Role of the relationship between dyslipidemia and genetic factors in the development of atherosclerosis

Thyroid hormones (THs) exert pleiotropic effects in different mammalian organs, including gonads. Genetic and non-genetic factors, such as ageing and environmental stressors (e.g., low-iodine intake, exposure to endocrine disruptors, etc.), can alter T4/T3 synthesis by the thyroid. In any case, peripheral T3, controlled by tissue-specific enzymes (deiodinases), receptors and transporters, ensures organ homeostasis. Conflicting reports suggest that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, assessed by mean of circulating T4, T3 and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), could affect the functionality of the ovarian reserve determining infertility. The relationship between ovarian T3 level and functional ovarian reserve (FOR) is poorly understood despite that the modifications of local T3 metabolism and signalling have been associated with dysfunctions of several organs. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of TH signalling and its crosstalk with other pathways in controlling the physiological and premature ovarian ageing and, finally, in preserving FOR. We will consider separately the reports describing the effects of circulating and local THs on the ovarian health to elucidate their role in ovarian dysfunctions.

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Association of the polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) with the risk of leprosy in the Brazilian Amazon

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20204102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jasna Letícia Pinto Paz ◽

Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Corrêa Amador Silvestre ◽

Letícia Siqueira Moura ◽

Ismari Perini Furlaneto ◽

Yan Corrêa Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Receptor ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Receptor Gene ◽

Mycobacterium Leprae ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Vdr Gene ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

The Relationship

The transmission and evolution of leprosy depends on several aspects, including immunological and genetic factors of the host, as well as genetic factors of Mycobacterium leprae. This study evaluated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232) regions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene with leprosy. A total of 405 individuals were evaluated, composed by groups of 100 multibacillary and 57 paucibacillary patients, and 248 healthy contacts. Blood samples were collected from patients and contacts. The genotyping was performed by sequencing of the interest regions. The alleles of the studied SNPs, and of SNP FokI genotypes, were not associated with leprosy. For the SNP on TaqI region, the relationship between the tt genotype, and for the SNP ApaI, the AA genotype, revealed an association with susceptibility to MB form, while Aa genotype with protection. The extended genotypes AaTT and AaTt of ApaI and TaqI were associated with protection to against MB form. Futher studies analyzing the expression of the VDR gene and the correlation with its SNPs might help to clarify the role of polymorphisms on the immune response in leprosy.

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The mucosal immune system and IgA nephropathy

Seminars in Immunopathology ◽

10.1007/s00281-021-00871-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Loreto Gesualdo ◽

Vincenzo Di Leo ◽

Rosanna Coppo

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Mucosal Immunity ◽

Lymphoid Tissue ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Mucosal Immune Response ◽

Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy ◽

Food Antigen ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The precise pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is still not clearly established but emerging evidence confirms a pivotal role for mucosal immunity. This review focuses on the key role of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in promoting the onset of the disease, underlying the relationship among microbiota, genetic factors, food antigen, infections, and mucosal immune response. Finally, we evaluate potential therapies targeting microbes and mucosa hyperresponsiveness in IgAN patients.

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The Role of Microbiota in Infant Health: From Early Life to Adulthood

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.708472 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yao Yao ◽

Xiaoyu Cai ◽

Yiqing Ye ◽

Fengmei Wang ◽

Fengying Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Early Life ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Infant Health ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

The Relationship

From early life to adulthood, the microbiota play a crucial role in the health of the infant. The microbiota in early life are not only a key regulator of infant health but also associated with long-term health. Pregnancy to early life is the golden time for the establishment of the infant microbiota, which is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. Recently, there is an explosion of the studies on the role of microbiota in human diseases, but the application to disease or health is relatively limited because many aspects of human microbiota remain controversial, especially about the infant microbiota. Therefore, a critical and conclusive review is necessary to understand fully the relationship between the microbiota and the health of infant. In this article, we introduce in detail the role of microbiota in the infant from pregnancy to early life to long-term health. The main contents of this article include the relationship between the maternal microbiota and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the establishment of the neonatal microbiota during perinatal period and early life, the composition of the infant gut microbiota, the prediction of the microbiota for long-term health, and the future study directions of microbiota.

