scholarly journals Monitoring regional-level vaccination coverage rates in Lombardy Region (Northern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Croci ◽  
D Rossi ◽  
A Odone ◽  
C Signorelli
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Populated Region ◽  
Coverage Rates

Abstract Background Lombardy is Italy's most affluent and most populated region, with the highest national per capita GDP, and over 10 million residents - more than 16 out of 27 EU countries. In 2017, two measures were approved against vaccine hesitancy, i.e. the National Plan for Vaccine Prevention (2017-2019) and Law no. 119 on mandatory vaccinations. Aim of the study is to monitor Lombardy regional-level vaccine coverage trends and to assess the new legislative framework's overall impact. Methods We analysed and critically interpreted Lombardy regional-level vaccination coverage (2000-2018 for childhood vaccinations; birth cohorts 1997-2005 for HPV; flu seasons 1999-2000/2018-2019 for influenza). All data were extracted from the Italian Ministry of Health website. We carried out descriptive trend analysis for measles and polio-containing vaccines in 24 month-old-children, Human Papilloma Virus vaccine in 12-year-old females, and influenza vaccine in seniors over 65 years. Regional data were compared with the corresponding Italian national averages. Results Childhood vaccinations: Lombardy and Italy have never met the 95% target for measles-containing vaccines (average coverage 2000-2018: Lombardy 91,79%, Italy 86,94%). Polio-containing vaccines have always remained above the 95% threshold, with a drop in 2015-2017. In 2018 they increased back to safety levels (Lombardy 95,31%, Italy 95,09%). HPV: coverage has always kept below WHO/SAGE intermediate 80% goal (average coverage, birth cohorts 1997-2005: Lombardy 75,58%, Italy 72,73%). Influenza: mean coverage has been alarmingly inadequate (Lombardy 54,09%, Italy 57,98%) compared to WHO-recommended minimum of 75%. Conclusions Except for influenza, coverage in Lombardy is slightly higher than the Italian average. Exploring Lombardy's response to the national legislation could guide policymakers in developing tailored vaccination strategies. Key messages Overall, vaccination coverage in Lombardy is slightly higher than the Italian average. In 2017, law n.119 on mandatory vaccinations came into force, acting as a powerful tool for coverage increase.

scholarly journals Measles in Italy 2002: studies show correlation between vaccine coverage and incidence

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Ciofi Degli Atti ◽  
P D'Argenio ◽  
G di Giorgio ◽  
A Filonzi ◽  
L Grandori
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Catch Up

The geographical distribution of measles in Italy during the epidemic that occurred in 2002 (1) closely reflected the vaccination coverage distribution at provincial and regional level. Over recent years there had been an accumulation of susceptible children and adolescents. Estimates of the full impact of the 2002 epidemic are awaited although by July in one region there had been 13 cases of encephalitis and three deaths (1). To eliminate measles in Italy, it will be necessary to vaccinate more than 95% of children with two doses of vaccine and reduce older susceptibles with supplementary “catch-up” vaccination programmes. Also, as elimination gets closer, surveillance and the capacity to investigate epidemics must be improved.

scholarly journals Influenza vaccination coverage rates in the general population and risk groups: A review of the current international situation

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 1138-1147
Author(s):  
Aneta Nitsch-Osuch ◽  
Anna Jagielska ◽  
Lidia B. Brydak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Coverage Rates

Although several national and international recommendations have been published, influenza vaccinations are carried out too rarely and thus vaccine coverage rates, both in the general population and in risk groups, remain at an unsatisfactorily low level. The paper presents the current data describing influenza vaccine coverage rates in different countries, in the general population and risk groups (including patients with chronic diseases, pregnant women, children the elderly) and health care workers. It is emphasized that there are many limitations related to the estimation of coverage rates. Methods that are currently used for the assessment of influenza vaccination coverage rates include the following: an analysis of data from health care facilities or providers, from national health insurance records, from well-documented national or private vaccine programs targeting at specific smaller groups, evaluation of national vaccine register, and national surveys of individuals. The establishment of coverage rates among specific groups usually requires another approach with the use of individual web- or telephone- based surveys, which is why selection bias and recall bias should be taken into consideration while discussing the results. The most common drivers and barriers for influenza vaccination are also identified and presented in the review.

