Validation of frailty assessment batteries in relation to prognosis in older patients with cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Marinus ◽  
P Dendale ◽  
P Feys ◽  
R Meesen ◽  
A Timmermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Frail Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Frailty is accompanied by, or can be caused by, a combination of several physical, psychosocial and cognitive problems, and is highly prevalent in older patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, different frailty assessment batteries (e.g. Fried and Vigorito) remain to be compared in terms of prognosis, as well as the subcomponents within those batteries. Purpose To examine which frailty measurements contribute to the prediction of frailty in CVD patients, and prognosis, and thus should be executed in clinical settings. Methods In 133 CVD patients (mean age 78.1 ± 6.7 years) the presence of frailty was examined by the Fried criteria and compared with the outcome from the multi-component frailty assessment tool of Vigorito including the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Katz-scale, 4.6 m gait speed, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), handgrip strength, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and number of medications. Additional tests were executed to further enhance the prediction of frailty. Patients were followed to register hospitalisations (general and urgent) and mortality up to 6 months after the frailty assessment. First, it was then analysed whether the Fried or Vigorito test battery would equally predict complications during follow-up, and secondly a new frailty test battery was developed with evaluation towards complication risk predictions. Results According to the tool of Vigorito, significantly more CVD patients suffered from minor vs. moderate frailty (34% vs. 10%, p < 0.001) while the Phenotype of Fried did not succeed in detecting any significant difference in the number of pre-frail vs. frail patients (26% vs. 38%, p = 0.11). Moreover, the largest part of the pre-frail patients of Fried seems to be not frail according to Vigorito and the frail patients of Fried seems to be mainly minor frail according to Vigorito. Significant associations were found between hospitalisations and frailty according to Fried while mortality was significantly associated with frailty according to Vigorito and the newly developed formula (p = 0.013). Finally, based on the multivariate regression model (R2 = 0.95), sex, MNA, Katz scale, TUG, handgrip strength (dominant hand), MMSE, GDS-15, total number of medications and the interaction effect between the Katz-scale and TUG should be assessed to detect frailty.  Based on these  parameters, a new formula to detect frailty was developed (r = 0.95 with Vigorito score, p < 0.001). Conclusions In comparison with the frailty assessment tool of Vigorito, the Fried criteria may overestimate frailty and its severity. Moreover, frailty seems to be significantly associated with 6-months hospitalisations as well as with mortality. The newly developed frailty assessment battery has the potential to detect frailty in a multidimensional way, and, moreover, to predict mortality.

scholarly journals Development of a comprehensive frailty test battery including physical, socio-psychological and cognitive domains for patients with cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Marinus ◽  
C Vigorito ◽  
F Giallauria ◽  
P Dendale ◽  
R Meesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Efficient Test ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Frailty is an age-related decline in physical, socio-psychological and cognitive function resulting in extreme vulnerability to stressors. In patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) it remains to be elucidated which tests to select to detect/establish frailty in a comprehensive, valid and feasible manner. Purpose 1) To compare the frailty prevalence rates using Fried vs. the more comprehensive Vigorito criteria in CVD patients; 2) To establish which tests, from the physical, socio-psychological and cognitive domains, should be selected to be able to detect frailty in patients with CVD; 3) To establish a total score that may represent a valid measurement of frailty severity, and 4) To examine the association of frailty with long-term clinical outcomes. Methods Patients (n = 133, mean age 78 ± 7 years) hospitalised for coronary revascularisation or heart failure (HF) were examined by the Fried and Vigorito criteria (Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Katz-scale, 4.6m gait speed, timed up-and-go test (TUG), handgrip strength, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), number of medications). Additionally, physical activity, time spent sitting, knee extension and hip flexor muscle strength, timed chair-stand test and fear of falling were measured. Multivariate regression and sensitivity/specificity analyses were performed to assess which tests to adopt to detect frailty in CVD patients. Moreover, hospitalisations and mortality, up to six months after the initial hospital admission were examined. Results Any level of frailty was detected in 44% of the patients by the Vigorito criteria and in 65% of the patients by the Fried criteria. However, frailty state may have been overestimated by Fried score as 20% of patients classified as non-frail by Vigorito, were pre-frail by Fried. Furthermore, 10% vs. 38%, respectively, were classified as moderate-frail (by Vigorito) vs. frail (by Fried). Frailty could best be detected (at the earliest stage) by a score from: sex, MNA, Katz-scale, TUG, handgrip strength, MMSE, GDS-15, total number of medications (cut-off score ≥5.56: sensitivity: 1.0, specificity: 0.54, correlation with Vigorito score: r = 0.98, p < 0.001). During the six-month follow-up period, 39% of the patients were readmitted to the hospital (56% of these hospitalisations were attributed to the HF patients) and 7% of the subjects died (89% of them were HF patients). Frailty and specific markers of frailty were significantly associated with mortality and six-month general, urgent, orthopaedic and cardiovascular hospitalisations. Conclusions To detect frailty in patients with CVD, even at an earliest stage, sex, MNA, Katz-scale, TUG, handgrip strength, MMSE, GDS-15 and total number of medications play a key role, assessed by a new time- and cost-efficient test battery for frailty.

