The Emergence of Sin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Croasmun
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Supervenience Base ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Real Person ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Neurological System

This book aims to solve an age-old problem in New Testament scholarship: namely, how to understand the relationship between “sins” as human misdeeds, and “Sin/Hamartia, ” the cosmic tyrant, in Romans. It appropriates the critical framework of emergence in philosophy of science to describe the emergence of cognition and agency at the individual, social, and mythological levels. The cosmic tyrant Sin is described as a real person, emergent from a complex system of human transgressions. The work argues that this emergence is analogous to the emergence of mind from the complex neurological system that is the brain. The dominion of Sin is described as downward causation exercised on Sin’s supervenience base (individual sinners), in dialog with liberationist accounts of social sin. This interdisciplinary engagement sets the table for placing Paul’s discourse of the “Body of Sin” within the context of various ancient discourses regarding the social body. The Roma cult in the Roman Republic and early Roman Empire serves as an instance of an ancient collective “person” emergent from a complex social system to compare with Paul’s description of Sin/Hamartia. This comparison allows for a discussion of Sin/Hamartia in Paul in terms of ancient political and gender ideology.

Sin, Gender, and Empire

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Croasmun
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Roman Republic ◽  
Social System ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

This chapter places Paul’s discourse of the “Body of Hamartia” within the context of various ancient discourses regarding the social body. These discourses are shown to be oriented around a central ideology of self-mastery that frames ancient Greco-Roman ideas about both gender and empire. It engages especially with the Roma cult in the Roman Republic and early Roman Empire as an instance of an ancient collective “person” emergent from a complex social system. (The case of “Legion” in Mark 5 is considered as well.) This comparison allows for a discussion of Hamartia in Paul in terms of ancient political and gender ideology.

scholarly journals Narration Based On Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Advertisement: The Projection and Story

Nirmana ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-120
Author(s):  
Natalia Widiasari
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Side ◽  
The Body Shop ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

Advertising plays an important role in narrating the social side of a company which is often referred to as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Corporate social campaigns are often seen as dubious, however, audiences as individuals interpret advertisements based on their values and experiences. TBSI (The Body Shop Indonesia) advertisements were conceptualized and analyzed using narrative transportation. Interviews are conducted with nine informants from various backgrounds. The results of the study are described in themes, namely (1) insight, (2) the relationship between CSR messages and the participant's value system, and (3) narrative responses to CSR advertisements. The result of the study states that advertising does not necessarily make the value from a social issue to be embedded or instilled in someone. Narrative and commitment to these values depend on the individual, person by person.

Conclusion: Theology as Failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Marika Rose
Keyword(s):  
Social Economy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theology And Philosophy ◽  
The Church ◽  
Is Failure ◽  
Body Theology

This conclusion draws together the themes of the book, exploring what a theology of failure looks like in relation to four overarching themes: freedom, materiality, hierarchy, and universalism. This account of ontology, desire, and Christian theology suggests not only that completeness is impossible but also that purity is impossible. The internal rupture that both constitutes and disrupts every individual economic identity is also the rupture between the social economy of the relationship between the individual and others, language and the body, theology and philosophy, God and the created order. Theology can no more remain immune from its others than it can completely encompass them. Once there was no secular; and yet the genealogy of the church, of Christian theology, is constantly interrupted, contaminated, and enriched by the profane, the abject, and the horrific. Theology is failure; the task, then, is to fail better, to liberate our others in order to begin the difficult work of learning how to love them.

