Pro-inflammatory immune response is linked to wintering habitat in a migratory shorebird

Abstract Migratory shorebirds (Charadrii) show a strong dichotomy in their breeding and wintering strategies: Arctic-breeding species typically spend the wintering season in marine habitats, while more southerly breeding species tend to do so in freshwater habitats where pathogens and parasites, particularly vector-borne blood parasites, are generally more abundant. Thus, it has been hypothesized that the former group may reduce their investment in immunity, but experimental data supporting this hypothesis are lacking. Moreover, whether this contrasting habitat selection can shape investments in immunocompetence among populations within a species is uncertain. We experimentally tested the hypothesis that there is a significant association between habitat occupancy and the strength of a pro-inflammatory immune response in the Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a widely distributed long-distance migratory shorebird that breeds in (sub-)arctic areas and winters mainly, but not exclusively, in coastal habitats. Overwintering Dunlins occupying inland freshwater and marine habitats at a similar latitude were captured and acclimated under identical conditions in outdoor aviaries. After an acclimation period, they were challenged with phytohemagglutinin to assess the pro-inflammatory immune response and its associated energetic costs, measured by basal metabolic rate (BMR) and body mass changes. We found that freshwater Dunlins exhibited a higher (63%) pro-inflammatory immune response than marine Dunlins. Although this difference did not involve significant BMR changes, the time course of body mass response differed between freshwater and marine individuals. Our findings point to the existence of different pro-inflammatory immune responses and body mass adjustments associated with the wintering habitat. These intraspecific differences are likely due to population adaptation rather than phenotypic plasticity, where not only disease risk but also physiological adaptations to different salinity levels could play an important role.

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Time-course evaluation and treatment of skin inflammatory immune response after ultraviolet B irradiation

Cytokine ◽

10.1016/j.cyto.2008.06.012 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 70-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Mariela L. Paz ◽

Alejandro Ferrari ◽

Federico S. Weill ◽

Juliana Leoni ◽

Daniel H.Gonzalez Maglio

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Time Course ◽

Course Evaluation ◽

Ultraviolet B ◽

Inflammatory Immune Response ◽

Ultraviolet B Irradiation

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High Body Mass Index Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease Risk

Internal Medicine News ◽

10.1016/s1097-8690(05)71050-7 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 38 (12) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

MIRIAM E. TUCKER

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Body Mass ◽

Disease Risk ◽

High Body Mass Index ◽

High Body ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease Risk

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The alarmin IL-33 drives a ST2+ Treg-mediated anti-inflammatory immune response during immune-mediated hepatitis

10.1055/s-0038-1677273 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

K Neumann ◽

F Heinrich ◽

A Ochel ◽

G Tiegs

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Inflammatory Immune Response ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Effect of six weeks 1000 mg/day vitamin C supplementation and healthy training in elderly women on genes expression associated with the immune response - a randomized controlled trial

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s12970-021-00416-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Małgorzata Żychowska ◽

Agata Grzybkowska ◽

Mariusz Zasada ◽

Anna Piotrowska ◽

Danuta Dworakowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Body Mass ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Genes Expression ◽

Vitamin C Supplementation ◽

Group A ◽

Adaptation To Training

Abstract Background In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation and exercise on the expression of genes associated with inflammation like CCL2, CRP, IL1, IL6, IL10 mRNA in elderly women. Methods Twenty four participants divided randomly into two groups were subjected to 6 weeks of the same health training program (three times per week). SUP group (supplemented, n = 12, mean age 72.8 ± 5.26 years and mean body mass 68.1 ± 8.3 kg) received 1000 mg of Vitamin C/day during the training period, while CON group (control, n = 12, mean age 72.4 ± 5.5 years and body mass 67.7 ± 7.5 kg) received placebo. Results No significant changes in IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP mRNA were observed within and between groups. However, there was a clear tendency of a decrease in IL-6 (two-way ANOVA, significant between investigated time points) and an increase in IL-10 mRNA noted in the supplemented group. A significant decrease in CCL2 mRNA was observed only in the CON group (from 2^0.2 to 2^0.1, p = 0.01). Conclusions It can be concluded, that 6 weeks of supplementation and exercise was too short to obtain significant changes in gene expression in leukocytes, but supplementation of 1000 mg vitamin C positively affected IL-6 and IL-10 expression – which are key changes in the adaptation to training. However, changes in body mass, IL1 and CCL2 were positive in CON group. It is possible that Vitamin C during 6 weeks of supplementation could have different effects on the expression of individual genes involved in the immune response. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.