scholarly journals Frailty Scores and Their Utility in Older Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Jordan Ng Cheong Chung ◽  
Chris Wilkinson ◽  
Murugapathy Veerasamy ◽  
Vijay Kunadian
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Valve Implantation

The world’s population is ageing, resulting in more people with frailty receiving treatment for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The emergence of novel interventions, such as transcatheter aortic valve implantation, has also increased the proportion of older patients being treated in later stages of life. This increasing population burden makes the assessment of frailty of utmost importance, especially in patients with CVD. Despite a growing body of evidence on the association between frailty and CVD, there is no consensus on the optimal frailty assessment tool for use in clinical settings. Previous studies have shown limited concordance between validated frailty instruments. This review evaluates the evidence on the utility of frailty assessment tools in patients with CVD, and the effect of frailty on different outcomes measured.

scholarly journals Dysphagia Prevalence, Time Course, and Association with Probable Sarcopenia, Inactivity, Malnutrition, and Disease Status in Older Patients Admitted to an Emergency Department: A Secondary Analysis of Cohort Study Data

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Tina Hansen ◽  
Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen ◽  
Morten Baltzer Houlind ◽  
Juliette Tavenier ◽  
Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Disease Status

There is evolving evidence for an association between dysphagia and sarcopenia in older adults. For optimizing the acute health care initiative across health care settings, this study investigated prevalence and time-course of dysphagia in older patients admitted to an emergency department (ED) as well as its association with parameters for probable sarcopenia, inactivity, malnutrition, disease status, and systemic inflammation. A secondary analysis of data from the FAM-CPH cohort study on acutely admitted older medical patients (n = 125). Data were collected upon ED admission as well as four and 56 weeks after discharge. Using the Eating Assessment Tool cut-off score ≥ 2, signs of dysphagia were present in 34% of the patients at ED admission and persisted in 25% of the patients 56 weeks after discharge. Signs of dysphagia at 56-week follow-up were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with probable sarcopenia (low handgrip strength (OR = 3.79), low leg muscle strength (OR = 8.14), and low physical performance (OR = 5.68)) and with baseline swallowing inactivity (OR = 5.61), malnutrition (OR = 4.35), and systemic inflammation (OR = 1.33). Signs of dysphagia in older patients admitted to an ED was prevalent, persisted 56 weeks after discharge, and was associated with probable sarcopenia and related conditions; all modifiable targets for management of dysphagia in older patients.

