scholarly journals Elements of the built environment that can promote physical activity in elderly: an umbrella review

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Manzi ◽  
M Del Riccio ◽  
E Naldi ◽  
N Setola ◽  
C Dellisanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
The City

Abstract Background All healthy adults aged 65 years and above, unless specific medical conditions, benefit from physical activity. The built environment can support and encourage physical activity. The aim of this study is to establish which specific elements of the built environment can contribute to improve the physical activity of self-sufficient, non-institutionalized and living in the city adults > 65 years. Methods An extensive literature search was conducted in several database. Umbrella review methodology was used to include the systematic reviews that presented a sufficient methodological quality. Data from reviews were undergone to critical appraisal, data extraction and synthesis. Results Eleven reviews were included. The elements positively associated with physical activity in the elderly resulted: walkability; residential density/urbanisation; street connectivity; access/availability of services and destinations (land-use mix destination diversity and access, public transit, recreational facilities, parks and open spaces); pedestrian/cycling infrastructures and streetscapes (footpaths presence and quality, infrastructures for walking or cycling, easy access to building entrance, benches and sitting facilities, street lights); greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery; safety and traffic (crime, personal and general safety, traffic and pedestrian safety, human or motorised traffic volume). The elements that resulted as negatively associated with physical activity were: the presence of slopes or hilliness; presence of barriers to walking/cycling; littering/vandalism/decay/vacant buildings; pollution (air, noise, sewer). Conclusions Evidences show that specific elements of the built environment can contribute to promoting elderly people's physical activity. The city restructuring plans should take into consideration these evidences in order to implement the design of interventions aimed at promoting physical activity of elderly people. Key messages Evidences show that specific elements of the built environment can contribute to promoting elderly people’s physical activity. The city restructuring plans should take into consideration these evidences in order to implement the design of interventions aimed at promoting physical activity of elderly people.

scholarly journals Impact of the Built Environment and the Neighborhood in Promoting the Physical Activity and the Healthy Aging in Older People: An Umbrella Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Bonaccorsi ◽  
Federico Manzi ◽  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
Nicoletta Setola ◽  
Eletta Naldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Street Connectivity ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
The City

(1) Background: The aim of this study is to establish which specific elements of the built environment can contribute to improving the physical activity of self-sufficient, noninstitutionalized and living in the city adults > 65 years. (2) Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted in several database. Umbrella review methodology was used to include the reviews that presented a sufficient methodological quality. (3) Results: Eleven reviews were included. The elements positively associated with physical activity in older adults were: walkability; residential density/urbanization; street connectivity; land-use mix-destination diversity; overall access to facilities, destinations and services; pedestrian-friendly infrastructures; greenery and aesthetically pleasing scenery; high environmental quality; street lighting; crime-related safety; traffic-related safety. The elements that were negatively associated with physical activity were: poor pedestrian access to shopping centers; poor pedestrian-friendly infrastructure and footpath quality; barriers to walking/cycling; lack of aesthetically pleasing scenery; crime-related unsafety; unattended dogs; inadequate street lighting and upkeep; traffic; littering, vandalism, decay; pollution; noise. (4) Conclusions: Evidence shows that specific elements of the built environment can contribute to promoting older people’s physical activity. The city restructuring plans should take into consideration these factors.

scholarly journals FACTORS LINKED TO THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Fabrício Bruno Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.

