Entertainment-Education and Health and Risk Messaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruchi Sood ◽  
Amy Henderson Riley ◽  
Kristine Cecile Alarcon
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Sesame Street ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Communication Approach

Entertainment-education (EE) began as a communication approach that uses both entertainment and education to engender individual and social change, but is emerging as a distinct theoretical, practice, and evidence-based communication subdiscipline. EE has roots in oral and performing arts traditions spanning thousands of years, such as morality tales, religious storytelling, and the spoken word. Modern-day EE, meanwhile, is produced in both fiction and nonfiction designs that include many formats: local street theater, music, puppetry, games, radio, television, and social media. A classic successful example of EE is the children’s television program Sesame Street, which is broadcast in over 120 countries. EE, however, is a strategy that has been successfully planned, implemented, and evaluated in countries around the world for children and adults alike. EE scholarship has traditionally focused on asking, “Does it work?” but more recent theorizing and research is moving toward understanding how EE works, drawing from multidisciplinary theories. From a research standpoint, such scholarship has increasingly showcased a wide range of methodologies. The result of these transformations is that EE is becoming an area of study, or subdiscipline, backed by an entire body of theory, practice, and evidence. The theoretical underpinnings, practice components, and evidence base from EE may be surveyed via the peer-reviewed literature published over the past 10 years. However, extensive work in social change from EE projects around the world has not all made it into the published literature. EE historically began as a communication approach, one tool in the communication toolbox. Over time, the nascent approach became its own full-fledged strategy focused on individual change. Backed by emerging technologies, innovative examples from around the globe, and new variations in implementation, it becomes clear that the field of EE is emerging into a discrete theoretical, practice, and evidence-based subdiscipline within communication that increasingly recognizes the inherent role of individuals, families, communities, organizations, and policies on improving the conditions needed for lasting social change.

Participatory Methods for Entertainment–Education: Analysis of Best Practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Henderson Riley ◽  
Suruchi Sood ◽  
Meagan Robichaud
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Communication Approach

Entertainment-education (EE) projects combine entertainment and education to increase knowledge, shift attitudes and promote social change using a range of communication platforms including theatre, radio, television, games, social media and others. Theoretical understanding regarding the underlying mechanisms of this creative communication approach developed alongside evidence and best practices for designing, implementing and evaluating interventions using techniques that reflect the current state of the field. Recent best practices often utilize participatory methods, a bottom-up approach wherein researchers work with stakeholders to identify culturally relevant indicators of change and gather information about the assets and needs of affected communities. Despite calls in the literature for reporting on participatory processes for health communication, a synthesis of such methods specific to EE has yet to emerge in the published literature. This comprehensive search reviews participatory best practices specifically used for the development and implementation of EE interventions with a wide range of behaviour and social change objectives. Findings suggest utilizing participatory research methods provide unique opportunities for inquiry aligned with current theory and evidence for both EE interventions and across other creative communication strategies. Implications include programmes produced by and with an audience as opposed to for an audience.

scholarly journals Sport Specialization and Overuse Injuries in Adolescent Throwing Athletes: A Narrative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1030-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Zaremski ◽  
Giorgio Zeppieri ◽  
Brady L. Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Water Polo ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World

A significant number of adolescent athletes throughout the world participate in various throwing-dominant sports, including but not limited to baseball, cricket, handball, softball, track and field throwing events, and water polo. Due to the unique stresses placed on the throwing arm and entire body in these sports, a robust volume of literature has highlighted concerns about sport specialization in these athletes and an associated increased risk of injury, particularly to the dominant shoulder and elbow, with sport specialization. This review will highlight the evidence-based literature for this athletic niche, focusing on risk factors for injury, national and international organizations' recommendations for limiting overuse injuries, principles of conditioning and rehabilitative programs, and potential future areas of research to curb the growing incidence of throwing-related injuries among adolescent throwing athletes.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy and Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Michel Probst
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Movement Awareness ◽  
World Confederation

Physiotherapy in mental health care and psychiatry is recognized by the World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) as a specialty within physiotherapy. Physiotherapy in mental health offers a wide range of interventions in regard of body functions, physical activity, exercises, sensory, body and movement awareness, stress and tense regulation and pain management, based on clinical and scientific evidence-based literature. Additionally, the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and “physio-education” (i.e. the process of providing education and information regarding specific physiotherapy related topics to patients and their family members) should be a responsibility of the physiotherapist. This paper gives a short overview of the interventions in the field of mental health to offer appropriate care to a specific vulnerable but growing group in our society.

scholarly journals Considerations for Return to Exercise Following Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 in the Recreational Athlete

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan D. Metzl ◽  
Kathryn McElheny ◽  
James N. Robinson ◽  
Daphne A. Scott ◽  
Karen M. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Recreational Athlete ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Return To Activity

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality around the world. The spectrum of COVID-19 is broad, from clinical disease requiring intensive medical care to less severe symptoms that are treated with supportive care. The majority of COVID-19 cases fall into the mild-to-moderate category, with symptoms lasting less than 6 weeks. Nevertheless, the morbidity from COVID-19 is significant and can affect multiple body systems, most frequently the cardiac, pulmonary, hematologic, musculoskeletal, and gastrointestinal systems. For patients who wish to return to exercise after mild-to-moderate COVID-19, the wide range of disease expression presents a challenge for clinicians seeking to offer counsel. This literature review on return to activity following mild to moderate COVID-19 in the recreational athlete includes evidence-based considerations and recommendations for clinicians in guiding the safest return to activity.