scholarly journals Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the Performance and Fitness (PERF-FIT) test battery for children: a test for motor skill related fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman ◽  
Eline Smit ◽  
Rosemary Xorlanyo Doe-Asinyo ◽  
Stella Elikplim Lawerteh ◽  
Wendy Aertssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The Performance and Fitness (PERF-FIT) test battery for children is a recently developed, valid assessment tool for measuring motor skill-related physical fitness in 5 to 12-year-old children living in low-income settings. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) inter-rater reliability and (2) test-retest reliability of the PERF-FIT in children from 3 different countries (Ghana, South Africa and the Netherlands). Method For inter-rater reliability 29 children, (16 boys and 13 girls, 6–10 years) were scored by 2 raters simultaneously. For test–retest reliability 72 children, (33 boys and 39 girls, 5–12 years) performed the test twice, minimally 1 week and maximally 2 weeks apart. Relative and absolute reliability indices were calculated. ANOVA was used to examine differences between the three assessor teams in the three countries. Results The PERF-FIT demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC, 0.99) and good test-retest reliability (ICC, ≥ 0.80) for 11 of the 12 tasks, with a poor ICC for the Jumping item, due to low spread in values. A significant difference between first and second test occasion was present on half of the items, but the differences were small (Cohen’s d 0.01–0.17), except for Stepping, Side jump and Bouncing and Catching (Cohen’s d 0.34, 0.41 and 0.33, respectively). Overall, measurement error, Limits of Agreement and Coefficient of Variation had acceptable levels to support clinical use. No systematic dissimilarities in error were found between first and second measurement between the three countries but for one item (Overhead throw). Conclusions The PERF-FIT can reliably measure motor skill related fitness in 5 to 12-year-old children in different settings and help clinicians monitor levels of fundamental motor skills (throwing, bouncing, catching, jumping, hopping and balance), power and agility.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hand Dimensions, Hand Shape and Some Anthropometric Characteristics on Handgrip Strength in Male Grip Athletes and Non-Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Fallahi ◽  
Ali Jadidian
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Hand Shape ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

The Effect of Hand Dimensions, Hand Shape and Some Anthropometric Characteristics on Handgrip Strength in Male Grip Athletes and Non-AthletesIt has been suggested that athletes with longer fingers and larger hand surfaces enjoy stronger grip power. Therefore, some researchers have examined a number of factors and anthropometric variables that explain this issue. To our knowledge, the data is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hand dimensions, hand shape and some anthropometric characteristics on handgrip strength in male grip athletes and non-athletes. 80 subjects aged between 19 and 29 participated in this study in two groups including: national and collegian grip athletes (n=40), and non-athletes (n=40). Body height and mass were measured to calculate body mass index. The shape of the dominant hand was drawn on a piece of paper with a thin marker so that finger spans, finger lengths, and perimeters of the hand could be measured. The hand shape was estimated as the ratio of the hand width to hand length. Handgrip strength was measured in the dominant and non-dominant hand using a standard dynamometer. Descriptive statistics were used for each variable and independent t test was used to analyze the differences between the two groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to evaluate the correlation between studied variables. Also, to predict important variables in handgrip strength, the linear trend was assessed using a linear regression analysis. There was a significant difference between the two groups in absolute handgrip strength (p<0.001) and handgrip/height ratio (p<0.001). The indices of body height, body mass, lean body mass and body fat content (p<0.001) were significantly greater in grip athletes. All hand variables except FS1-4 (p>0.05) were significantly different between the groups (p<0.001). After controlling body mass all hand anthropometric characteristics except thumb length (r=0.240, p=0.135), hand shape (r=-0.029, p=0.858), middle finger length (r=0.305, p=0.056) and forearm circumference (r=0.162, p=0.319) significantly correlated with handgrip strength in grip athletes, but not in non-athletes, except for forearm circumference (r=0.406, p=0.010). The results showed that handgrip strength and some of the hand dimensions may be different in athletes who have handgrip movements with an object or opponent in comparison to non-athletes. Also, there was a significant positive correlation between handgrip strength and most of the hand dimensions in grip athletes. Therefore, these can be used in talent identification in handgrip-related sports and in clinical settings as well.

Development and validation of the Diet Quality Tool for use in cardiovascular disease prevention settings

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. O'Reilly ◽  
L. R. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cvd Prevention ◽  
Quality Tool

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a dietary screening tool for use in a secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention setting to identify an individual’s overall dietary quality. The Diet Quality Tool (DQT) was validated against a 4-day food diary for 37 individuals with established CVD attending cardiac rehabilitation. Construct validity was demonstrated for % energy from saturated fat (P = 0.002, r = –0.500), dietary fibre (P < 0.001, r = 0.559) and omega-3 fatty acids (P = 0.048, r = 0.327). Criterion validity was established with a significant difference found between mean (95% CI) dietary intakes of fibre (28.2 g, 4.4 to 17.3) and % total energy from saturated fat (10.6%, –4.8 to –0.8) for those with better DQT scores (>60%) versus those with poorer scores (≤60%) when compared with 4-day food diary nutrient values. The usefulness of the DQT was confirmed by both patients (n = 25) and cardiac rehabilitation health professionals (n = 8). The DQT was found to be a valid and useful dietary assessment tool with potential for use in a secondary CVD prevention setting. The tool has the capacity to be used in a wider variety of settings and further refinement of the tool would enable a greater amount of nutrients to be reliably screened.