scholarly journals Atividade física e pessoas idosas - capacidades funcionais e cognitivas associadas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Andréa Mathes Faustino ◽  
Emilly Dayane de Castro Lopes ◽  
Rui Neves
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
The City ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se idosos com melhores desempenhos funcionais e cognitivos conseguem manter níveis adequados de atividade física. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, com amostra intencional com 150 idosos, na cidade de Brasília, Brasil.  Para determinar o nível de atividade física foi utilizado o International Physical Activity Questionnaire, além de avaliações em relação as atividades básicas, instrumentais de vida diária e cognitiva. A média de idade foi de 67,8 anos (±5,39), 58% mulheres, apenas 11,3% realizavam 150 minutos de atividade física semanalmente e 4,7% sedentários. Somente em relação às atividades básicas de autocuidado (p=0,014) houve uma associação significativa.  Ser independente em atividades básicas de autocuidado foi estatisticamente significativo, ou seja, quando o idoso não necessita de auxílio para realizar atividades de higiene corporal, ou de transferências, entre outras, maior é a chance de conseguir realizar o mínimo de 150 minutos de atividade física semanal.Descritores: Atividade Motora, Atividades Cotidianas, Cognição, Idoso. Physical activity and elderly people - functional and associated cognitive capacitiesAbstract: The aim of the study was to verify whether the elderly with better functional and cognitive performances are able to maintain adequate levels of physical activity. This is a descriptive study, with an intentional sample of 150 elderly people, in the city of Brasília, Brazil. The international physical activity questionnaire was used to determine the level of physical activity, in addition to counts in relation to basic, instrumental activities of daily and cognitive life. The average age was 67.8 years (± 5.39), 58% women, only 11.3% performed 150 minutes of physical activity weekly and 4.7% sedentary. Only in relation to basic self-care activities (p = 0.014) was there a significant association. Being independent in basic self-care activities was statistically significant, that is, when the elderly do not need assistance to perform body hygiene activities, or transfers, among others, the greater the chance of achieving a minimum of 150 minutes of physical activity per week.Descriptors: Physical Activity, Daily Activities, Cognition, Elderly. Actividad física y personas mayores - capacidades cognitivas funcionales y asociadasResumen: El objetivo del estudio fue verificar si los ancianos con mejores rendimientos funcionales y cognitivos consiguen mantener niveles adecuados de actividad física. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, con una muestra intencional de 150 ancianos, en la ciudad de Brasilia, Brasil. Se utilizó el cuestionario internacional de actividad física para determinar el nivel de actividad física, además de los conteos en relación a las actividades básicas, instrumentales de la vida diaria y cognitiva. La edad promedio fue de 67,8 años (± 5,39), el 58% mujeres, solo el 11,3% realizaba 150 minutos de actividad física semanalmente y el 4,7% sedentario. Solo en relación a las actividades básicas de autocuidado (p = 0,014) hubo asociación significativa. Ser independiente en las actividades básicas de autocuidado resultó estadísticamente significativo, es decir, cuando los ancianos no necesitan asistencia para realizar actividades de higiene corporal, o traslados, entre otros, mayor es la probabilidad de lograr un mínimo de 150 minutos de actividad física por semana.Descriptores: Actividad Motora, Actividades Cotidianas, Cognición, Anciano.

Forms of physical activity of the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Piotr Czarnecki ◽  
◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Lidia Perenc ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Physical activity is known to be an important factor influencing health throughout human life. This issue has become crucial for public health due to the aging of the population in both developed and developing countries. Aim. is to present a literature review on the forms of physical activity undertaken by the elderly, as well as on issues related to physical activity and the population aging. Material and methods. The study was prepared on the basis of a review of Polish and foreign literature. The following databases and data sources were used: EBSCO, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. An additional source of data were the websites of the Central Statistical Office. Strictly defined key phrases were used during the collection of literature. The work has been divided into thematic subsections on the aging of the society, the impact of physical activity on health and the main topic, i.e. forms of physical activity selected by the elderly. Analysis of the literature. The number of elderly people in Polish society has increased by almost 3.7 million over three decades. Therefore, an important topic is prophylaxis aimed at increasing the number of days in good health, largely covering the broadly understood activation of the elderly. The available data indicate that only 12% of elderly people undertake physical activity once a week. The most common form of spending free time actively is walking (as many as 73% of people in this population declare this form of physical activity in one of the presented studies). Conclusion. Organized forms of physical activity are undertaken much less frequently by the analyzed age group mainly due to financial limitations and limited availability of sports infrastructure.

