scholarly journals Rural transformation in the upper Citarum watershed and its implication to soil conservation practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
S H Susilowati ◽  
T Sudaryanto ◽  
H W Perkasa ◽  
Sumaryanto ◽  
H Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Rural Transformation ◽  
Conservation Practice

Abstract In response to soil and environmental problems in the Citarum river of West Java, the upper Citarum watershed has focused on government policy intervention. The policy framework primarily focuses on encouraging soil conservation practices and promoting an environmentally friendly farming system. However, most empirical research on this subject failed to acknowledge that the conservation practices varied with the stage of rural transformation. This paper aims to assess rural transformation in the upper Citarum watershed and its relation to soil conservation practices. We use Indogreen Farm Household Survey (IFHS) data collected in 2019 from Bandung and West Bandung districts, covering six sub-watersheds, 22 villages, and 500 farm households. The sub-watersheds are divided into two groups based on the degree of rural transformation. Descriptive analysis using graphs and charts presented the data. The results show that the more dominant non-agriculture job characterizes household employment and income structure in the faster regions. Furthermore, farmers in these regions mostly choose higher-value commodities compared to the slower area. Finally, soil conservation practice is more intensive in the faster region in response to more intensive land utilization. The research implies that agricultural development programs, in particular extension services, should put this issue in perspective.

scholarly journals The Role of Anaerobic Digestion in Achieving Soil Conservation and Sustainable Agricultural Development in the UK

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Franklin I. Duruiheoma ◽  
Cynthia V. Burek ◽  
Graham Bonwick ◽  
Roy Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
The Uk

<p class="1"><span lang="EN-GB">Anaerobic digestion represents one form of renewable energy technology but has many wider benefits. This paper reviews the processes involved in anaerobic digestion, the type of systems in place and the use of digestate to improve soil quality. A case is made for the technology in the UK in the context of soil conservation and sustainable agricultural production. Its broader contribution to sustainable development in the United Kingdom is also considered. Low levels of awareness of the benefits of anaerobic digestion, poor access to funds, inadequate incentives, an unfavourable legislative and policy framework for the technology, limited application of digestate for agricultural purposes and the need for further research on digestate use are identified as key factors hindering uptake of the technology. Anaerobic digestion is presented as a technology that can support soil conservation and sustainable agricultural development while also generating both energy and income, enhancing waste and nutrient recycling and promoting environmental protection.</span></p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Efficiency and Adequacy of Retention Terraces

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Calazans Reis Miranda ◽  
Danilo Paulúcio da Silva ◽  
Eloy Lemos de Mello ◽  
Fernando Falco Pruski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Storage Efficiency ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Crest Height

Due to losses caused by water erosion, the development of techniques that increase the efficiency of soil conservation practices is fundamental. Terracing of agricultural lands is an important conservation practice. Bearing in mind that improperly built terraces may negatively affect the landscape, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency as well as the adequacy of retention terraces. Assessments were performed in four terraces implanted in different states, all located in the mideastern region of the state of Minas Gerais. The water storage efficiency of the terraces was determined by comparing the effective with the required storage capacity, as established in the project. Proposals were also made for the adequacy of the assessed terraces, based on the correction of the characteristics that jeopardized storage efficiency. The storage efficiency of three of the four assessed terraces was below the required levels (0.5-13 %). The main properties influencing storage capacity were: uniformity of ridge crest height, terrace end closure, and the cross section finishing. In two of the three low-efficiency terraces, the correction of these characteristics proved sufficient to raise the storage efficiency to nearly 100 %.

scholarly journals CONTROLE DE EROSÃO EM ESTRADAS RURAIS NÃO PAVIMENTADAS, UTILIZANDO SISTEMA DE TERRACEAMENTO COM GRADIENTE ASSOCIADO A BACIAS DE CAPTAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Donizete Casarin ◽  
Eduardo Luiz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Unpaved Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Anthropic Action

