scholarly journals Correlation between endocrine function, inflammation, body composition, cardiorespiratory and muscular function in coronary patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Gonçalves ◽  
Jorge Bravo ◽  
Ana Abreu ◽  
Armando Raimundo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Muscular Function ◽  
Body Mass Composition

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the most prevalent illnesses worldwide, causing substantial mortality, morbidity and hospitalization. Understanding the correlation of thyroid function and glycemic metabolism and inflammation to body composition and cardiorespiratory and muscular function is imperative. This manuscript's main goal is to evaluate the association of thyroid function and glycemic metabolism to body mass composition and cardiovascular fitness (CRF) and muscular function in a group of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods To examine cross-sectional associations of thyroid function, glycemia, hemoglobin A1c (HgA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with CRF, muscular function and body mass composition. Forty-five stable CAD patients were enrolled (aged 54.9 ± 10.0 years). Participants were assessed for body composition (DXA®), muscle strength (Biodex®), cardiorespiratory fitness (6-minute walking test) and blood biomarkers, including [CRP, Tyrode Hormones higher free thyroxine (FT4), lower total triiodothyronine (FT3) and metabolic parameters]. The Pearson correlation and t-test statistical measures were used for associations between thyroid function, glycemia, insulin, HgA1c and CRF/muscle strength, body composition. Results We found significant inter-correlations between body fat and FT4 (P < 0.01), HgA1c (P = 0.01), insulin (P = 0.01) and blood glucose (P = 0.05); lean mass and FT3 (P = 0.001); and a negative inter-correlation between C-reactive protein and knee extensor and flexor isokinetic peak torques (P < 0.01), and cardiorespiratory fitness (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings showed that THs function and body mass fat, HgA1c, blood glucose, insulin and CRP were associated with the CRF, muscle strength or body composition. These results highlight the importance of endocrine and metabolic mechanisms concerning CRF and muscle strength in a group of patients with CAD.

Effects of In-Season (5 Weeks) Creatine and Pyruvate Supplementation on Anaerobic Performance and Body Composition in American Football Players

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Stone ◽  
Kimberly Sanborn ◽  
Lucille L. Smith ◽  
Harold S. O'Bryant ◽  
Tommy Hoke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
American Football ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Body Mass Composition

The purpose of this investigation was to study the efficacy of two dietary supplements on measures of body mass, body composition, and performance in 42 American football players. Group CM (n = 9) received creatine monohy-drate, Group P (n = 11) received calcium pyruvate. Group COM (n = 11) received a combination of calcium pyruvate (60%) and creatine (40%), and Group PL received a placebo. Tests were performed before (Tl) and after (T2) the 5-week supplementation period, during which the subjects continued their normal training schedules. Compared to P and PL. CM and COM showed significantly greater increases for body mass, lean body mass, 1 repetition maximum (RM) bench press, combined 1 RM squat and bench press, and static vertical jump (SVJ) power output. Peak rate of force development for SVJ was significantly greater for CM compared to P and PL. Creatine and the combination supplement enhanced training adaptations associated with body mass/composition, maximum strength, and SVJ; however, pyruvate supplementation alone was ineffective.

scholarly journals P0939THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MUSCULAR STRENGTH, MUSCLE MASS AND DEPRESSION IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Vučković ◽  
Hrvoje Raos ◽  
Katja Kovačević ◽  
Josip Orešković ◽  
Andrea Gelemanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Body Mass Composition