Prevention and Control of Trichotomy Infection in the Elderly Surgical Patient: An Umbrella Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Ferreira ◽  
Filipe Orfao ◽  
Cesar Fonseca ◽  
Lara Guedes de Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surgical Patient ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The World Health Organization creates norms and guidelines for the adoption of good practices in health care that are provided to the surgical patient. In order to prevent and control infections associated with health care, the nurse must follow the guidelines for preparing the surgical patient for success. These infections can be particularly harmful to the elderly person given their vulnerability. The preoperative preparation, includes the trichotomy as one of the interventions to be performed, however, is one of the most controversial interventions that has caused in clinical practice, by the potential risk of infection in the surgical patient. Aim: To investigate the need for trichotomy, or removal of hair, in the preparation of the skin of the surgical patient, clarifying which is the most appropriate technique in the prevention of infection. Methodology: we conducted an umbrella review. The documentary research followed the consultation of bibliographic sources in the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) and Public/Publisher Medline (PubMed) databases. The researched articles were grouped in a time horizon between 2011 and 2020. Afer data extraction, a narrative analysis was performed. Results: We found 40 articles from which 8 were selected. Conclusion: Trichotomy should be avoided by increasing the risk of infection of the surgical site. Innovative haircut and vacuum technologies can help in hair removal, mitigating the risk of contaminating the surgical incision. The timing of the trichotomy is not consensual among researchers.

scholarly journals The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life, muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Martinez Orlando ◽  
Maria Stella Peccin da Silva ◽  
Império Lombardi Junior
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Assess Quality ◽  
The City

INTRODUCTION: Ageing has become a huge public health challenge due to the need to find solutions for improving quality of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess quality of life, muscle strength, balance and physical capacity among elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out involving 74 elderly individuals in the city of Santos (state of São Paulo, Brazil), divided into two groups: practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for the classification of the participants. The generic SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. The Berg scale was used for the analysis of balance. Dynamometry was used for the muscle strength test. The six-minute walk test was used for the assessment of physical capacity. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between elderly practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity regarding quality of life (p = 0.001), muscle strength (p = 0.001), balance (p = 0.001) and physical capacity (p = 0.001). The data also showed that aspects of quality of life were strongly correlated with physical capacity among the non-practitioners of physical activity (r = 0.741). CONCLUSION: Elderly individuals in the city of Santos (Brazil) who practice physical activity have better quality of life, muscle strength, physical capacity and balance in comparison to those who do not practice physical activity.

scholarly journals A Context-Aware Accurate Wellness Determination (CAAWD) Model for Elderly People Using Lazy Associative Classification

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Sabir Ujager ◽  
Azhar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Classification Rules ◽  
Training Time

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based smart homes are proving to be an ideal candidate to provide better healthcare facilities to elderly people in their living areas. Several currently proposed techniques have implementation and usage complexities (such as wearable devices and the charging of these devices) which make these proposed techniques less acceptable for elderly people, while the behavioral analysis based on visual techniques lacks privacy. In this paper, a context-aware accurate wellness determination (CAAWD) model for elderly people is presented, where behavior monitoring information is extracted by using simple sensor nodes attached to household objects and appliances for the analysis of daily, frequent behavior patterns of elderly people in a simple and non-obtrusive manner. A contextual data extraction algorithm (CDEA) is proposed for the generation of contextually comprehensive behavior-training instances for accurate wellness classification. The CDEA presents an activity’s spatial–temporal information along with behavioral contextual correlation aspects (such as the object/appliance of usage and sub-activities of an activity) which are vital for accurate wellness analysis and determination. As a result, the classifier is trained in a more logical manner in the context of behavior parameters which are more relevant for wellness determination. The frequent behavioral patterns are classified using the lazy associative classifier (LAC) for wellness determination. The associative nature of LAC helps to integrate spatial–temporal and related contextual attributes (provided by CDEA) of elderly behavior to generate behavior-focused classification rules. Similarly, LAC provides high accuracy with less training time of the classifier, includes minimum-support behavior patterns, and selects highly accurate classification rules for the classification of a test instance. CAAWD further introduces the ability to contextually validate the authenticity of the already classified instance by taking behavioral contextual information (of the elderly person) from the caregiver. Due to the consideration of spatial–temporal behavior contextual attributes, the use of an efficient classifier, and the ability to contextually validate the classified instances, it has been observed that the CAAWD model out-performs currently proposed techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, and f-measure.