scholarly journals Vaccine Hesitancy in the Time of COVID-19: Attitudes and Intentions of Teens and Parents Regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Amy B. Middleman ◽  
Judy Klein ◽  
Jane Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
The Us ◽  
Coverage Rates

To assess attitudes and intentions related to the COVID-19 vaccine during the pandemic, we surveyed adolescents aged 13–18 years and the parents of 13–18-year-olds using national research panels on three occasions or “waves”: before the COVID-19 vaccine was available, after it was available for adults, and after it was available for ages ≥12 years. Data on experiences with COVID-19, the importance of adolescent vaccines, and intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed across time points. We found that parental concerns about vaccine safety significantly increased from Wave 1 to 2. Social media had a negative influence on parents’ and adolescents’ opinions about vaccine safety. Demographic variables were associated with vaccination rates reported in Wave 3, consistent with known inequities related to vaccine access. Parents (70%) were supportive of concomitant COVID-19 vaccination with other adolescent vaccines for teens. It is important to address variables associated with vaccine hesitancy to increase COVID-19 vaccine coverage rates in the US.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and vaccine coverage during wild-type poliovirus emergence in Israel

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (13) ◽  
pp. 2840-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BINYAMINY ◽  
N. BILENKO ◽  
E. J. HAAS ◽  
I. GROTTO ◽  
M. GDALEVICH
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Coverage Rates

SUMMARYIn August 2013, a nationwide vaccination campaign with bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) was initiated after isolation of wild-type poliovirus type 1 (WPV-1) in routine sewage surveillance in Israel. The campaign started in the Southern district and later extended to the entire country. This study examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES), and compliance with bOPV vaccine during the campaign. Nationwide data relating to SES by geographical cluster were correlated with vaccine coverage rates in the same areas. All analyses were conducted separately for Jews and Arabs. Coverage with the bOPV vaccination campaign in the Arab population (92·4%) was higher than in the Jewish population (59·2%). This difference was consistently present in all SES clusters. In the Jewish population there was an inverse correlation between SES and vaccination coverage rates (R= −0·93,P< 0·001). Lower vaccination coverage with supplemental vaccine activities in higher SES groups is a challenge that needs to be addressed in future public health events and emergencies in order to achieve satisfactory protection rates for the public.

scholarly journals Vaccination and Vaccine Effectiveness: A Commentary of Special Issue Editors

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Claudio Costantino ◽  
Alessandra Casuccio ◽  
Vincenzo Restivo
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Personal Risk Factors ◽  
Coverage Rates

The Special Issue “Vaccination and Vaccine Effectiveness”, published in the journal Vaccines, has the main aim to increase international literature data on vaccine effectiveness and safety and on vaccination strategies in order to reduce vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination coverage rates. The main topics included in the call for papers were vaccines administered to infants, adolescents, adults, elderly people, at-risk populations (due to comorbidities and personal risk factors) and healthcare workers and strategies adopted to promote vaccination adherence among these categories. This Special Issue started from the assumption that, despite vaccination being universally recognized as one of the best strategies to increase duration and quality of life during the last centuries, vaccination coverage rates are often under the levels recommended to reduce circulation and to extinguish vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccine hesitancy involves at least 15% of the general population, and healthcare workers also sometimes demonstrate doubts on vaccination effectiveness and safety. At the end of the six-month submission period, 16 articles (15 research article and one review) were accepted after the peer-review processes and published online.

scholarly journals Measles vaccine coverage among children born to Somali immigrants in Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherin Marie Jenness ◽  
Preben Aavitsland ◽  
Richard Aubrey White ◽  
Brita Askeland Winje
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
National Immunisation ◽  
Somali Immigrants ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Measles Vaccination