scholarly journals Reversibility of Frailty after Lung Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Elyn Montgomery ◽  
Peter S. Macdonald ◽  
Phillip J. Newton ◽  
Sungwon Chang ◽  
Kay Wilhelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Transplantation ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Frail Patients ◽  
Lung Transplants ◽  
Frailty Score

Background. Frailty contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in patients referred for and undergoing lung transplantation (LTX). The study aim was to determine if frailty is reversible after LTX in those classified as frail at LTX evaluation. Methods. Consecutive LTX recipients were included. All patients underwent modified physical frailty assessment during LTX evaluation. For patients assessed as frail, frailty was reassessed on completion of the post-LTX rehabilitation program. Frailty was defined by the presence of ≥ 3 domains of the modified Fried Frailty Phenotype (mFFP). Results. We performed 166 lung transplants (frail patients, n = 27, 16%). Eighteen of the 27 frail patients have undergone frailty reassessment. Eight frail patients died, and one interstate recipient did not return for reassessment. In the 18 (66%) patients reassessed, there was an overall reduction in their frailty score post-LTX ((3.4 ± 0.6 to 1.0 ± 0.7), p<0.001) with 17/18 (94%) no longer classified as frail. Improvements were seen in the following frailty domains: exhaustion, mobility, appetite, and activity. Handgrip strength did not improve posttransplant. Conclusions. Physical frailty was largely reversible following LTX, underscoring the importance of considering frailty a dynamic, not a fixed, entity. Further work is needed to identify those patients whose frailty is modifiable and establish specific interventions to improve frailty.

P0253FRAILTY SCREENING TOOLS, FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND LIFE EXPECTANCY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH PRE-DIALYSIS ADVANCED CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Hussien ◽  
Mugurel Apetrii ◽  
Mihai Onofriescu ◽  
Andra Nastasa ◽  
Gabriel Mircea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Frailty Assessment ◽  
Frail Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical Tools

Abstract Background and Aims Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of being frail, which is associated with poor outcomes including falls, low functional status, decreased quality of life, hospitalization, and mortality. Furthermore, the presence of frailty might decrease the potential benefits of renal replacement therapy initiation or even leads to worse outcomes. Currently, there are over 51 known tools for screening of frailty in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with pre-dialysis advanced CKD (G4 and G5) according to different frailty assessment tools from the 4 main categories of frailty screening: self-reporting questionnaires, subjective scores, simple single physical tools and complex scores. Also, we compared the functional status and the 10-year survival expectancy in frail Vs non-frail patients. Method In this cross-sectional study, we included patients from the Outpatient Department from Nephrology unit in a tertiary health facility “Dr C. I. Parhon Clinical Hospital’’ who were ≥65 years old with CKD G4–5 (eGFR &lt; 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 using the CKD-EPI formula) on at least two occasions in the previous 3 months prior to the time of inclusion. The frailty was assessed using one method from each frailty screening category: self-reporting score as PRISMA-7, subjective score as Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), a complex score as Frailty Phenotype (FP) and two simple single physical tools as gait speed in 4.5 meters (GS) and handgrip strength using a dynamometer (HGS). All participants had the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score calculated and the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS) performed. Results We included a total number of 201 patients, of which 53.23 % were males with a mean age of 73.9 ± 6.8 years. Mean eGFR was 19 ± 6.21 ml/min/1.73 m2. Using the three proposed scores, 69.15% of patients were at risk of frailty using PRISMA-7, compared to 45.77% and 40.3% who were frail according to CFS and FP respectively. HGS was weak in 51.74% of the patients while only 35.82% had slow GS. Half of the patients (50.25 %) had a Karnofsky score of ≤ 60, which corresponds to different degrees of losing autonomy. Comparing functional status in frail Vs. non-frail patients, we found that the mean KPS points for non-frail patients was similar regardless of the used tool: 73 according to FP, 75 according to CFS and 76 points according to PRISMA 7. Same results were obtained in patients with normal GS or with a normal HGS with mean KPS of 71 points. The 10-year survival expectancy was significantly lower in frail patients with similar mean values: 20% for both CFS and FP and 26 % for PRISMA-7, compared to non-frail patients with a predicted survival of 43% for CFS, 41% for FP and 47% for PRISMA-7. Similarly, in patients with slow GS and weak HGS, the mean CCI was 24 % for both groups, in comparison with 42% and 37 % in patients with normal HGS and normal GS respectively. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare five frailty assessment tools in terms of functional status and life expectancy in elderly patients with pre-dialysis advanced CKD, but taking into consideration that those tools must be from different frailty assessment categories. Our study has shown that non-frail elderly patients with pre-dialysis advanced CKD have enjoyed a significantly higher degree of autonomy as well as higher 10-year survival expectancy in comparison with frail patients. The proposed frailty assessment tools have shown very close results in terms of functional status and life expectancy regardless of the complexity of the tool being used. Therefore, we suggest that using a simple self-reporting tool as PRISMA-7 or a simple single physical tool like handgrip strength or gait speed would be appropriate for screening of frailty in elderly patients with pre-dialysis advanced CKD who are at a high risk of losing autonomy and lower life expectancy.

