scholarly journals The effect of crumb rubber in dense graded and open graded cold mixture asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 907 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
P S Wulandari ◽  
D Tjandra
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Good Comparison ◽  
Total Mixture

Abstract Recycling tires is one of the eco-friendly way for reducing environmental problems. Incorporating crumb rubber in asphalt mixtures is an alternative way for reusing the end-of-life tires in road construction. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the cold mix asphalt incorporating crumb rubber as a substitute for a part of fine aggregates. In this study, the aggregate gradations for mix design were selected according to the specification, Dense Graded Emulsion Mixtures (DGEM) Type IV and Open Graded Emulsion Mixtures (OGEM) Type E/20. The design bitumen content in this study was optimized for stability, void in mixture (porosity), and density. Crumb Rubber (CR) emulsion mixtures were made with optimum bitumen content at 8% by mass of total mixture for DGEM and OGEM. In order to incorporate crumb rubber into the cold emulsion mixtures, laboratory testing were performed for 25% and 50% of fine aggregates replaced with an equal volume of crumb rubber. In general, CR emulsion mixtures showed good results in all parameters. The CR emulsion mixtures also had a good comparison to hot mix asphalt specification for medium volume traffic loads with porosity less than 10%. From this study, crumb rubber can be recommended as a substitution material of fine aggregates in cold mix asphalt.

Evaluation on Mix Design and Rutting Resistance of Dry Mixed Rubberised Asphalt Mixtures

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Haryati Yaacob ◽  
Che Ros Ismail ◽  
Nur Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Wheel Tracking

This study presents a laboratory evaluation on the properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt mixture using a dry process method in which the fine crumb rubber is added to substitute the aggregates portion and acts as elastic aggregates within the mix. The effect of crumb rubber in the mixture was investigated in terms of the volumetric properties using Marshall Mix Design and rutting performance using Wheel Tracking Test. The crumb rubber was added between 1 to 3% in steps of 1% by weight of aggregates to modify a dense graded mix, Asphaltic Concrete (AC14) and a gap graded mix, Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA14) according to the Malaysian mix design. Based on the result, it was observed that the performance of the asphalt mixtures was significantly affected with the addition of crumb rubber. Rubberised asphalt mixtures for AC14 were found to have a greater resistance on rutting deformation compared to the conventional mixture. However, the use of fine rubber in SMA14 mixture with 80/100 bitumen cannot provide enough binder modification to perform as good as conventional SMA14 mixture with polymer modified bitumen. Furthermore, based on detailed review, a set of procedures for producing dry mixed rubberised asphalt mixture was identified and recommended for future studies.

Utilisation of Steel Slag as an Aggregate Replacement in Porous Asphalt Mixtures

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Gatot Rusbintardjo ◽  
Mohd Anwar Sahul Hameed ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Nur Izzi Md. Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
By Products

The utilization of porous asphalt mixtures has become increasingly important. This type of pavement has been used in many developed countries for many years with the addition of by-products to reduce the consumption of aggregates in road construction. Recently, the Malaysian Public Works Department (PWD) launched specifications for specialty mixtures and surface treatments, including porous asphalt. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the use of steel slag as a conventional aggregate replacement in porous asphalt mixtures. Two porous asphalt gradations, designated as Grade A and Grade B, were used in this study in accordance with the new specification – JKR/SPJ/2008-S4. Steel slag was chosen because its characteristics are quite similar to those of aggregates compared with other by-products such as crumb rubber, glass and many more. It was observed that steel slag aggregate meets all the criteria of the PWD specification except for the water absorption test. The samples of steel slag aggregate mixtures produced were tested for resilient modulus, rutting and permeability, which were later compared with conventional aggregate mixtures. The results show that there is a significant difference in terms of resilient modulus between the steel slag aggregate-based mixture and the conventional aggregate-based mixture. The same scenario was observed in the rutting test, where the steel slag aggregate mixture possesses a higher rut resistance. However the mixtures made from conventional aggregate had higher permeability values compared to the steel slag mixtures. It can be concluded that the use of steel slag could performed admirably during high traffic loading.