Abstract Background Despite overall good vaccination coverage in many countries, vaccine hesitancy has hindered full coverage and exposed groups to the risk of outbreaks. Somali immigrant groups have been known to have low measles vaccination coverage, leading to outbreaks in their communities. Current research indicates a general lack of trust in the healthcare system, the use of alternative information sources and inadequate health literacy can be contributing factors. We explore measles vaccine coverage in children born to Somali parents in Norway, whether it has changed over time and factors that may influence coverage. Methods Data was extracted from the National Population Register on all children born in Norway from 2000 to 2016, where both parents originated from Somalia. Date of birth, gender, residential area at birth and date of immigration and emigration for both parents was linked to information on measles vaccination from the National Immunisation Register. Results We found that children born to Somali immigrants in Norway had suboptimal measles vaccine coverage at 2 years; for children born in 2016 the coverage was 85%. Coverage declined between 2000 and 2016, and at a greater rate for boys than girls. Children born to mothers residing in Norway for 6 years or more had lower coverage compared to those with mothers residing less than 2 years prior to their birth. Children born in the capital and surrounding county had significantly lower coverage than children born elsewhere in Norway. Discussion New targeted interventions are needed to improve measles vaccine coverage among Somali immigrants in Norway. Some possible strategies include using Somali social media platforms, improving communication with Somali parents and tighter cooperation between various countries’ vaccination programmes.

scholarly journals A strategy to increase and assess vaccine coverage in the north of Portugal

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gonçalves ◽  
M A Frutuoso ◽  
M C Ferreira ◽  
M G Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Health Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
International Data ◽  
Individual Vaccination

In the Northern Health Region of Portugal, vaccine coverage is measured by checking and studying individual vaccination records in health centres. Each year from 2001-2004, birth cohorts completing 2, 6 and 14 years of age were selected for assessment. Data collection occurred on January the following year and meetings with district immunisation coordinators took place every March. For all vaccines and birth cohorts considered, vaccine coverage values observed in the north of Portugal were excellent. In this paper, we make comparisons with published international data on vaccine coverage and discuss validity issues; we believe that no serious biases have affected the validity of our vaccine coverage data but comparisons with international data must be addressed with caution; the methods we used have been useful in increasing vaccination coverage.

scholarly journals A Systems Map to Elucidate the Factors Influencing Vaccine Coverage

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-150
Author(s):  
Ellie Cassandra Clark ◽  
Florian De Rop ◽  
Iria Anne Jimenez Garcia ◽  
Ana Nogal Macho ◽  
Ruel Alexander Mannette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Vaccine Confidence

