scholarly journals Application of BIM Tools in Parametric and Generative Design for the Conception of Complex Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022070
Author(s):  
Luis Quispe ◽  
Wilfredo Ulloa
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
National University ◽  
Generative Algorithms ◽  
Manual Tasks

Abstract The present research applies the Parametric Design (PD) and Generative Design (GD) for the generation of complex structures, through the BIM methodology, being implemented in design phase of a new modern proposal for Pavilion J1 of the National University of Engineering from Perú. The research aims to: Study the PD and GD considering the interoperability provided by BIM tools, propose procedures that help solve PD and GD problems, understand the benefits of process automation through generative and parametric algorithms. The conception and design phase of projects are developed in a traditional way using CAD Softwares for drawing plans or BIM Softwares for the design and/or modeling of structures, carrying out manual tasks either for the extraction of measurements, exchange of information or modeling, this implies a lack of efficiency in many processes because despite having modern computational tools, the full potential they offer is not used. This is reflected in the productivity of the construction sector as it is one of the lowest compared to other sectors such as manufacturing, commerce, agriculture. Due to this problem, new technologies were studied, such as evolutionary algorithms supported by parametric design for the conception and design of structures. Subsequently, as a test, this new methodology was applied to various types of structures, testing the parametric behavior and understanding the operation of these new methodologies. As a result of the previous tests, key procedures were defined to cover parametric and generative problems, developing algorithms in textual code (Python), visual algorithms and applying generative algorithms (NSGA-II); capable of creating structures automatically adapting to the designer's criteria. Based on the last stage of the PD and GD procedures, the algorithms for the formulation of the structure were implemented in Block J1, demonstrating the applications and benefits in various tasks such as modeling, loads generation, structural design and software interoperability.

scholarly journals The Co-Construction of Energy Provision and Everyday Practice: Integrating Heat Pumps in Social Housing in England

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis P Judson ◽  
Sandra Bell ◽  
Harriet Bulkeley ◽  
Gareth Powells ◽  
Stephen Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
The North

Challenges of energy security, low carbon transitions, and electricity network constraints have led to a shift to new, efficient technologies for household energy services. Studies of such technological innovations usually focus on consumer information and changes in behaviour to realise their full potential. We suggest that regarding such technologies in existing energy provision systems opens up questions concerning how and why such interventions are delivered. We argue that we must understand the ways by which energy systems are co-constituted through the habits and expectations of households, their technologies and appliances, alongside arrangements associated with large-scale socio-technical infrastructures. Drawing on research with air-source-to-water heat pumps (ASWHP), installed as part of a large trans-disciplinary, utility-led research and demonstration project in the north of England, we investigate how energy services provision and everyday practice shapes new technologies uptake, and how such technologies mediate and reconfigure relations between users, providers and infrastructure networks. While the installation of ASWHP has led to role differentiation through which energy services are provided, the space for new forms of co-provision to emerge is limited by existing commitments to delivering energy services. Simultaneously, new forms of interdependency emerge between users, providers and intermediaries through sites of installation, instruction, repair and feedback. We find that although new technologies do lead to the rearrangement of practices, this is often disrupted by obduracy in the conventions and habits around domestic heating and hot water practices that have been established in relation to existing systems of provision. Rather being simply a matter of increasing levels of knowledge in order to ensure that such technologies are adopted effi ciently and effectively, our paper demonstrates how systemic arrangements of energy provision and everyday practice are co-implicated in socio-technical innovation by changing the nature of energy supply and use.

Representation, Design, and Management of Generative Algorithms for Architecture

2018 ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Lo Turco ◽  
Yoseph Bausola Pagliero
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Case History ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Kinematic Modelling ◽  
Generative Algorithms ◽  
Parametric Algorithms ◽  
Visual Programming Language

This chapter critically analyses free-form generative parametric design techniques to evaluate the effectiveness of VPL (Visual Programming Language) systems, applied to existing high-geometric/formal complexity artefacts. The paneling of the South facade of the Institut du Monde Arabe (IMA) in Paris, designed by J. Nouvel, was chosen as a case history. This is to examine how through a complex kinematic modelling, the sunshine of indoor environments can be effectively controlled. The chapter focuses on reproduction, through reverse engineering techniques of the façade-type panel, through the most widely-used VPL platforms that determine algorithmic relationships. The generative parametric algorithms developed for the IMA Moucharabieh, indicate that identical rules can govern different geometries; in contrast, identical geometries can arise from completely different algorithmic formulae. Finally, the integration with the most widely-used BIM applications, is used to critically evaluate interoperable workflows.