scholarly journals Volumetric Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Tear Off Shingles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nawaz Panhwer
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Volumetric Properties ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Air Void

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a tough, stable, rut-resistant mixture that relies on stone-to-stone contact to provide strength and a rich mortar binder to provide durability. The design of an SMA is critical in providing an aggregate grading that will be compatible with the high bitumen content that provides durability without binder drainage. This project investigates the use of tear-off shingles in SMA to produce economic mixtures. The mixture containing shingles were compared to control mixes (without shingles), but with fibers at the same level as those mixtures containing shingles. As per Superpave method of mix design all mixes met the air void ratio at N (design) and N (max). SMA mixtures were tested using Marshall Method for stability and flow. Mix design results showed that all required volumetric properties can be achieved with lower binder content if shingles can be added to SMA mixes. The critical property in SMA (the draindown) was controlled and the tensile strength ratio was improved by using tear-off shingles.

scholarly journals Volumetric Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Tear Off Shingles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nawaz Panhwer
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Volumetric Properties ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Air Void

Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) is a tough, stable, rut-resistant mixture that relies on stone-to-stone contact to provide strength and a rich mortar binder to provide durability. The design of an SMA is critical in providing an aggregate grading that will be compatible with the high bitumen content that provides durability without binder drainage. This project investigates the use of tear-off shingles in SMA to produce economic mixtures. The mixture containing shingles were compared to control mixes (without shingles), but with fibers at the same level as those mixtures containing shingles. As per Superpave method of mix design all mixes met the air void ratio at N (design) and N (max). SMA mixtures were tested using Marshall Method for stability and flow. Mix design results showed that all required volumetric properties can be achieved with lower binder content if shingles can be added to SMA mixes. The critical property in SMA (the draindown) was controlled and the tensile strength ratio was improved by using tear-off shingles.

Method of Mix Design for Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1062-1065
Author(s):  
Gang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Selection Of

Hot recycled asphalt mixtures are used more widely in road construction and reconstruction at present. The recycle of asphalts can reuse the waste asphalts and bring economic benefits. Meanwhile it can protect the environment and save the energy. The mix design is an important step for regeneration of the old asphalts. And it is critical to the performance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures. This paper illustrates the mechanism of hot recycling of asphalts and proposes a simple and useful method of mix design for hot recycled asphalt mixtures. In the process, the performances and grading of reclaimed materials were evaluated. And the composition of raw materials with different contents were tested for selection of the best mix. The results show that the method is feasible by practise.

scholarly journals The Addition of a High Dosage of Rubber to Asphalt Mixtures: The Effects on Rutting and Fatigue

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9718
Author(s):  
Amin Chegenizadeh ◽  
Pak Jing Shen ◽  
Indah Sekar Arumdani ◽  
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo ◽  
Hamid Nikraz
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Positive Effect

Bitumen is subjected to cracks and damage during its service life. Adding a material with the potential to increase the durability of bitumen can expand its service life and reduce maintenance costs. Previous studies indicate that adding crumb rubber into asphalt has a positive effect on the performance of the mixture. Using crumb rubber may solve environmental problems due to vehicle tire waste disposal by reducing maintenance costs needed to increase asphalt’s strength. Some studies have investigated the effect of bitumen mixed with crumb rubber; however, it seems that the effect of different types of rubber mixtures used has been overlooked. Therefore, this study aims to better understand the effects of the increasing amount of rubber addition in various types of asphalt mixtures and determine the optimal mixture that could be used in road construction. A series of experiment was conducted, incorporating various tests (such as Marshall stability, rutting, and fatigue), to test various mixtures of asphalt in the form of dense-graded asphalt (DGA), fine gap-graded asphalt (FGG), gap-graded asphalt (Stone Mastic Asphalt, SMA), and open-graded asphalt. The amount of added crumb rubber was 25% by weight of bitumen. All mixtures were classified as superior in rutting and fatigue resistance, since they all reached a maximum depth of rutting less than 15 mm and generated two times more failure cycles compared to the conventional asphalt. The most optimal performance asphalt mixture was showed by the SMA10 mixture, resulting in a minimum rut depth of less than 1.2 mm and producing 750% more fatigue cycles than conventional asphalt. The result indicates that the addition of 25% of the rubber particles in the binder can increase the properties and durability of asphalt mixtures.

