Effects of different treatments of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the growth & physiological characteristics of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)

Abstract Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic perennial plant with various values, such as ornamental flowers, vegetables, food, and herbal medicine. It is cultivated and consumed throughout the different regions in Vietnam as a symbol associated with local culture. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of four other treatments of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the growth of lotus in crop 2021. In the present study, we examined the effects of 4 treatments: control - no AgNPs (CT), treating the soil with AgNPs 4mg/L 5 days before planting (T1), treating plants with AgNPs 4mg/L before planting (T2), and a combination of soil treatment, plant treatment, and periodic foliar application at 4mg/L (T3). The results show that AgNPs application by different methods significantly increased plant height, leaf diameter, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, and some biochemical aspects compared with the control. Furthermore, exposure to AgNPs elevated the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD). Among the different of AgNPs applications, plants treated with T3 showed the highest efficiency. In addition, the chlorophyll content and diameter of floating and upright leaves were positively correlated with dry leaf mass. Thus, the current use of AgNPs in agricultural sciences offers the prospect of researching their impact on various plants in the future.

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Adaçayı ve Dağ Çayında Tuz Stresi Üzerine Selenyum Uygulamalarının Etkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v7isp2.29-35.3098 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (sp2) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Mahmut Çamlıca ◽

Gülsüm Yaldız ◽

Ferit Özen ◽

Abdurrahman Başol ◽

Halit Aşkın

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Weight ◽

Fresh Leaf ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Shoot Weight ◽

Different Doses ◽

Number Of Branches ◽

Fresh Root

Sage and mountain sage belong to Lamiaceae family which have commercial importance from medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of selenium in salinity conditions on the morphological characteristics of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and mountain tea (Sideritis sp.). Four different doses of selenium (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/l) were applied in without salinity (0) and salinity (250 mM NaCl/l) medium. The experiment was carried out in the split plot design with three replications in the climate chamber room of the department of field crops. When the examined properties were evaluated; plant height changed between 15.56-23.85 cm, number of branches 10.50-12.78 number/plant, number of leaves 52.78-92.00 number/plant, fresh leaf weight 2.48-7.51 g/plant, dry leaf weight 0.48-3.32 g/plant, fresh root weight 1.52-7.16 g/plant, dry root weight 0.19-1.24 g/plant, root length 26.18-36.07 cm, fresh shoot weight of 1.13-7.15 g/plant and dry shoot weight 0.13-0.38 g/plant. In mountain tea, the properties were determined for plant height as 3.26-5.93 cm, for number of branches as 2.50-6.33 number/plant, for number of leaves as 28.22-91.14 number/plant, for fresh and dry leaf weights as 2.42-11,03 and 0.45-1.91 g/plant, for fresh and dry root weights as 0.71-3.97 and 0.18-0.74 g/plant, for root length as 14.78-33.26 cm, for fresh and dry shoot weights as 0.29-2.28 and 0.12-0.41 g/plant were determined. As a result of this study, 5 mg/l selenium application in salinity conditions in both plants has reached high values in terms of fresh leaf weights. In addition to this, it was found that selenium applications in salinity conditions had positive effects on dry leaf weight in sage and fresh root and fresh shoot weights in mountain tea. As a result of correlation analysis, positive correlations were found between dry leaf weight and other characteristics especially in mountain tea in terms of traits examined in both plants.

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Elma Bitkisi (Malus domestica L.)’nde Foliar Uygulanan Salisilik Asitin Donmaya Karşı Etkileri

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v3i5.221-225.266 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bengü Türkyılmaz Ünal ◽

Oğuzhan Mentiş ◽

Ethem Akyol

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Malus Domestica ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Freezing Stress ◽

Control Group ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

In our study we aim to increase frost resistance and improve the yield and quality of apple is important in Turkey and world economy. Phenological and morphological observations, physiological and biochemical analyzes were carried out in apple (Malus domestica L.) plants. It was studied to determine the effects of foliar Salicylic acid (0, 500 ppm/plant and 1000 ppm/plant) on adaptation of this plant when exposed to freezing stress, the quality and yield. Leaf photosynthetic pigment contents, total protein amount, proline amount, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymatic activities were measured. The study planned by random experimental design and statistical analysis of data with SPSS program (LSD test) were made. It was determined that fruit and shoot numbers were increased in samples exposed to 500 ppm salicylic acid and while fruit weights were increased in samples exposed to 500 ppm and 1000 ppm salicylic acid compared to the control. Also, colour of plants were darkened. Chla, chlb, total chl, proline, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase amounts were increased significantly compared to the control group. Increases occured in the carotenoid and the protein amounts are not significant statistically. In the light of obtained data, foliar application of salicylic acid were found to reduce the effects of freezing stress and to increase the yield and quality of apple plants.