Abstract Background and Aims While kidney transplantation (Ktx) offers several advantages in terms of improved clinical outcomes and quality of life compared to dialysis modalities, depressive symptoms are still present in approximately 25% of patients, rates comparable to that of the hemodialysis population. Correlates of depressive symptoms include marital status, income, and kidney function, history of affective illness, malnutrition, and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible correlations between nutritional status evaluated through body mass composition parameters, muscle strength and depression in kidney transplant recipients (KtR). Method 115 KtR, 61 (53 %) men and 54 (47 %) women, aged 59.3 (range 25 - 83) years were included. For each patient data about duration after Ktx, duration of dialysis before Ktx, age, gender, body weight and height were collected and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Tanita MC780 Multi Frequency segmental body composition analyser was used to measure content of body fat, muscle mass, and visceral fat each study subject measured in kilograms (kg) and percentage (%.) Peripheral muscle strength of KtR was measured by using a standardized handgrip dynamometry protocol. The Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) was used as an indicator of the severity of depression. Results Out of all 115 KtR patients, according BDI-II score 25 (21.7 %) were depressed; 15 (13 %) had mild, 6 (5.2 %) moderate and 4 (3.5 %) severe depression. Significantly negative correlations between BDI-II scores (higher score – more depressive symptoms) and muscle mass (kg and %) was found (R=-0.205, P=0.032), (R=-0.278, P=0.003), respectively. Therefore, significantly positive correlations between BDI-II scores (higher score – more depressive symptoms), fat mass (%) and age was found (R=-0.24, P=0.012), (R=-0.231, P=0.013), respectively. Those KtR patients with more depressive symptoms (higher BDI-II score) had statistically lower muscle strength (R=-0.205, P=0.032). Significantly correlation between duration after Ktx and duration of dialysis before Ktx with BDI-II score was not found. Conclusion Prevalence rates for depression in this study is similar with previous reports and results have shown that depressive KtR patients were older and had significantly lower muscle mass and muscle strength and significantly higher fat mass content. Possible explanation for this findings might be that depression in KtR is associated with unhealthy behaviours including lower activity levels and worse dietary habits, which may in turn impact body mass composition parameters and upon transplant-related outcomes. Efforts to detect and treat depression should be a priority if one is to improve treatment and dietary adherence, quality of life, and outcomes in KtR.

scholarly journals The Effects of Low-Energy Moderate-Carbohydrate (MCD) and Mixed (MixD) Diets on Serum Lipid Profiles and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Men: A Randomized Controlled Parallel-Group Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Magdalena Michalczyk ◽  
Adam Maszczyk ◽  
Petr Stastny
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Body Fat Content

Carbohydrate-restricted diets have become very popular due to their numerous health benefits. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of 4 weeks of a well-planned, low-energy moderate-carbohydrate diet (MCD) and a low-energy mixed diet (MixD) on the lipoprotein profile, glucose and C-reactive protein concentrations, body mass, and body composition in middle-aged males. Sixty middle-aged males were randomly assigned to the following groups: hypocaloric MCD (32% carbohydrates, 28% proteins, and 40% fat), hypocaloric MixD (50% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 30% fat), and a conventional (control) diet (CD; 48% carbohydrates, 15% proteins, and 37% fat). The participants who were classified into the MCD and MixD groups consumed 20% fewer calories daily than the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). Baseline and postintervention fasting triacylglycerol (TG), LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (tCh), glucose (Gl), and C-reactive protein were evaluated. Body mass (BM) and body composition changes, including body fat (BF), % body fat (PBF), and muscle mass (MM), were monitored. Compared with MixD and CD, MCD significantly changed the fasting serum concentrations of TG (p < 0.05), HDL-C (p < 0.05), LDL-C (p < 0.05), tCh (p < 0.05), and glucose (p < 0.01). Additionally, body fat content (kg and %) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after MCD compared with MixD and CD. After the MixD intervention, BM and MM decreased (p < 0.05) compared with baseline values. Compared with baseline, after the MixD, BM, MM, tCh, LDL-C, and TG changed significantly. The 4 week low-energy MCD intervention changed lipoproteins, glucose, and body fat to a greater extent than the low-energy MixD. A hypocaloric MCD may be suggested for middle-aged male subjects who want to lose weight by reducing body fat content without compromising muscle mass.

scholarly journals Is There a Link between Balance and Body Mass Composition in Children and Adolescents?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10449
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Grzegorz Inglot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Body Mass Composition ◽  
The Relationship

School-age children are particularly prone to disturbances in body composition, because this is a period of intensive growth and a period in which correct habits are shaped, especially in relation to diet. This is why it is so important to diagnose emerging disorders early so as to implement therapeutic or educational activities. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the factors of body mass composition and body mass index (BMI), as well as the balance parameters in children and adolescents. The study group consisted of 1137 children aged 7 to 15. There were 559 girls and 578 boys among the subjects. The study used the Tanita 780 body mass composition analyser and the Zebris stabilometric platform. It was found that girls were characterized by a significantly higher content of adipose tissue (24.37% vs. 20.45%), while boys were characterized by a higher content of lean tissue (32.99% vs. 30.43%), muscle tissue (31.23% vs. 28.86%) and water (24.15% vs. 22.28%). Interestingly, the girls had better balance than their peers in all analyzed parameters (COF TTL.—616.72 vs. 661.50; CEArea—73.63 vs. 112.24; COF HD—3.44 vs. 4.23; COF VD—4.52 vs. 5.12). It turned out that among children in adolescence, a higher adipose tissue content and a higher BMI correlated with a smaller surface area (p < 0.05) defined by the center of gravity and smaller deviations of the center of gravity in the horizontal plane (p < 0.05). Sex and adolescence play an important role in differentiating both body composition and body balance. The results of this study allow us to conclude that children with higher BMI values have better balance. Due to the fact that these conclusions are inconsistent with those of other researchers, it will be worth continuing the research (e.g., on a different population group) in order to confirm the results and to draw far-reaching conclusions.