scholarly journals Study on Plastic Coated Overburnt Brick Aggregate as an Alternative Material for Bituminous Road Construction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipankar Sarkar ◽  
Manish Pal ◽  
Ashoke K. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Waste Plastics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Constructional Work ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Bituminous Concrete

There are different places in India where natural stone aggregates are not available for constructional work. Plastic coated OBBA can solve the problem of shortage of stone aggregate to some extent. The engineers are always encouraged to use locally available materials. The present investigation is carried out to evaluate the plastic coated OBBA as an alternative material for bituminous road construction. Shredded waste plastics are mixed with OBBA in different percentages as 0.38, 0.42, 0.46, 0.50, 0.54, and 0.60 of the weight of brick aggregates. Marshall Method of mix design is carried out to find the optimum bitumen content of such bituminous concrete mix prepared by plastic coated OBBA. Bulk density, Marshall Stability, flow, Marshall Quotient, ITS, TSR, stripping, fatigue life, and deformations have been determined accordingly. Marshall Stability value of 0.54 percent of plastic mix is comparatively higher than the other mixes except 0.60 percent of plastic mix. Test results are within the prescribed limit for 0.54 percent of plastic mix. There is a significant reduction in rutting characteristics of the same plastic mix. The fatigue life of the mix is also significantly higher. Thus plastic coated OBBA is found suitable in construction of bituminous concrete road.

scholarly journals Assessment of simultaneous incorporation of crumb rubber and asphaltite in asphalt binders

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (208) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Javier Eduardo Mantilla Forero ◽  
Eduardo Alberto Castañeda Pinzón
Keyword(s):  
Service Use ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Cole Plot ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
First Time

Every day, roads are submitted to greater stresses. Thereby, additives have been incorporated to asphalt mixtures to enhance pavements performance. The purpose of this experimental study is to characterize for the first time, to date, the viscoelastic properties of asphalt samples modified with recycled rubber —from used vehicles tires— and asphaltite in the same mixture, at different temperatures and frequencies. All with the aim of optimizing the material properties and coming up with a proposal to an environmental issue: discarded vehicles tires and their after-service use. The stiffness of briquettes was analyzed by axial compression test. The results were principally represented in Black Space and Cole-Cole plot and indicate a substantial increase in stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt throughout the whole temperature range. This shows that the simultaneous addition of these two ingredients to the bitumen is a favorable alternative in road construction using asphalt pavements.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of WMA Containing Re-Refined Acidic Sludge and Amorphous Poly Alpha Olefin (APAO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3315
Author(s):  
Mansour Fakhri ◽  
Danial Arzjani ◽  
Pooyan Ayar ◽  
Maede Mottaghi ◽  
Nima Arzjani
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Road ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Alpha Olefin

The use of waste materials has been increasingly conceived as a sustainable alternative to conventional materials in the road construction industry, as concerns have arisen from the uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources in recent years. Re-refined acidic sludge (RAS) obtained from a waste material—acidic sludge—is an alternative source for bitumen. This study’s primary purpose is to evaluate the resistance of warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures containing RAS and a polymeric additive against moisture damage and rutting. The modified bitumen studied in this research is a mixture of virgin bitumen 60/70, RAS (10, 20, and 30%), and amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) polymer. To this end, Marshall test, moisture susceptibility tests (i.e., tensile strength ratio (TSR), residual Marshall, and Texas boiling water), resilient modulus, and rutting assessment tests (i.e., dynamic creep, Marshall quotient, and Kim) were carried out. The results showed superior values for modified mixtures compared to the control mix considering the Marshall test. Moreover, the probability of a reduction in mixes’ moisture damage was proved by moisture sensitivity tests. The results showed that modified mixtures could improve asphalt mixtures’ permanent deformation resistance and its resilience modulus. Asphalt mixtures containing 20% RAS (substitute for bitumen) showed a better performance in all the experiments among the samples tested.

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