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Genetic origin of the relationship between parental negativity and behavior problems from early childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal genetically sensitive study

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579412001198 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 487-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Silvia Alemany ◽

Frühling V. Rijsdijk ◽

Claire Margaret Alison Haworth ◽

Lourdes Fañanás ◽

Robert Plomin

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Behavior Problems ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Causal Pathways ◽

Longitudinal Association ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

AbstractLittle is known about how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the association between parental negativity and behavior problems from early childhood to adolescence. The current study fitted a cross-lagged model in a sample consisting of 4,075 twin pairs to explore (a) the role of genetic and environmental factors in the relationship between parental negativity and behavior problems from age 4 to age 12, (b) whether parent-driven and child-driven processes independently explain the association, and (c) whether there are sex differences in this relationship. Both phenotypes showed substantial genetic influence at both ages. The concurrent overlap between them was mainly accounted for by genetic factors. Causal pathways representing stability of the phenotypes and parent-driven and child-driven effects significantly and independently account for the association. Significant but slight differences were found between males and females for parent-driven effects. These results were highly similar when general cognitive ability was added as a covariate. In summary, the longitudinal association between parental negativity and behavior problems seems to be bidirectional and mainly accounted for by genetic factors. Furthermore, child-driven effects were mainly genetically mediated, and parent-driven effects were a function of both genetic and shared-environmental factors.

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A review of current research on genetic factors associated with the functioning of the perceptual and emotional systems of the brain

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20197009009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 09009

Author(s):

Elena Vorobyeva ◽

Fatima Hakunova ◽

Irina Skirtach ◽

Ekaterina Kovsh

Keyword(s):

Visual Recognition ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Emotional Processes ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Emotional Systems ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Brain

This article is a review of modern research on the relationship of genes of neurotransmitter, hormonal and neurotrophic systems of the brain with the work of perceptual and emotional systems of a person. The role of the BDNF, COMT, DRD2, HTR2A and other genes in the processes of visual recognition of words, virtual navigation, social perception, as well as in the implementation of other cognitive, emotional processes and executive functions, is discussed. The prospects of using the accumulated scientific data to study the characteristics of the visual perception of emotionally charged Internet-content with various informational orientations are discussed.

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Association of single nucleotide polymorphism c.673C>A/p.Gln225Lys in SEPT12 gene with spermatogenesis failure in male idiopathic infertility in Northeast China

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518811770 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 992-998 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dongfeng Geng ◽

Xiao Yang ◽

Hongguo Zhang ◽

Xiaojun Liu ◽

Yang Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Obstructive Azoospermia ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Gtpase Domain ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gene Alterations

Male infertility is a complex multifactorial disease affecting approximately 10% of couples who want to have children. Some cases of infertility can be explained by genetic factors. Septins are members of the GTPase superfamily, which are involved in diverse biological processes including morphogenesis, compartmentalization, cytokinesis, and apoptosis. The septin 12 gene, SEPT12, is expressed exclusively in post-meiotic male germ cells and is considered as a critical gene for spermatogenesis. In this study, we evaluated 200 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and detected mutations of 25 spermatogenesis-associated genes by targeted exome sequencing. We report a missense SEPT12 variant, c.673C>A/p.Gln225Lys, in an infertile man with non-obstructive azoospermia. The variation was located inside the GTPase domain and had a SIFT score of 0.02 (<0.50) and was considered to be ‘probably damaging’ by PolyPhen. This case may provide clues to help establish the relationship between SEPT12 gene alterations and some cases of idiopathic male infertility. The role of this variant should thus be investigated further.

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Choosing a Markov blanket

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Parr

Keyword(s):

Markov Blanket ◽

Target Article ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000367 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 212-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thomas E. Joiner ◽

Melanie A. Hom ◽

Megan L. Rogers ◽

Carol Chu ◽

Ian H. Stanley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Risk ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Blink Rate ◽

Specific Task ◽

Careful Planning ◽

Eye Blink ◽

Eye Blinks ◽

Potential Clinical Utility ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

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Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000169 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Erin N. Stevens ◽

Joseph R. Bardeen ◽

Kyle W. Murdock

Keyword(s):

Effortful Control ◽

Parenting Behaviors ◽

Protective Role ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Parental Overprotection ◽

High Control ◽

Development Of Anxiety ◽

The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

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