scholarly journals Influence of Low BMI on Handgrip Strength, Handgrip Endurance and Hand Dexterity in School Going Children- A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Padmanabhan Suresh Babu Roshan ◽  
Chandrashekar . ◽  
Likhitha N J
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Hand Dexterity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Bmi

Introduction: The hand is the most dynamic and interactive part of the upper limb in humans and performing the complex tasks of daily living activities. The health problems due to less-than-optimal nutritional status in primary school-age children are among the most common causes of low school enrolment, high absenteeism, early dropout, and unsatisfactory classroom performance. Purpose: To compare handgrip strength, handgrip endurance, and hand dexterity in 6–12 years children with low and normal body mass index. Methodology: This pilot study was conducted among children with normal development. The age group included in the study was 6-12 years. The estimated sample 25 in each group. Participants underwent initial assessment, where height and weight were measured. To measure handgrip strength and handgrip endurance baseline hydraulic hand dynamometer and hand dexterity were assessed using a 9-hole pegboard, the participants were asked to perform three successful trials, and the mean of it was obtained. Results: Result shows that there was a significant difference between handgrip strength with BMI, with p< 0.01and no significant difference between handgrip endurance and hand dexterity with p>0.05 in children. Conclusion: The results of the current study demonstrated that 6-12-year-old children had a significant difference in handgrip strength of the dominant and non-dominant hand between low BMI and normal BMI children. With further research, it is important to find and compare the differences in a larger population. Keywords: Body mass index, dominant hand, handgrip strength, handgrip endurance, hand dexterity, non-dominant hand.

Serum Retinol and β-carotene Levels and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Morbid Obesity

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Villaça Chaves ◽  
Gisele Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
Andréa Cardoso de Matos ◽  
Dra. Wilza Abrantes Peres ◽  
Silvia Elaine Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
World Health ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

Objective: To evaluate retinol and β-carotene serum levels and their relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in individuals with morbid obesity, resident in Rio de Janeiro. Methodology: Blood serum concentrations of retinol and β-carotene of 189 morbidly obese individuals were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was identified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and World Health Organization (WHO). Lipid profile, insulin resistance, basal insulin, glycemia, blood pressure, and anthropometry and their correlation with retinol and β-carotene serum levels were evaluated. Results: Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was observed in 49.0% of the sample. Within this percentage the levels of β-carotene were significantly lower when body mass index increased. Serum retinol didn't show this behavior. Serum retinol inadequacy in patients with metabolic syndrome (61.3%), according to WHO criterion, was higher (15.8%) than when the whole sample was considered (12.7%). When metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by NCEP criterion, β-carotene inadequacy was higher (42.8%) when compared to the total sample (37.5%). There was a significant difference between average β-carotene values of patients with and without metabolic syndrome (p=0.048) according to the classification of the NCEP. Lower values were found in patients with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Considering the vitamin A contribution in antioxidant protection, especially when risk factors for cardiovascular disease are present, it is suggested that great attention be given to morbidly obese. This could aid in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which affects a significant part of the population.

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