Abstract This abstract is a report of the investigations by a transdisciplinary team working on the ‘Vaccine Confidence’ challenge (Supplement 1). Since their introduction, vaccines have been one of the most successful health interventions in medicine. Prior to vaccination programs against poliomyelitis, more than 350,000 cases of polio were reported annually worldwide, a number that decreased to just 33 reported cases in 20181. Additionally, between 2000 and 2017, the measles vaccination program is estimated to have prevented 21.1 million deaths.2 However, in 2018 more than 19 million children under one year of age did not receive the recommended WHO vaccines.3 A recent rise in anti-vaccine or vaccination-hesitant mentalities has led to decreasing vaccine coverage in several Western countries. The WHO identified three C’s as main determinants of vaccine hesitancy, namely Complacency, Convenience in accessing vaccines, and Confidence. However, the term ‘vaccine hesitancy’ tends to be interpreted as a lack of confidence in vaccines and vaccinations for various reasons. Nevertheless, the goal of vaccination is to reach herd immunity by reaching a high vaccination coverage (90‐95% vaccinated) to stop the circulation of vaccine preventable diseases. We wanted to give equal attention to the three C’s as they are equally important in reaching herd immunity. <target target-type="page-num" id="p-116"/>Therefore, we chose to present the problem as a challenge of ‘vaccine coverage,’ rather than ‘vaccine hesitancy’ or ‘vaccine confidence’. In order to understand the complexity of the problem, we have developed a systems map which relates different global factors that impact an individual’s vaccination decision-making, as well as their likelihood of receiving vaccinations (Supplement 2). To create this map we assembled the information for the variables and connections from literature studies of peer-reviewed articles and interviews with stakeholders, kept anonymous, in the field of vaccination or healthcare (Supplements 3 & 4). This approach was selected as it provides a wide perspective that allows academics, governmental authorities, and lawmakers to better assess the various factors that affect vaccine coverage, and how they are related. The work leading to the map was presented to the public at a symposium (Supplement 5). Our map identifies essential factors such as psychology, education, economy, vaccine technology, political and environmental sphere, sources of information, and healthcare in order to understand what governs vaccination coverage. The map emphasizes how various factors and determinants are often interrelated, as opposed to the isolated factors described in previous literature. We identified important discrepancies between developed and developing countries regarding the factors that drive vaccine-related decision-making and availability. The systems map could ultimately serve as a tool to better understand the multifaceted problem of suboptimal vaccination coverage. Vaccine hesitancy as a threat to vaccination coverage is a complex and wicked problem with many underlying contributing factors, as has been depicted in our systems map on vaccine coverage. Our systems map allows more in-depth insights, not only into which factors are contributing, but also into the relationship between factors. Solving the decrease in vaccination coverage will require different types of solutions which can be developed by using a transdisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals 402Measles vaccine coverage: The rise of vaccine hesitancy in upper-middle income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Cata-preta ◽  
Thiago M Santos ◽  
Aluisio JD Barros ◽  
Cesar G Victora ◽  
Fernando C Wehrmeister
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Classical Pattern ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Poor Children

Abstract Background With the rise of vaccine hesitancy, which is allegedly more frequent among rich families, we hypothesized that the classical pattern of a positive gradient in coverage with rising wealth may no longer be observable in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We analysed DHS and MICS surveys conducted from 2010-2018 in 88 LMICs. We estimated inequality in measles vaccination coverage by wealth quintile for children aged 12-23 months using the Slope Index of Inequality (SII). Negative SII values indicate higher coverage among poor children. We correlated the SII with per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), using countries as the units. Results Pearson’s correlation coefficient between SII and log per capita GDP was -0.35 (p &lt; 0.001). The percentages of countries with higher coverage among children from poor families than among those from wealthy families were 14%, 21% and 54% in low, lower-middle and upper-middle income countries (p level for trend=0.001), respectively (Figure 1). Conclusions Our results are consistent with lower vaccination coverage among the wealthy when compared to poor families in countries with higher per capita GDPs. Key messages Vaccine hesitancy was initially detected in high-income countries, but our analyses show that it is also present in upper-middle income countries.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mandatory Vaccination Law in Italy on MMR Coverage Rates in Two of the Largest Italian Regions (Emilia-Romagna and Sicily): An Effective Strategy to Contrast Vaccine Hesitancy

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Gori ◽  
Claudio Costantino ◽  
Anna Odone ◽  
Beatrice Ricci ◽  
Magda Ialonardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Coercive Measures ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
The Impact

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has increased worldwide, leading to reduction in vaccination coverage rates. In particular, reduction in the coverage for the trivalent Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine has led to an increase of measles cases. The aim of this study is to analyze the coverage rates for the MMR vaccine in the Emilia-Romagna Region (RER) and Sicily Region (SR) between 2009 and 2018, and to correlate any significant change to index events which could have modified the trend of vaccination rates. Methods: Official aggregate data on vaccination coverage at 24 months provided by the RER and the SR were analyzed through trend analysis and related to important index events. Results: The two regions showed similar results; both achieved the lowest coverage rates in 2015 and both showed an increase in the rates after the introduction of mandatory vaccinations for access to schools. In 2018, both reached the starting point before the decrease. Conclusions: Our results confirm the effectiveness of legislative coercive measures in favor of vaccination. A potential decrease in the coverage rates may be observed as a result of an attenuation of the positive effects of coercive measures over time. It is thus necessary to combine these measures together with information campaigns and political initiatives at different levels (i.e., national, regional).

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