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Pattern of inflammatory immune response determines the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19: unbiased clustering analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87668-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eunyoung Emily Lee ◽

Kyoung-Ho Song ◽

Woochang Hwang ◽

Sin Young Ham ◽

Hyeonju Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Validation Cohort ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Inflammatory Immune Response ◽

Cluster 2

AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify distinct patterns in inflammatory immune responses of COVID-19 patients and to investigate their association with clinical course and outcome. Data from hospitalized COVID-19 patients were retrieved from electronic medical record. Supervised k-means clustering of serial C-reactive protein levels (CRP), absolute neutrophil counts (ANC), and absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) was used to assign immune responses to one of three groups. Then, relationships between patterns of inflammatory responses and clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 were assessed in a discovery and validation cohort. Unbiased clustering analysis grouped 105 patients of a discovery cohort into three distinct clusters. Cluster 1 (hyper-inflammatory immune response) was characterized by high CRP levels, high ANC, and low ALC, whereas Cluster 3 (hypo-inflammatory immune response) was associated with low CRP levels and normal ANC and ALC. Cluster 2 showed an intermediate pattern. All patients in Cluster 1 required oxygen support whilst 61% patients in Cluster 2 and no patient in Cluster 3 required supplementary oxygen. Two (13.3%) patients in Cluster 1 died, whereas no patient in Clusters 2 and 3 died. The results were confirmed in an independent validation cohort of 116 patients. We identified three different patterns of inflammatory immune response to COVID-19. Hyper-inflammatory immune responses with elevated CRP, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia are associated with a severe disease and a worse outcome. Therefore, targeting the hyper-inflammatory response might improve the clinical outcome of COVID-19.

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Polymerized albumin restores impaired hemodynamics in endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90431-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Donald A. Belcher ◽

Alexander T. Williams ◽

Andre F. Palmer ◽

Pedro Cabrales

Keyword(s):

Septic Shock ◽

Immune Response ◽

Fluid Resuscitation ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

Polymicrobial Sepsis ◽

Vascular Integrity ◽

Fluid Extravasation ◽

Inflammatory Immune Response ◽

Polymerized Human Serum Albumin

AbstractFluid resuscitation following severe inflammation-induced hypoperfusion is critical for the restoration of hemodynamics and the prevention of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome during septic shock. Fluid resuscitation with commercially available crystalloid and colloid solutions only provides transient benefits, followed by fluid extravasation and tissue edema through the inflamed endothelium. The increased molecular weight (M.W.) of polymerized human serum albumin (PolyHSA) can limit fluid extravasation, leading to restoration of hemodynamics. In this prospective study, we evaluated how fluid resuscitation with PolyHSA impacts the hemodynamic and immune response in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced endotoxemia mouse model. Additionally, we evaluated fluid resuscitation with PolyHSA in a model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Resuscitation with PolyHSA attenuated the immune response and improved the maintenance of systemic hemodynamics and restoration of microcirculatory hemodynamics. This decrease in inflammatory immune response and maintenance of vascular wall shear stress likely contributes to the maintenance of vascular integrity following fluid resuscitation with PolyHSA. The sustained restoration of perfusion, decrease in pro-inflammatory immune response, and improved vascular integrity that results from the high M.W. of PolyHSA indicates that a PolyHSA based solution is a potential resuscitation fluid for endotoxic and septic shock.

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Virus Induced Lymphocytes (VIL) as a novel viral antigen-specific T cell therapy for COVID-19 and potential future pandemics

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94654-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rohan Sivapalan ◽

Jinyan Liu ◽

Krishnendu Chakraborty ◽

Elisa Arthofer ◽

Modassir Choudhry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

T Cell ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Time Course ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Adoptive Cell Therapy ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Effector Memory ◽

Antigen Specificity ◽

T Cell Therapy

AbstractThe a priori T cell repertoire and immune response against SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens may explain the varying clinical course and prognosis of patients having a mild COVID-19 infection as opposed to those developing more fulminant multisystem organ failure and associated mortality. Using a novel SARS-Cov-2-specific artificial antigen presenting cell (aAPC), coupled with a rapid expansion protocol (REP) as practiced in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) therapy, we generate an immune catalytic quantity of Virus Induced Lymphocytes (VIL). Using T cell receptor (TCR)-specific aAPCs carrying co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 peptide-pentamer complexes, we expand virus-specific VIL derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of convalescent COVID-19 patients up to 1000-fold. This is achieved in a clinically relevant 7-day vein-to-vein time-course as a potential adoptive cell therapy (ACT) for COVID-19. We also evaluate this approach for other viral pathogens using Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific VIL from donors as a control. Rapidly expanded VIL are enriched in virus antigen-specificity and show an activated, polyfunctional cytokine profile and T effector memory phenotype which may contribute to a robust immune response. Virus-specific T cells can also be delivered allogeneically via MHC-typing and patient human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matching to provide pragmatic treatment in a large-scale therapeutic setting. These data suggest that VIL may represent a novel therapeutic option that warrants further clinical investigation in the armamentarium against COVID-19 and other possible future pandemics.

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