Spit guards, ethical policing and the need for an evidence-based approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joyce ◽  
Wendy Laverick
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the use of spit guards by police forces in the UK and to make recommendations regarding an evidence-based approach to decisions related to the use of such equipment. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based upon an examination of a range of primary source material, secondary sources and grey literature. Findings Although the use of spit guards can be justified by factors that include the need to protect police officers from contracting serious infectious diseases, there are a number of problems that concern ethical policing and human rights. Concerns arise when spit guards are deployed against vulnerable individuals, are used offensively rather than defensively and when such equipment is deployed disproportionately against persons from Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) communities. Additionally, the image of the police may suffer if spit guards are accompanied by the use of excessive force which may be perceived as an abuse of police power. Practical implications The paper makes recommendations that a comprehensive evidence base is required to assist practitioners to make informed decisions regarding the deployment of spit guards. This evidence base should include the extent to which officers are spat at, medical evidence relating to spitting and the transmission of serious diseases, the views of the public concerning the deployment of spit guards and estimations as to whether such equipment will deter spitting by suspects of crime. Originality/value This paper provides an original academic contribution to the ongoing debate on the use of spit guards within policing. In particular, it brings together a wide range of material that relates to this topic and presents it as a coherent set of arguments located in a single source.

scholarly journals Evidence and the health policy process: from traditional evidence hierarchy to inclusive and multi-source methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Francesca Celletti ◽  
Anna Wright ◽  
Eric Buch ◽  
Badara Samb
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Wide Range

Calls for evidence-based health policy have gathered force as an extension of the movement for evidence-based medicine. In clinical medicine, major investment has been made in efforts to systematize the collection and analysis of data and distinguish effective interventions from those that are less likely to work. In contrast, there is little consensus on what data are needed and what research methods are suitable and acceptable to produce a robust evidence base for social policy in the health sector. Evidence gathering for health policy must synthesise diverse sources, recognise the extent to which context influences policy outcomes, accommodate potentially conflicting interests and be flexible enough to respond to the time and resources pressures that are at play. Despite the challenges, there is scope for the development of a methodology that can draw on a wide range of evidence sources while retaining sufficient scientific rigour. These sources should extend from data generated using causal methods (randomized controlled trials) to information that can shed light on the many contextual and political issues that are also pertinent to health policy decision making.  

scholarly journals Science at the Heart of Psychotherapy: A Review of Three Evidence-Based Treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Victoria Brady ◽  
Victoria Taylor ◽  
Simon Rego
Keyword(s):  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Cost Efficient

Changes in the U.S. healthcare system over the past fewdecades have led to a transformation of the mental healthfield. The demand for accountability and the need for effective,cost-efficient treatments have spurred the movementtoward evidence-based practices. Today, a number of empiricallybased psychotherapies exist that have proven efficaciousin the treatment of a wide range of physical and psychologicaldisorders. Despite the strong evidence base for these treatments,their dissemination and implementation have beenslow. The intention of the present article is to summarize themajor characteristics of three types of psychotherapy (cognitivebehavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy,and dialectical behavior therapy) that have received muchempirical support and have demonstrated applicability to awide range of both mental and medical problems. For eachtreatment, some background information is provided, alongwith the theoretical underpinnings of the treatment, a summaryof the current state of the evidence, and limitations andcriticisms in the literature.

Therapeutic strategies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hodgkiss
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrolyte Abnormalities

A wide range of therapeutic strategies to manage cancer-related psychopathology are described. Evidence-based interventions include: surgery (e.g. oophorectomy for anti-NMDAR limbic encephalitis), radiotherapy, immunotherapy, anti-glucocorticoids, correction of electrolyte abnormalities, correction of vitamin or endocrine deficiencies, and the use of carefully selected antidepressant or antipsychotic medication. Particular attention is paid to the management of cancer-related delirium and mania, and to the depressive phenomena provoked by systemic cancer treatments. The quality of the evidence-base for these treatments is critically reviewed.

scholarly journals Biobanking in oncology and radiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel O. Roumiantsev ◽  
Ali M. Mudunov
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
International Evidence ◽  
Information Logistics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

The first biobank in Russia was created in 1998 to investigate post-Chernobyl thyroid tumors. The number of biobanks in the world is growing. Infrastructure and collaboration are improving. Ethical, legal and methodological guidelines for biobanking have been developed and are regularly reviewed. Biobanking objects are now not only biological samples of patients but also their dynamic biomedical characteristics. Comparison of genetics, proteome and tumour metabolism and in vivo radiological visualization is necessary to improve personalized diagnostics, treatment and its effectiveness. The article focuses on international evidence-based experience of sample preparation and cryopreservation of biological samples, information logistics, and integration solutions in biobanking. Guiding principles and the model of a modern biobank, integrating up-to-date technologies of digital personalized medicine and telemedicine in oncology and radiology are reported. The article may be of interest to a wide range of experts in biomedicine, especially oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, geneticists, and IT specialists.

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