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Stress-protective effect of the Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim tincture in chronic emotional stress

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2020.02.96-101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 96-101

Author(s):

Я.Г. Разуваева ◽

А.А. Торопова ◽

Д.Э. Гармаев

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Emotional Stress ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Malonic Dialdehyde ◽

Tibetan Medicine ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Perennial Plant

Cimicifuga dahurica - многолетнее растение семейства Ranunculaceae. В тибетской медицине С. dahurica входит в состав сборов, применяющихся при болезнях «гза» («болезни, насылаемые духами»: при инсультах, параличах и других нарушениях функций нервной системы). В середине ХХ века настойку С. dahurica использовали для лечения гипертонической болезни. С. dahurica оказывает седативное действие, ограничивая двигательную, ориентировочно-исследовательскую активность и рефлекторную возбудимость животных, а также увеличивая продолжительность наркотического сна. Цель исследования - оценка стресс-протективного действия настойки С. dahurica при хроническом эмоциональном стрессе. Методика. Исследования проведены на крысах Wistar. Длительный эмоциональный стресс воспроизводили четырехдневной иммобилизацией животных в пластмассовых пеналах с одновременным погружением их в воду. Настойку С. dahurica вводили животным (0,5 мл/кг) в течение 7 сут до моделирования эмоционального стресса и ежедневно перед помещением их в пеналы. Определяли выраженность триады Селье, уровень адренокортикотропного гормона кортикостерона и катехоламинов в плазме крови, содержание малонового диальдегида, и активность каталазы в сыворотке крови, а также активность супероксиддусмутазы в эритроцитах. Результаты. Установлено, что настойка C. dahurica повышает устойчивость животных к длительному эмоциональному стрессу, ограничивая инволюцию иммунокомпетентных органов - тимуса и селезенки на 22% и 24%, соответственно. Выраженность гипертрофии надпочечников снижалась на 34%, уменьшалось развитие язвенных повреждений слизистой оболочки желудка, что может быть связано с торможением функции симпатоадреналовой и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-адренокортикальной систем, ингибированием свободнорадикальных процессов с одновременной активацией эндогенных антиоксидантных систем. Исследуемое фитосредство ингибировало гиперактивацию перекисного окисления липидов, снижая уровень малонового диальдегида на 24%, а также повышало активность эндогенной антиоксидантной системы, увеличивая активность каталазы и супероксиддисмутазы в 1,6 и 1,3 раза соответственно. Заключение. Настойка С. dahurica в дозе 0,5 мл/кг при длительном эмоциональном стрессе оказывает стресс-протективное действие, уменьшая выраженность стресс-индуцированных изменений, ограничивая гиперактивацию центральных стресс-реализующих систем, коррегируя эндогенную антиоксидантную систему организма. Выявленный стресс-протективный эффект исследуемого фитосредства обусловлен содержанием в его составе комплекса биологически активных веществ, таких как фенольные соединения, сапонины. Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. is a perennial plant of the Ranunculaceae family. In Tibetan medicine, C. dahurica is included into medicinal collections used for the treatment of gza diseases (diseases “inflicted by demons”), such as stroke, palsies, and other functional disorders of the nervous system. In mid-20th century, the C. dahurica tincture was used for the treatment of hypertension. The C. dahurica tincture has a sedative effect; it limits motility, exploratory activity, and reflex excitability in animals and prolongs the narcotic sleep. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress-protective effect of C. dahurica tincture in chronic emotional stress. Methods. Experiments were performed on Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g. Chronic emotional stress was produced by four-day restraint of animals in plastic cases with simultaneous water immersion. The C. dahurica tincture was administered to animals at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg for 7 days, once a day; the last dose was administered 30 min prior to testing. The following parameters were determined: intensity of the Selye’s triad, plasma concentrations of ACTH, corticosterone, and catecholamines; serum concentration of malonic dialdehyde; serum activity of catalase; and superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells. Results. The C. dahurica tincture increased the tolerance to chronic emotional stress and restricted involution of immune-competent organs, the thymus and spleen, by 22% and 24%, respectively (p<0.05), adrenal gland hypertrophy by 34% (p<0.05), and development of stress-induced stomach ulcers. These effects could be due to inhibition of the sympathoadrenal system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, inhibition of free-radical processes, and simultaneous activation of endogenic antioxidant systems. The C. dahurica tincture inhibited lipid peroxidation processes thus reducing the content of malonic dialdehyde by 24%. Also, the tincture potentiated the endogenous antioxidant system by increasing activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase 1.6 and 1.3 times, respectively. Conclusion. The stress-protective effect of the plant remedy is due to contained bioactive substances, such as phenolic compounds and saponins.