Physical activity and cognitive impairment among the elderly in some districts of Ha Nam province in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Hai Van ◽  
Dao Anh Son ◽  
Pham Quang Thai
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was conducted on 1,210 elderly people (aged 60 and older) with the purpose of understanding physical activity and cognitive impairment among elderly people in some districts of Ha Nam province in 2018. The results showed that the percentage of elderly people with symptoms of cognitive impairment was high, accounting for 46.36%. There was a significant difference between the rate of cognitive impairment of the group who exercised frequently (41.92%) and that of the group who did not exercise (51.62%) (p<0.05). Compared to the Non-exercise group, the risks of cognitive impairment of group exercise 15 - 45 minutes/week (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51 - 0.93); group exercise 45 - 90 minute/week group (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.84) and group exercise Over 90 minutes/week (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.67) were all significantly lower. The more time the research subjects exercise, the lower their risk of developing cognitive impairment became. Our finding suggests that physical activities may delay or prevent the onset of cognitive impairment in elderly people. It is necessary to expand research, continue to apply the cognitive screening test based on international standards, while guiding and encouraging elderly people to carry out physical activities according to their capabilities and international recommendations.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation Interventions for Therapeutic Purposes in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Farnia Velayati ◽  
Haleh Ayatollahi ◽  
Morteza Hemmat
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Many elderly people suffer from chronic health conditions and mobility limitations. Therefore, they may benefit from traditional rehabilitation or telerehabilitation interventions as an alternative for this type of services. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of telerehabilitation interventions with traditional rehabilitation services for therapeutic purposes in the elderly. Methods This systematic review was conducted in 2018. The searched databases were Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ProQuest. The search was conducted with no time or language limitation. The selected papers included the randomized clinical trial studies in which elderly people aged 60 and over used telerehabilitation services for treatment purposes. The quality of the studies was evaluated by using the physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale. Data were extracted by using a data extraction form and findings were narratively synthesized. Results After screening the retrieved papers, eight articles were selected to be included in the study. According to the findings, telerehabilitation was used for the elderly after stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), total knee replacement, and in patients with the comorbidity of COPD and chronic heart failure. Overall, in most studies, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups and the level of improvements was similar for most outcomes. Conclusion Telerehabilitation services can be regarded as an alternative to traditional rehabilitation approaches to reduce outpatient resource utilization and improve quality of life. However, more rigorous studies are suggested to investigate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation services for specific diseases or health conditions.

Impact of Pharmacist Interventions on Medication Management by the Elderly: A Review of the Literature

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Tett ◽  
Gwen M. Higgins ◽  
Carol L. Armour
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Computer Search ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Pharmacist Interventions ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: To review the impact of pharmacist interventions designed to assist older people in managing their medication regimens. DATA SOURCES: A computer search of literature published between 1975 and 1990 was conducted using MEDLINE. References were also identified from the bibliographies of pertinent articles. STUDY SELECTION: Studies included in the review were those evaluating pharmacist interventions that were designed to assist in medication management by people over 65 years of age. Only nine studies were identified by these criteria. Interventions that have not been evaluated are discussed briefly. The studies included were chosen by consensus of the authors. DATA EXTRACTION: A data extraction form was used to summarize the information in each study. RESULTS: This was a qualitative review. Some studies evaluating the effects of short verbal medication counseling episodes showed positive benefits; others showed no benefit. Written medication information, some memory devices, and audiovisual techniques have also been found to be of limited use. Self-medication programs for hospitalized elderly people need to be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: This review identified the lack of published evaluations of pharmacist interventions in medication management by elderly people. Well-designed studies need to be performed to determine the effects of individualized advice and counseling. The cost-effectiveness of such interventions should be assessed, with consideration of long-term outcomes, such as readmission rates to the hospital and cost savings accruing from increased duration of independent living.

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