scholarly journals nature of liberty

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 831-847
Author(s):  
Nguyen Anh Quoc ◽  
Nguyen Minh Tri ◽  
Nguyen Trinh Nghieu ◽  
Pham Thi Dinh ◽  
Dinh Van Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Pursuit Of Happiness ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Liberty, and necessity are the premise for the perception of the relationship between man and nature. When objects exist in nature, individuals exist in people. Nature and man are a unity between the body and the individual in behavior. The successive act of liberty to fill the temporal gaps in the exercise of the right to life and the pursuit of happiness is the object of human science. Liberty is in itself, due to it, but depending on historical circumstances and conditions, liberty depends on different objects, knowledge, and needs of individuals, making behavior about necessity become liberty about responsibility. Individuals are acts of knowledge, with a will, and liberty is acts of intelligence and reason. When private ownership comes into being, liberty about the property becomes liberty about norms. Organizations become a means of subsistence that makes standards false. To submit to falsehoods in the course of living is a slave. The abolition of slaves is the subject of liberty. In the condition that there is no more antagonistic division of labor, diversity of occupations, an abundance of sexual orientation, and false standards are fully discovered, work and gender are equally noble and equal. 

scholarly journals Regulasi Peran Maternal Perempuan Studi Analisis atas Novel Beloved Karya Toni Morrison

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yuniar Fatmasari
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBasically, the body of the black woman slaves have experienced an immensely oppression whether from the economic, politic, and ideological dimensions; nevertheless, it is the ideological strategy which is believed in contributing the biggest and furthest effect so that the oppression still exists even the slavery has been abolished. During the slavery, the black woman slaves are forced to give birth as many as possible for the profit of the master. This shows that there is a control over the womb of the black woman slave. One of the strategies that the writer wants to convey in this article is the regulation on the maternal role of the black woman slaver. The individual maternal role is considered as a good strategy to conquer the body of the black woman slave so that they and the post-slavery black women are placing a disadvantage position in the social structure. Racism, sexism, class, and gender issues are assumed as the causal factors of this kind of social inequity.Keywords: individual maternal role, communal maternal roleAbstrakPada dasarnya, tubuh budak perempuan kulit hitam telah mengalami opresi secara besar-besaran baik dari dimensi ekonomi, politik dan ideologi; namun demikian, strategi ideologi-lah yang dipercaya memberikan efek paling besar dan dalam sehingga opresi tetap ada bahkan meski perbudakan itu sendiri telah ditiadakan. Selama perbudakan,budak perempuan kulit hitam dipaksa melahirkan anak sebanyak mungkin untuk kepentingan profit sang majikan dan hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya kontrol terhadap rahim budak perempuan kulit hitam. Salah satu strategi yang penulis ingin kemukakan di dalam artikel ini adalah regulasi terhadap peran maternal budak perempuan kulit hitam. Peran maternal individu dianggap strategis untuk menguasai tubuh perempuan kulit hitam sehingga budak perempuan kulit hitam dan perempuan kulit hitam pasca perbudakan menempati posisi yang tidak menguntungkan di dalam struktur sosial.Wacana rasisme, seksisme, kelas dan gender diasumsikan menjadi faktor penyebab ketimpangan sosial semacam ini.Kata kunci: peran maternal individu, peran maternal komunal

Ephesians

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Barth
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
The Body ◽  
Apostle Paul ◽  
Traditional Notion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pauline Theology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

Encompassing the body of Pauline theology, Ephesians (volumes 34 and 34A of the acclaimed Anchor Bible series) has been called “the crown of St. Paul's writings,” yet both its authorship and addressees are the subject of continuing dispute. Through line-by-line examination of its vocabulary, its difficult style, its Qumran and Gnostic affinities, its parallels with and distinctions from the undisputed Pauline corpus, its use of the Old Testament, and its dialogue with orthodox and heretical Judaism, Markus Barth demonstrates that Paul was almost certainly the author. And, after exploring previous explications of this hymnic and admonitory epistle in detail, he concludes that it was intended for Gentile Christians converted after Paul's visits to Ephesus. On this basis, Barth reexamines the relationship between Israel and the church, discounting the thesis that Ephesians suggests an “early Catholic,” or high-ecclesiastic or sacramental doctrine. Instead, he finds in this letter a statement of the social reconciliation which conditions the salvation of the individual. And reevaluating the section describing the relation between husband and wife, he offers an alternative to the traditional notion that Paul degrades women or belittles their rights and their dignity. In these two volumes Barth has followed the structure of Ephesians: upon the praise of God (chapters 1-3) are based the admonitions (chapters 4-6). But just as the epistle is an integral whole, so is the author's commentary. Through his special understanding and love of the apostle Paul, Markus Barth reopens to modern man the ancient message of love, worship and joy.