Technological Change and the Transformation of Global Agriculture

2010 ◽  
pp. 272-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Nin-Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Technical Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mendelian Genetics ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Global Agriculture ◽  
New Institutions

This chapter discusses the economic impact of science-based research in agriculture. Global agriculture was transformed in the 20th century by the Green Revolution that resulted from applying Mendelian genetics to crop and animal breeding. Developments of biotechnology in the last 20 years marked the dawn of a gene revolution that is thought to replace Mendelian genetics as the driver of technical change in agriculture. In recent years and still far from reaching the full potential impact of biotechnology in agriculture, developments in nanotechnology promise to further push the research and innovation frontier in agriculture. In this new environment, the private sector emerges as the main actor in agricultural R&D displacing the public sector, which played a central role during the Green Revolution period. However, more public investment in R&D rather than less and new institutions will be needed in developing countries if they are to benefit from the new technologies.

scholarly journals Architectural Design Exploration Using Generative Design: Framework Development and Case Study of a Residential Block

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Jani Mukkavaara ◽  
Marcus Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generative Design ◽  
Design Exploration ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generative Algorithms

The use of generative design has been suggested to be a novel approach that allows designers to take advantage of computers’ computational capabilities in the exploration of design alternatives. However, the field is still sparsely explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential use of generative design in an architectural design context. A framework was iteratively developed alongside a prototype, which was eventually demonstrated in a case study to evaluate its applicability. The development of a residential block in the northern parts of Sweden served as the case. The findings of this study further highlight the potential of generative design and its promise in an architectural context. Compared to previous studies, the presented framework is open to other generative algorithms than mainly genetic algorithms and other evaluation models than, for instance, energy performance models. The paper also presents a general technical view on the functionality of the generative design system, as well as elaborating on how to explore the solution space in a top-down fashion. This paper moves the field of generative design further by presenting a generic framework for architectural design exploration. Future research needs to focus on detailing how generative design should be applied and when in the design process.

scholarly journals Parametric design of a complex part in a FEM environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Mădălina Ioana Blaj ◽  
Gheorghe Oancea
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Design ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Complex Part ◽  
Accelerated Evolution ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
Programming Solution

In the recent years, the industry tends to an accelerated evolution in order to maintain the competitiveness on the profile market. As a response to this challenge, engineers and researchers have started to combine multidisciplinary knowledge with solutions provided by programming software so as to obtain immediate and reliable results on each step of a product development. The main advantage is highlighted especially for the optimization phases, when the using of the parametric tools is less time-consuming and the majority of issues of the developed product are solved from the first version of the project. This paper aims to present a case study of a parametric design and meshing in MSC Patran environment, using a programming solution in Visual Basic, of a part with a complex geometry from aerospaceindustry and also to accentuate the minimized risks from the design phase to manufacturing, with a review of the advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Digital platforms and responsible innovation: expanding value sensitive design to overcome ontological uncertainty

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Mark de Reuver ◽  
Aimee van Wynsberghe ◽  
Marijn Janssen ◽  
Ibo van de Poel
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Responsible Innovation ◽  
Value Sensitive Design ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Ontological Uncertainty

Abstract In this paper, we argue that the characteristics of digital platforms challenge the fundamental assumptions of value sensitive design (VSD). Traditionally, VSD methods assume that we can identify relevant values during the design phase of new technologies. The underlying assumption is that there is only epistemic uncertainty about which values will be impacted by a technology. VSD methods suggest that one can predict which values will be affected by new technologies by increasing knowledge about how values are interpreted or understood in context. In contrast, digital platforms exhibit a novel form of uncertainty, namely, ontological uncertainty: even with full information and overview, it cannot be foreseen what users or developers will do with digital platforms. Hence, predictions about which values are affected might not hold. In this paper, we suggest expanding VSD methods to account for value dynamism resulting from ontological uncertainty. Our expansions involve (1) extending VSD to the entire lifecycle of a platform, (2) broadening VSD through the addition of reflexivity, i.e. second-order learning about what values to aim at, and (3) adding specific tools of moral sandboxing and moral prototyping to enhance such reflexivity. While we illustrate our approach with a short case study about ride-sharing platforms such as Uber, our approach is relevant for other technologies exhibiting ontological uncertainty as well, such as machine learning, robotics and artificial intelligence.

Future Trends in Sensed-Information Technology and Sensor Systems Research

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Flatau ◽  
Usha Varshney ◽  
Peter Chang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Ubiquitous Sensing ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Research And Education

Advances in MEMs, wireless, information technology and other enabling technologies are leading to new sensor system functionality and access to more accurate data and information than heretofore realizable. These advances are crucial for realizing the full potential of the on-going transition from data-poor to data-rich and information-poor to information-rich science and engineering practices. With decreases in size and cost of sensors resulting from advances in microsystem technologies, ubiquitous sensing is becoming both physically realizable and economically feasible. New developments in sensed-information technologies offer the promise of novel insights and advances in areas that have previously lacked the technology base for acquiring high resolution and highly specific assessments of state (biologic, chemical, physical, optical, etc.). Increased research and education are needed in new technologies addressing research issues relating to new hardware and software for efficient acquisition of data and information, and in new decision and control theory as tools for managing and using available data and information. New sensor system functionality will be realized through countless different design concepts. This paper examines some of the needs, opportunities, and trends for research and education in the area of sensed-information and sensor systems research.