CONTROLE DE EROSÃO EM ESTRADAS RURAIS NÃO PAVIMENTADAS, UTILIZANDO SISTEMA DE TERRACEAMENTO COM GRADIENTE ASSOCIADO A BACIAS DE CAPTAÇÃO  Rui Donizete Casarin1; Eduardo Luiz de Oliveira21Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, [email protected] de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Bauru, SP  1 RESUMO As estradas rurais de terra são estruturas viárias importantes para o desenvolvimento rural econômico e social da nação, sendo que a erosão provocada pelas águas das chuvas no seu leito e margens esta intimamente relacionada à má drenagem, tornando-se um dos principais fatores para sua degradação. Para que o sistema de drenagem funcione de forma adequada é necessário o conhecimento da erodibilidade, capacidade de infiltração de água no solo e adoção de práticas mecânicas de abatimentos de taludes com elevação do greide e interceptação de águas por meio de dispositivos de drenagem e captação. Neste artigo apresenta-se um modelo de drenagem por meio da construção de terraços embutidos com gradiente associados à bacia de captação em solos do tipo Argissolo Vermelho distrófico abrúptico de textura arenosa a média, com base em técnicas de abatimentos de taludes, elevando seu leito transversalmente das estradas com desviadores de fluxo. As frações granulométricas (areia, silte, argila) e a estabilidade de agregados indicam que esse solo sob ação antrópica pode apresentar processos erosivos resultando em escoamento superficial com arrastamento de solos, assoreando mananciais e cursos d’água localizados abaixo das estradas proporcionando grandes impactos ambientais nos corpos hídricos. A redução destes problemas de erosão nestas estradas de terra está na adoção de medidas que intercepte águas do próprio escoamento do seu leito, bem como as águas pluviais vindas de áreas adjacentes da contribuição, que são coletadas e conduzidas para terraços embutidos e bacias de captação. UNITERMOS: erosão em estradas rurais, infiltração de água no solo, práticas mecânicas de conservação de solo, contenção de águas pluviais.  CASARIN, R. D.; OLIVEIRA, E. L. CONTROL OF EROSION IN RURALUNPAVED ROADS UTILIZING A TERRACE  SYSTEM WITH GRADIENT ASSOCIATED TO CAPITATION BASIN  2 ABSTRACT             The agricultural unpaved roads are important road structures for the economic and social agricultural development of the Nation, and the erosion provoked by rain water in the road bed and sides are closely related to bad draining, one of the main factors for their degradation. In order to make the draining system adequate, it is necessary to know about  erodibility, infiltration capacity of water in the ground and adoption of mechanical slope abatement with grid elevation and water interception. This study presents  drainage model through the construction of terraces  with gradient  transversally associated to the capitation basin in  abruptic red dystrophic argisol soils, medium sandy texture, based on slops abatement  techniques, elevating the road bed and deviating flow. The grain sized fractions of this ground (sand, silt, clay) and the aggregate stability indicated that this ground, under anthropic action, presents erosive processes resulting in superficial draining with ground hauling, sanding sources and courses of water situation below roads, providing great environmental impacts in the hydric bodies. The reduction of erosion problems in these unpaved roads is in the adoption of measures that intercept waters from the draining of their stream bed itself, as well as pluvial waters comings from adjacent areas of contribution, that  are collected and conducted to inlaid terraces and capitation basis. KEYWORDS: erosion in agricultural roads, water infiltration in the soil, mechanical soil conservation practices, pluvial water containment.

scholarly journals Soil Properties as Affected by Soil Conservation Practices and Soil Depths in Uwite Watershed, Hadero Tunto District, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Hadaro ◽  
Tuma Ayele ◽  
Sharma Parshotam Datt ◽  
Rahel Teshome
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Conservation Practice

Soil is a precious natural resource, forming the basis for sustained ecosystem services for the mankind. Its degradation due to the ever-increasing anthropogenic influence is, however, threatening food security and quality of the environment in many regions. The present investigation was, therefore, undertaken with an objective of assessing the effect of soil and water conservation practices of soil bund and Fanya juu terrace compared to no conservation practice on cultivated soils of Uwite watershed in Hadero Tunto District, southern Ethiopia. Soil sampling sites were selected both from the farm fields, where soil conservation structures were raised for the last 10 years, and from fields where there was no conservation practice. A total of eighteen composite soil samples (3 conservation practices × 2 depths, 0–15 and 15–30 cm, ×3 replicates) were collected and analyzed for different physical and chemical soil parameters. The results were subjected to analysis of variance using the General Linear Model of two-way ANOVA by RCBD with factorial arrangement using SAS software. Both practices, statistically similar to each other, indicated significant improvement in soil parameters compared to no conservation practice in higher content of clay, lower bulk density, higher total porosity, higher moisture content, higher pH, higher soil organic matter, higher percent base saturation, higher cation exchange capacity, and higher amounts of macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, and Cu). The surface soil layer (0–15 cm) was significantly superior to the subsurface layer (15–30 cm) in most of these soil parameters. Both practices of soil bund and Fanya juu terrace merit their continuation on the existing lands and upscaling to other degraded areas for sustained land productivity and socioeconomic-environmental stability in the region

scholarly journals Integrated smart farming system in developing potential products of the village