scholarly journals Dance as a Sign: Discovering the Relation Between Dance Movement and Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Dominika Byczkowska-Owczarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dance Movements ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents examples of the relationship between culture, dance, and the body in the fields of communication (with oneself, the community, God/deity), the social hierarchy, social values, relations between the individual and the group, and relations between genders, from the perspective of the sociology of the dance. The sociological perspective also indicates the various historical, ritual, control, and regulatory roles that traditional and modern dances play in the communities in which they arise and are performed. The second part of the text contains a case study of the Japanese ankoku butoh dance. The author presents the philosophical roots of the dance (e.g., Japanese mythology, Zen Buddhist philosophy) and the creator’s personal experiences (childhood trauma and post-war social situation) as factors that influenced the dance’s development. The example of ankoku butoh illustrates the interrelation between cultural meanings and dance movements.

Gender Ideology and Fertility: Evidence for a Curvilinear Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Stefani ◽  
Gabriele Prati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between fertility and gender ideology revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we argue that inconsistencies may be due to the fact that such relationship may be nonlinear. We hypothesize a U- shaped relationship between two dimensions of gender ideology (i.e. primacy of breadwinner role and acceptance of male privilege) and fertility rates. We conducted a cross-national analysis of 60 countries using data from the World Values Survey as well as the World Population Prospects 2019. Controlling for gross domestic product, we found support for a U-shaped relationship between gender ideology and fertility. Higher levels of fertility rates were found at lower and especially higher levels of traditional gender ideology, while a medium level of gender ideology was associated with the lowest fertility rate. This curvilinear relationship is in agreement with the phase of the gender revolution in which the country is located. Traditional beliefs are linked to a complementary division of private versus public sphere between sexes, while egalitarian attitudes are associated with a more equitable division. Both conditions strengthen fertility. Instead, as in the transition phase, intermediate levels of gender ideology’s support are associated with an overload and a difficult reconciliation of the roles that women have to embody (i.e. working and nurturing) so reducing fertility. The present study has contributed to the literature by addressing the inconsistencies of prior research by demonstrating that the relationship between gender ideology and fertility rates is curvilinear rather than linear.

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The book’s epilogue explores the place of musical portraiture in the context of posthumous depictions of the deceased, and in relation to the so-called posthuman condition, which describes contemporary changes in the relationship of the individual with such aspects of life as technology and the body. It first examines Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo to view how Bernard Herrmann’s score relates to issues of portraiture and the depiction of the identity of the deceased. It then considers the work of cyborg composer-artist Neil Harbisson, who has aimed, through the use of new capabilities of hybridity between the body and technology, to convey something akin to visual likeness in his series of Sound Portraits. The epilogue shows how an examination of contemporary views of posthumous and posthuman identities helps to illuminate the ways music represents the self throughout the genre of musical portraiture.

Living with Barren Truths: A Tale of Triumphalism and Tribulations of a Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 097168582110159
Author(s):  
Sital Mohanty ◽  
Subhasis Sahoo ◽  
Pranay Kumar Swain
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Science, technology and human values have been the subject of enquiry in the last few years for social scientists and eventually the relationship between science and gender is the subject of an ongoing debate. This is due to the event of globalization which led to the exponential growth of new technologies like assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART, one of the most iconic technological innovations of the twentieth century, has become increasingly a normal social fact of life. Since ART invades multiple human discourses—thereby transforming culture, society and politics—it is important what is sociological about ART as well as what is biological. This article argues in commendation of sociology of technology, which is alert to its democratic potential but does not concurrently conceal the historical and continuing role of technology in legitimizing gender discrimination. The article draws the empirical insights from local articulations (i.e., Odisha state in eastern India) for the understandings of motherhood, freedom and choice, reproductive right and rights over the body to which ART has contributed. Sociologically, the article has been supplemented within the broader perspectives of determinism, compatibilism alongside feminism.

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