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Use of a mass balance model for developing guidelines for treatment plant recycle streams

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2001.0081 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 169-176

Author(s):

K.H. Carlson ◽

W.H. Bellamy

Keyword(s):

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Balance Model ◽

Sludge Dewatering ◽

Adequate Treatment ◽

Materials Balance ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

The Impact ◽

Plant Treatment

Recycling treatment, plant waste streams has become an important issue and the EPA is currently developing a rule for controlling and potentially limiting these streams. The impact to the overall treatment process and the relative risk of various recycle streams can be evaluated with a materials balance model of a treatment plant. A steady-state materials balance model was developed and applied to the recycle of backwash waste water, clarifier sludge supernatant and sludge dewatering supernatant. Recycling backwash water reduced the plant treatment effectiveness from 3.0 log to 2.95 log removal when the recycle stream was treated (0.5 log removal) and 2.84 log removal when not treated. Recycling clarifier sludge supernatant resulted in a reduction of performance from 3.0 log to 2.78 log removal with adequate treatment (0.5 log removal) and 1.95 log removal with inadequate treatment (10% removal). The model was used to identify vulnerable treatment conditions. Conventional treatment with a poorly operated or upset clarifier was identified as a significant risk with the overall treatment effectiveness decreasing from 3.0 to 2.3 log removal.

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Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Floral Extract of Nelumbo Nucifera

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.756.106 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756 ◽

pp. 106-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Selvaraj Arokiyaraj ◽

Udaya Prakash Nyayiru Kannaian ◽

Vijay Elakkya ◽

T. Kamala ◽

S. Bhuvaneswari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Colour Change ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Nelumbo Nucifera ◽

Resonance Band ◽

Afm Analysis ◽

Reduction Methods ◽

Physical And Chemical

The aim of the present study is to synthesize silver nanoparticles, using an aqueous floral extract of common Lotus, i.e Nelumbo nucifera. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV, TEM, EDX, AFM & XRD. The synthesized AgNPs were confirmed due to the colour change from colourless to reddish brown just after the addition of the aqueous floral extract of Nelumbo nucifera. The UV results of AgNPs showed the excitation of surface Plasmon resonance band at 427 nm. TEM results showed that the synthesized AgNPs were uniformed; monodispersed,spherical in shape and the particle size were found to be 77.81 ± 3.54 nm. EDX spectrum of AgNPs confirms strong signals from Ag (64%) and other elements such as C, O and Cl. The morphology of the synthesized AgNPs by AFM analysis resembled the TEM micrograph. The crystalline nature of the AgNPs was confirmed by XRD. The present study concludes that the aqueous floral extract of Nelumbo nucifera could be used as an effective reducing agent for the synthesis of AgNP. The green synthesis ofsilver nanoparticles is non-toxic and cost-effective and thus remains to be an alternative method to other physical and chemical reduction methods.

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Sustainable Valorisation of Biowaste for Soilless Cultivation of Salvia Officinalis in a Circular Bioeconomy

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081158 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1158 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlo Greco ◽

Antonio Comparetti ◽

Pierluigi Febo ◽

Giulia La Placa ◽

Michele Massimo Mammano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Root Length ◽

Salvia Officinalis ◽

Root Weight ◽

Fresh Leaf ◽

Biometric Parameters ◽

Spad Value ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Soilless Cultivation ◽

Fresh Root

The aim of this work is to assess the usefulness of biowaste deriving from Circular Bioeconomy (CBE) processes (i.e., vermicompost, compost and digestate), as growing substrates for the partial or total replacement of peat, by measuring the vegetation biometric parameters of sage (Salvia officinalis L.)—leaf area; Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) value (index of chlorophyll concentration); fresh and dry weight of leaves; stem weight; root length. The results showed that vermicompost positively influenced most of above parameters (+16.7% for leaf area, +7.3% for fresh leaf weight, +6.4% for dry leaf weight, +8.5% for fresh stem weight, +0.9% for dry stem weight, +16% for root length) and, therefore, can be used as a sustainable growing substrate, alternative to peat, for the sage soilless cultivation. Yet, the results of some biometric parameters are better with peat rather than with compost (−7.2% for SPAD value, −47.3% for fresh leaf weight, −46.8% for dry leaf weight, −32.9% for fresh stem weight, −39.1% for dry stem weight, −52.4% for fresh root weight, −56.6% for dry root weight) and digestate (−30.2% for fresh leaf weight, −33.6% for dry leaf weight, −23.9% for fresh stem weight, −27% for dry stem weight, −51.8% for fresh root weight, −34.4% for dry root weight, −16% for root length). Therefore, these results are interesting for potted plants in nursery activity, while the above differences must be verified also after the transplanting of the tested plants in open field. However, the use of all the above growing substrates alternative to peat allows the sustainable valorization of food industry by-products, plant biomass, animal manure and the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW).

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