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 05014
Author(s):  
A. Risdawati AP ◽  
Cita Pertiwi ◽  
Adelia Oktarina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Integrated Agriculture ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
The Village

The village as an area that rests on local potential always needs development in product innovation and a sustainable market. In the world of agriculture, digital technology has been developing from nurseries to post-harvest. Included in the integrated agricultural system from upstream to downstream. Integrated smart farming system as an agricultural system that combines all components needed in agriculture (include the digitalization) were attracting young farmer’s interest. This paper aims to describe an integrated agriculture model in Bali. The research was conducted by a descriptive analysis method of existing conditions. The results showed there was an upstream stage of agricultural development carried out through technology for seeding and breeding to produce more quality seedlings. The process involves young farmers who act as an organization that bridges farmers through funding for farmers, quality control, stock management, and farmer organizing. The downstream stage focuses on post-harvest processing, so farmers can sell their crops to market to meet retail and export needs. As the conclusion, the development of potential products through the use of the Integrated Smart Farming System can provide economic added value and encourage the economic growth of villages.

Adoption Decision and Sustainable Utilization of Soil Conservation Technologies: Empirical Evidence from North West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1853-1863
Author(s):  
Kassaye Gurebiyaw Legese ◽  
Taye Melese ◽  
Tadie Mire ◽  
Abebe Birara ◽  
Kefale Eniyew
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
North West ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
North Gondar Zone

Soil is a crucial and precious natural resource that govern numerous ecological processes. However, in Ethiopia particularly in north Gondar zone, soil erosion is a severe problem and a major cause of the decline of agricultural productivity. The adoption and diffusion of soil and water conservation practices (SWC), as a way to tackle this challenge, has become an important issue in the development policy agenda in the zone. Therefore, this study was to identify factors affecting Soil conservation investments in the North Gondar zone. Data was collected through interviewed schedule, filed observation and focus group discussion. The multistage sampling technique was employed to select 206 sample households.  Both descriptive and econometrics model was used to analyze the collected data. A multivariate profit (MPV) model was used to analyze the effect of demographic, socioeconomic, market, institutional and biophysical related factors on the interdependent investment decisions of SWC practices using household survey. The MPV model analysis indicates that farmers invest a combination of practices at parcel level by considering substitution and complementarity effects of the practices. The results also revealed that age of household heads, literacy status of household heads, off-farm activity, distance of farmlands from homesteads, tropical livestock unit, and access to training were influence farmers’ investments in SWC practices. The overall results indicate that the identified physical, socioeconomic, and institutional factors influence promote or hinder investments in SWC practice so, policymakers should take into consideration these various factors in designing and implementing SWC policies and Programmers.

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

Impact of crude oil price on the socio-political environment of global countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Johnson Clement Madathil ◽  
Velmurugan P. S
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
New Energy

Crude oil is known to have an impact on people’s life of both producers and consumers of crude oil countries. A producer country’s socio-political impact will be different from a consumer country’s socio-political impact. This paper aims to show that crude oil price has a socio-political impact on global countries through descriptive analysis. The study found that there were similarities in the movement of crude oil price and change in GDP of both India and United States and further Russia and Venezuela have had crude oil impact on their respective GDP’s, which has made them take policy reforms. The paper identifies changes in the policy framework due to influence of crude oil price and eventual changes in existing socio-political environment. Taking oil producing countries such as Russia and Venezuela as examples, this paper suggests that policy reforms are the key to having a stable socio-political environment. Russia shows us that having a flexible monetary policy can keep the budget dependence on crude oil reduced in the short term. On the other hand, for oil consuming countries, having a stable supply and moving to new energy sources is the key to tackle the influence of crude oil price on the socio-political environment of global countries.

scholarly journals Spatially Mediated Peer Effects in the Adoption of Conservation Agriculture Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Deepthi Kolady ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Jessica Ulrich-Schad
Keyword(s):  
Peer Effects ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Practice Adoption ◽  
Conservation Practice Adoption

Abstract This study uses location-specific data to investigate the role of spatially mediated peer effects in farmers’ adoption of conservation agriculture practices. The literature has shown that farmers trust other farmers and one way to increase conservation practice adoption is through identifying feasible conservation practices in neighboring fields. Estimating this effect can help improve our understanding of what influences the adoption and could play a role in improving federal and local conservation program design. The study finds that although spatial peer effects are important in the adoption of conservation tillage and diverse crop rotation, the scale of peer effects are not substantial.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document