TRACING THE SEED: SEED DIFFUSION OF IMPROVED POTATO VARIETIES THROUGH FARMERS’ NETWORKS IN CHENCHA, ETHIOPIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
YENENESH TADESSE ◽  
CONNY J.M. ALMEKINDERS ◽  
ROGIER P.O. SCHULTE ◽  
PAUL C. STRUIK
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Sub Saharan

SUMMARYThere are many prerequisites for potato production to meet its full potential as a food security crop for subsistence farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. One of these is the introduction of improved varieties. Traditionally, the introduction of new varieties is by government agencies or Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). To understand the diffusion of seed tubers (seeds) of new potato varieties in farmer networks, we analysed social factors influencing the sharing of seed of improved potato varieties amongst farmers in Chencha, Ethiopia. We interviewed 166 farmers and analysed 146 seed transactions. We used seed flow mapping to visualize seed sharing amongst farmers. We found that the social networks of farmers are differentiated by wealth, gender and religion, and that this differentiation affects the dispersion of new varieties through the farming communities: Wealthier farmers shared seed tubers most frequently and poor farmers did not share seed at all. Seed sharing was influenced by, but not restricted to, gender and religion categories. Most sharing was with relatives (as gifts) and neighbours (in exchange for labour). There weas no equal access to seed for all households because of (i) the targeting of the better off farmers by the NGO (ii) differences in frequency of sharing and (iii) terms and motivation of the transactions. Our results show that wealthy farmers most effectively multiply and share the seed of new varieties with medium wealthy and poor farmers. This study shows that for the introduction of new technologies into a community, its dynamics of social differentiation need to be understood.

scholarly journals Implementing Best Practices and Validation of Cryopreservation Techniques for Microorganisms

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Smith ◽  
Matthew Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
World Federation ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

Authentic, well preserved living organisms are basic elements for research in the life sciences and biotechnology. They are grown and utilized in laboratories around the world and are key to many research programmes, industrial processes and training courses. They are vouchers for publications and must be available for confirmation of results, further study or reinvestigation when new technologies become available. These biological resources must be maintained without change in biological resource collections. In order to achieve best practice in the maintenance and provision of biological materials for industry, research and education the appropriate standards must be followed. Cryopreservation is often the best preservation method available to achieve these aims, allowing long term, stable storage of important microorganisms. To promulgate best practice the Organisation for Economic Development and Co-operation (OECD published the best practice guidelines for BRCs. The OECD best practice consolidated the efforts of the UK National Culture Collections, the European Common Access to Biological Resources and Information (CABRI) project consortium and the World Federation for Culture Collections. The paper discusses quality management options and reviews cryopreservation of fungi, describing how the reproducibility and quality of the technique is maintained in order to retain the full potential of fungi.

scholarly journals Using COVID-19 Pandemic as an Opportunities for Technology Usage Inspiration and Innovation for African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
Work Education

In developing nations, and on the African continent in particular, the uptake and impact of technological and other developments is often slower than in other parts of the world. While pockets of development exist on the continent as a source of work, education and access much of Africa remains trapped in a cycle of poverty.In this worldwide health crisis, the medical industry is looking for new technologies to monitor and controls the spread of COVID19 (Coronavirus) pandemic. AI is one of such technology which can easily track the spread of this virus, identifies the high-risk patients, and is useful in controlling this infection in real-time. Educators have created online classrooms in a matter of days. Information resources to educate the public and track the spread of the virus using big data sprang up seemingly overnight. Finally, those of us fortunate enough to have jobs that allow us to work from home are learning the full potential of the communication technologies that the 21stcentury has bestowed upon us. None of these tasks have been easy, but individuals and organizations have demonstrated the motivation and mind shifts needed to research, innovate, and act quickly.AI embodies the field of knowledge that seeks to create machines (computers) thatcan emulate human cognitive functions such as learning, reasoning, understanding, vision, perception, recognition, and problem solving to a reasonable level. Computers that have AI capabilities are currently being used in severalreal-worlddomains to solve problems. AI has already played a significant role in each stage of fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Some areas where we saw immediate applications include the processing of large amounts of data to find patterns that could lead to the discovery of potential treatment drugs; as well astreating infected people.The novel aspect of this pandemic involves several unknowns and is likely to have a lingering impact for years to come. However, despite the current climate, I am somewhat comforted that the history of past pandemics and crises suggests an eventual recovery plan for the world. After all, necessity is the mother of all invention. New creations arise out of disruption.

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