Relationship between insulin sensitivity and the triglyceride–HDL-C ratio in overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a MONET study

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony D. Karelis ◽  
Stephanie M. Pasternyk ◽  
Lyne Messier ◽  
David H. St-Pierre ◽  
Jean-Marc Lavoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between the triglyceride–HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG:HDL-C) and insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women. The study population consisted of 131 non-diabetic overweight and obese sedentary postmenopausal women (age; 57.7 ± 5.0 y; body mass index (BMI), 32.2 ± 4.3 kg/m2). Subjects were characterized by dividing the entire cohort into tertiles based on the TG:HDL-C (T1 < 0.86 vs. T2= 0.86 to 1.35 vs. T3 > 1.35, respectively). We measured (i) insulin sensitivity (using the hyperinsulinenic–euglycemic clamp and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), (ii) body composition (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), (iii) visceral fat (using computed tomography), (iv) plasma lipids, C-reactive protein, 2 h glucose concentration during an oral glucose tolerance test (2 h glucose), as well as fasting glucose and insulin, (v) peak oxygen consumption, and (vi) lower-body muscle strength (using weight training equipment). Significant correlations were observed between the TG:HDL-C and the hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp (r = –0.45; p < 0.0001), as well as with HOMA (r = 0.42; p < 0.0001). Moreover, the TG:HDL-C significantly correlated with lean body mass, visceral fat, 2 h glucose, C-reactive protein, and muscle strength. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the TG:HDL-C explained 16.4% of the variation in glucose disposal in our cohort, which accounted for the greatest source of unique variance. Other independent predictors of glucose disposal were 2 h glucose (10.1%), C-reactive protein (CRP; 7.6%), and peak oxygen consumption (5.8%), collectively (including the TG:HDL-C) explaining 39.9% of the unique variance. In addition, the TG:HDL-C was the second predictor for HOMA, accounting for 11.7% of the variation. High levels of insulin sensitivity were associated with low levels of the TG:HDL-C. In addition, the TG:HDL-C was a predictor for glucose disposal rates and HOMA values in our cohort of overweight and obese postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Effect of Post-Stroke Rehabilitation on Body Mass Composition in Relation to Socio-Demographic and Clinical Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5134
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Przysada ◽  
Ewelina Czenczek-Lewandowska ◽  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Aneta Weres ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Comprehensive Rehabilitation ◽  
Body Mass Composition

Background and objectives: Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity, mortality and long-term adult disability. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in body mass composition in patients after stroke in connection with selected socio-demographic and clinical factors (sex, age, type of stroke and time from the first symptoms) following the rehabilitation process. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 100 post-stroke subjects who participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program for a duration of five weeks. The measurements of body composition by a Tanita MC 780 MA analyser were performed on the day of admission to hospital, on the day of discharge (after 5 weeks) and 12 weeks after discharge from hospital. Results: It was shown that before rehabilitation (Exam I) in the study group there were significant differences in body composition relative to sex, age and time from stroke. The rates of fat mass % and visceral fat level decreased after rehabilitation (Exam II) in both males and females. Exam II, at the end hospital rehabilitation, showed lower levels of fat mass %, visceral fat level, as well as fat-free mass % and higher values of total body water % and muscle mass %. In Exam III, i.e., 12 weeks after discharge, all of the parameters retained their values. Conclusions: The study shows an association between stroke risk factors (primarily age, sex and time from the onset of the first symptoms of stroke) and body mass composition resulting from rehabilitation. The type of stroke and the effects of rehabilitation on body mass components showed no differences. Comprehensive rehabilitation had a positive effect on the body mass components.

