A noninstrumented quantitative test system and its application for determining cholesterol concentration in whole blood

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Allen ◽  
A DeLizza ◽  
U Ramel ◽  
H Jeong ◽  
P Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Test System ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Finger Stick ◽  
Sample Measurement

Abstract A novel noninstrumented technology has been developed for quantifying analytes of clinical interest in biological fluids. Application of this technology is exemplified by the development of a quantitative cholesterol test with performance equivalent to state-of-the-art instrumented methods. The assay chemistry combines two separate processes located in different areas of a test strip: enzymatic action on serum cholesterol to produce hydrogen peroxide (5 x 10 mm enzyme reagent pad) and quantification of the hydrogen peroxide (5 x 70 mm measurement region). Color bands are formed in the measurement area through the use of a redox-coupled indicator system. The height of the color band on the strip is directly proportional to the sample cholesterol concentration. A one-step cassette contains all components necessary to run the test and includes blood filtration and automatic sample measurement, so that unmeasured finger-stick whole-blood specimens can be analyzed by the non-technically trained user. The test is complete in less than 15 min, is read visually like a thermometer, and gives results that are in excellent correlation with established instrumented methods.

Controlled storage conditions prolong stability of biochemical components in whole blood

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Stahl ◽  
Ivan Brandslund
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Uncertainty Of Measurements ◽  
Biochemical Components ◽  
Turn Around Time ◽  
Analytical Result ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Doctor's Office

AbstractBlood specimens from primary care centres are normally transported to central laboratories by mail. This necessitates centrifugation and separation, especially since the potassium ion concentration in whole blood changes during storage at ambient temperature. Thus, because of the growing awareness of and concern for pre-analytical contributions to the uncertainty of measurements, we investigated 27 components and their stability under controlled temperature conditions from 17 to 23°C. We found that storage of whole blood can be prolonged by up to 8–12h for all components examined, including potassium ions, when stored at 20±0.2°C. We conclude that this opens the possibility for establishing a pick-up service, by which whole blood specimens stored at 20–21°C can be collected at the doctor's office, making centrifugation, separation and mailing superfluous. In addition, the turn-around time from sample drawing to reporting the analytical result would be shortened. After investments in thermostatted boxes and logistics, the system could reduce costs for transporting blood samples from general practice centres to central laboratories.

scholarly journals Occurrence of adenovirus infection and clinical impact in paediatric stem cell transplant recipients

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Bianco ◽  
Cristina Costa ◽  
Andrea Piceghello ◽  
Francesca Sidoti ◽  
Mareva Giacchino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Adenovirus Infection ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Blood Specimens

In this study, the occurrence and clinical impact of adenovirus (AdV) infection was investigated in paediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. A number of 603 specimens (including whole blood, respiratory and other samples) from 181 patients were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction; clinical outcome was investigated. Overall, 118/603 (19.6%) specimens from 21/181 (11.6%) patients resulted positive to AdV (including 17.3, 29.9, 17.6, and 15.8% of total number of whole blood, respiratory, urine and other specimens, respectively). On whole blood specimens, viral loads ranged from &lt;600 (limit of detection) to &gt;5×10<sup>6</sup> copies/mL, with a median value 2×104. Multiple specimens were positive in patients in which viral load on whole blood was high. Adenoviral positivity on whole blood was associated to poor prognosis, as death occurred in three of ten (30%) patients with persistent positivity on whole blood specimens, also despite the administration of an antiviral agent (cidofovir). Adenovirus infection can account for systemic and/or organ-specific signs/symptoms in approximately 10% of paediatric HSCT recipients. At moment, there is no indication for routine monitor of AdV in these patients, although AdV aetiology of infectious transplant complications should be taken in account.

Acceptability and feasibility of HIV testing in general medicine by ELISA or rapid test from finger-stick whole blood

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. e15-e23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Demorat ◽  
Amanda Lopes ◽  
Dorothée Chopin ◽  
Véronique Delcey ◽  
Philippe Clevenbergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Finger Stick

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry of Rubidium in Biological Fluids

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 602-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sutter ◽  
S R Platman ◽  
R R Fieve
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Calcium Bicarbonate ◽  
Interfering Ions

Abstract The atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for measurement of rubidium in serum, plasma, whole blood, and urine was evaluated, and the effects of interfering ions were studied. Absorbance was most enhanced by potassium and sodium; calcium, bicarbonate, and chloride at the concentrations found in serum did not affect rubidium absorption. Naturally occurring rubidium concentrations in serum, plasma, whole blood, and urine are 3, 4, 70, and 18 µEq/liter, respectively, much lower than expected therapeutic concentrations. Methods for preparing standards, optimum instrument settings, and special treatment of samples were established with specimens from monkeys treated with rubidium. These procedures are applicable to human bloods from patients receiving rubidium therapy when such therapy is begun for treatment of affective disorders.

scholarly journals Detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in Blood Specimens from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients by Nested PCR

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meja Rabodonirina ◽  
Laurent Cotte ◽  
André Boibieux ◽  
Karine Kaiser ◽  
Martine Mayençon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

The detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in blood by PCR could be useful for studying the natural history of pneumocystosis and could also be a noninvasive diagnostic method. The results of previous studies are nevertheless conflicting. In our study, we compared three commercially available DNA extraction kits (GeneReleaser, QIAamp Tissue Kit, and ReadyAmp Genomic DNA Purification System) and proteinase K and proteinase K-phenol-chloroform treatments for the extraction of P. carinii DNA from dilutions of a P. carinii f. sp.hominis cyst suspension mixed with human whole blood. A rapid and simple nested PCR protocol which amplifies a portion of the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA gene was applied to all the extraction products. The QIAmp Tissue Kit was the most effective kit for the isolation of amplification-ready P. carinii DNA and was used with nested PCR for the testing of whole-blood specimens from 35 immunocompetent control patients and 84 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients investigated for pulmonary disease and/or fever. In HIV-infected patients, P. carinii DNA was detected by nested PCR in blood samples from 3 of 14 patients with microscopically proven P. carinii pneumonia, 7 of 22 patients who were considered to be colonized with P. carinii, and 9 of 48 patients who were neither infected nor colonized with P. carinii. P. carinii DNA was not detected in blood specimens from the 35 immunocompetent patients. P. carinii DNA in blood might represent viable P. carinii organisms or DNA complexes released from pulmonary phagocytes. In conclusion, P. carinii DNA may be detected in whole blood from HIV-infected patients, but the nature and the meaning of the circulating form of P. carinii remain to be established.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Sepsis-Causing Pathogens Directly From Whole Blood Specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Barr ◽  
Edward Adams ◽  
Lisa-Jo Clarizia ◽  
Ruth Bauer ◽  
Stephen Springer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Blood Specimens

Stability of 5-fluorouracil in whole blood and plasma.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2299-2300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R F Murphy ◽  
F M Balis ◽  
D G Poplack
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Frozen Plasma

Abstract We studied the stability of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in plasma and whole blood kept at room temperature and on ice for 1 to 24 h. At room temperature, there was a steady loss of 94% of the parent drug over 24 h in whole blood and 52% in plasma. In the presence of an excess of uracil, 5-FU was stable for 24 h, suggesting that the loss of 5-FU is the result of enzymatic degradation. 5-FU is more stable in whole blood and plasma when samples are kept cold. For blood and plasma samples maintained on ice, the loss was only 30% and 10% of the parent drug in the respective samples over 24 h. Frozen plasma samples (-20 degrees C) were stable for five weeks. Blood specimens collected for quantifying 5-FU should be immediately placed on ice, and the plasma should be separated and frozen as promptly as possible.

scholarly journals Antigenotoxic Effects of Biochaga and Dihydroquercetin (Taxifolin) on H2O2-Induced DNA Damage in Human Whole Blood Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lada Živković ◽  
Vladan Bajić ◽  
Dijana Topalović ◽  
Marija Bruić ◽  
Biljana Spremo-Potparević
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Whole Blood Cells ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects

The health benefits of natural products have long been recognized. Consumption of dietary compounds such as supplements provides an alternative source of natural products to those obtained from the diet. There is a growing concern regarding the possible side effects of using different food supplements simultaneously, since their possible interactions are less known. For the first time, we have tested genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Biochaga, in combination with dihydroquercetin. No genotoxic effect on whole blood cells was observed within individual treatment of Biochaga (250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL) and dihydroquercetin (100 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL), nor in combination. Afterwards, antigenotoxic potency of both supplements against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced DNA damage to whole blood cells (WBC) was assessed, using the comet assay. Biochaga and dihydroquercetin displayed a strong potential to attenuate H2O2-induced damage on DNA in cells at all tested concentrations, with a statistical significance (p<0.05), whereas Biochaga at the dose of 500 μg/mL in combination with dihydroquercetin 500 μg/mL was most prominent. Biochaga in combination with dihydroquercetin is able to protect genomic material from oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in vitro.

Colorimetric determination of potassium in whole blood, serum, and plasma.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1464-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
S T Wong ◽  
J Spoo ◽  
K C Kerst ◽  
T G Spring
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Blood Specimens

Abstract This spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of potassium in serum or plasma is based on the selective complexing of potassium by a specific macrocyclic polyether, with the subsequent formation of an ion-pair with a colored anion. The colored anion is extracted into an organic solvent, clarified by centrifugation, and then measured at 415 nm. The absorbance of the chromogen varies linearly with [K+] to at least 15 mmol/L. Results of this colorimetric method (y) correlate well with the results obtained by a flame-photometric method (y = 1.04x - 0.22, r = 0.97, n = 81), with CVs ranging from 2 to 4%. We observed no interferences from lipemia, added bilirubin, or various electrolytes. We also evaluated the use of this reagent in a new automated blood analyzer developed by Abbott, a two-dimensional centrifugal system (Clin Chem 31:1457-1463, 1985). Potassium determined with this system (y) correlated well with results by flame photometry: y = 1.02x + 0.02 (r = 0.94, n = 168). With this system one can use whole-blood specimens in measuring potassium.

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