SDI receiving 75%, 50%, and 33% of irrigation water (SDI75, SDI50, and SDI33). Yield, morphology, color, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), organic acids (OA), sugars, minerals, fiber, antioxidant activity (AA), and total phenolic content (TPC) were analyzed. The yield was reduced in SDI conditions (8%, 11%, and 20% for SDI75, SDI50, and SDI33, respectively), but the irrigation water productivity was higher in all SDI regimes. SDI significantly reduced the mango size, with SDI33 generating the smallest mangoes. Peel color significantly changed after 13 days of ripening, with SDI75 being the least ripe. The TA, AA, and citric acid were higher in SDI75, while the TPC and fiber increased in all SDI levels. Consequently, SDI reduced the mango size but increased the functionality of samples, without a severe detrimental effect on the yield.

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Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n8p773-779 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 773-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thâmara F. M. Cavalcanti ◽

Geraldo R. Zuba ◽

Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽

João P. Carneiro ◽

Ely S. A. de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Castor Bean ◽

Block Design ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Iron Copper ◽

Maximum Value ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

N Requirement ◽

Bean Leaves

<title>ABSTRACT</title>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha-1, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha-1 of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.

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Residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on sunflower yield and nutrition

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n10p1005-1011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 1005-1011 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hermann C. de Albuquerque ◽

Geraldo R. Zuba Junio ◽

Regynaldo A. Sampaio ◽

Luiz A. Fernandes ◽

Fabiano B. S. Prates ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Growth Characteristics ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Calcium And Magnesium ◽

Potential Acidity

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the residual effect of sewage sludge fertilization on yield and nutrition of sunflower in its second cycle. The experiment was carried out from April to August 2012. The treatments consisted of four doses of sewage sludge (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha-1, dry basis) applied in the first cycle of sunflower, distributed in a randomized block design, with six replicates. Sunflower stem diameter, plant height, capitulum diameter and yield increased with the increment in sewage sludge doses, with maximum values observed with the dose of 30 t ha-1. The contents of calcium and magnesium in the soil, pH, sum of bases, effective and potential cation exchange capacity and base saturation increased, while potential acidity and the contents of manganese and iron in the leaves decreased, with the increment in the residual doses of sewage sludge. There was a reduction in yield and growth characteristics of sunflower in the second cycle; thus, additional fertilization with sewage sludge is recommended in each new cycle.

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MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252015v28n326rc ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 230-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

PHILIPE LIMA DE AMORIM ◽

JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO ◽

JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO ◽

DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA ◽

LIANA JANK

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Area Index ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

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