Body mass, composition, and food intake in rabbits during altered acceleration fields

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Katovich ◽  
A. H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Mass Analysis ◽  
Acceleration Field ◽  
Earth Gravity ◽  
Gravitational Loading ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Body Mass Composition

The effects of gravitational loading and unloading on body mass, body composition, and food intake were investigated in chronically accelerated adult male rabbits. The intensity of the acceleration field was increased by 0.25-G increments at intervals that permitted stabilization of body mass and food intake to a maximal field of 2.5 G. Control rabbits of the same age were maintained at Earth gravity under the same conditions of light and temperature. A negative rectilinear relationship was observed between body mass and the intensity of acceleration field. In spite of this, the decreased body mass appeared to be regulated, since centrifuged animals readily regained their lost body mass upon realimentation after a 3-day fast. At acceleration intensities above 1.75 G, ad libitum food intakes as well as maintenance food requirements increased with increasing acceleration fields despite a corresponding reduction in body mass. Analysis of body composition indicated a significant decrease in body fat and an increase in body water in animals adapted to a 2.5-G environment. Within 6 wk after the animals were returned from 2.5 G to Earth gravity, body mass and food intakes returned to the precentrifuged levels of corresponding control animals.

scholarly journals LACTATE CAN BE A MARKER OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN SEVERE OBESITY?

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto DE-CLEVA ◽  
Lilian CARDIA ◽  
Alexandre VIEIRA-GADDUCCI ◽  
Julia Maria GREVE ◽  
Marco Aurelio SANTO
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Body Mass Composition ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Fat Mass Loss

ABSTRACT Background: In the last decades, numerous studies have confirmed the importance of lactate - by-product to the nutrient signal of the intracellular redox state - to regulatory functions in energy metabolism. Aim: To evaluate changes in blood lactate in patients with severe obesity and its correlation with body composition and metabolic profile. Methods: Twenty-four people with severe obesity (BMI=40 kg/m2) were evaluated in a prospective case-control study before and six months after Roux-in-Y gastric bypass. The blood lactate, total cholesterol, and fractions, C-reactive protein and HOMA-IR were analyzed after 12 h fasting. Body mass composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance and respiratory quotient was measured by indirect calorimetry. Results: The initial lactate level was 2.5±1.1 mmol/l and returned to normal level (1.9±3.6 mmol/l, p=0.0018) after surgery. This reduction was positively correlated with a decrease in BMI (p=0.0001), % free fat mass (p=0,001), % fat mass (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.01). There was normalization of lactatemia in 70% of patients. There was no correlation between lactatemia and C-reactive protein. Conclusions: There was a significant improvement of metabolic parameters, normalization of blood lactate, fat mass loss, although these individuals remained with a high BMI.

scholarly journals The association of parameters of body composition and laboratory markers with the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Yingbao Huang ◽  
Huajun Yu ◽  
Kehua Pan ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Low Serum

AbstractBackgroundHypertriglyceridemia has arisen as the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed at exploring the association between the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGP) and computed tomography (CT)-based body composition parameters and laboratory markers.MethodsLaboratory and clinical parameters were collected from 242 patients with HTGP between 2017 and 2020. Severity of HTGP was evaluated by original or modified CT severity index. Body composition parameters such as area and radiodensity of muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue were calculated by CT at the level of third lumbar vertebra. Parameters were compared between mild and moderately severe to severe HTGP. Uni-variate and multi-variate Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the risk factors of the severity of HTGP.ResultsSeventy patients (28.9%) presented with mild HTGP. Body mass index, waist circumference and all CT-based body composition parameters differed between male and female patients. None was associated with the severity of HTGP, neither in males nor in females. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that areas under the curves of apolipoprotein A-I and albumin to predict the severity of HTGP were 0.786 and 0.759, respectively (allP < 0.001). Uni-variate and further multi-variate Logistic regression analysis confirmed that low serum albumin (< 35 g/L,P = 0.004, OR = 3.362, 95%CI = 1.492–8.823) and apolipoprotein A-I (< 1.1 g/L,P < 0.001, OR = 5.126, 95%CI = 2.348–11.195), as well as high C-reactive protein (> 90 mg/L,P = 0.005, OR = 3.061, 95%CI = 1.407–6.659) and lipase (P = 0.033, OR = 2.283, 95%CI = 1.070–4.873) were risk factors of moderately severe to severe HTGP. Levels of albumin, apolipoprotein A-I, C-reactive protein and lipase were also associated with the length of hospital stay (allP < 0.05). Besides, low serum albumin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high radiodensity of subcutaneous adipose tissue were significant risk factors of pancreatic necrosis in patients with HTGP (allP < 0.05).ConclusionsLow serum albumin and apolipoprotein A-I, and high C-reactive protein and lipase upon admission were associated with a more severe type of HTGP and longer hospital stay for these patients. Albumin and apolipoprotein A-I may serve as novel biomarkers for the severity of HTGP. However, none of the body composition parameters was associated with the severity of HTGP.

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