scholarly journals Joining two worlds - When academia meets real life and vice versa

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ese ◽  
C Ihlebak
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The One ◽  
Innovation Clusters ◽  
Holding Back ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Partnerships between academic institutions and actors outside of academia have for some time been considered a universal remedy for solving complex issues in a wide range of fields; ranging from themes as different as commercial developments in innovation clusters to reducing social inequalities or working against climate change. Such partnerships are strongly encouraged by governing bodies, and are sometimes prerequisites for being eligible as applicants for funding schemes like H2020. A proof of the impact this model of cooperation has had, is the fact that partnership is the only organisational structure that has been elevated to be part of the UN17 goals for sustainable development. Throughout history, academia has had a complex relationship with the society to which it belongs. On the one hand, academia depends on being seen as valuable, often through visible and concrete impact on society. On the other hand, within academia there is a strong norm of academic freedom stating that such freedom is best accommodated for through a certain degree of insulation between academia and society. This way of understanding academic freedom is an important cornerstone of the Humboltian university ideals as well as in the Mertonian CUDOS norms. Practice and policy actors may also find partnerships with academia complex to navigate. However, such partnerships can be valuable through ensuring that policies and developments are based on research findings and best practices. Furthermore, academics may educate and train practitioners, and evaluate and do research on their initiatives. However, partnerships can also be challenging for practitioners, as academics have to follow strict principles for research design and have little room for holding back results that may put the practitioners in a bad light. In this presentation the complex relationships between academia and practice are presented, both by examining advantages and by taking a critical stance.

Wzbogacona rzeczywistość a nierówności społeczne

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Piotr Nieradka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on the technology of extended reality, whereby the aim is to draw attention to selected issues related to technology and solutions in the extended reality area in the context of social inequalities. The first part of the article discusses the essence of extended reality technology, paying attention to its place in the modern economy, along with a description of such solutions. The remainder of the study focuses on the issue of social inequality, with particular emphasis on the impact of extended reality on the problem of the digital gap and digital divide. The article presents the results of original research undertaken on a group of 88 respondents with both CAWI and equipment supporting augmented reality technology, of which 39.36% declared testing with this type of equipment in the past. The article also presents the results of original research with the use of XR equipment. XR-related solutions are currently still perceived as luxury goods, despite both the increasing availability for users and undoubtedly unique advantages. These include realism of generated experiences and the phenomenon of immersion in the synthetic world. The analysis of the role of such solutions in the context of social inequality provides a conclusion about their dichotomous nature. On the one hand, by popularizing the XR technology, the possibility of overcoming barriers and inequalities resulting from individual characteristics or social position is created, which leads to the improvement in the life situations of some people who have been struggling with exclusion so far. On the other hand, it provides the conclusion that such advanced technology entering everyday life has the potential to create another digital divide, which in the long term will result in increasing digital disproportions and exclusion.

scholarly journals The origin of compression influences geometric instabilities in bilayers

2018 ◽  
Vol 474 (2217) ◽  
pp. 20180267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Andres ◽  
Paul Steinmann ◽  
Silvia Budday
Keyword(s):  
Film Growth ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Pattern Selection ◽  
Smart Surfaces ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
The Impact

Geometric instabilities in bilayered structures control the surface morphology in a wide range of biological and technical systems. Depending on the application, different mechanisms induce compressive stresses in the bilayer. However, the impact of the chosen origin of compression on the critical conditions, post-buckling evolution and higher-order pattern selection remains insufficiently understood. Here, we conduct a numerical study on a finite-element set-up and systematically vary well-known factors contributing to pattern selection under the four main origins of compression: film growth, substrate shrinkage and whole-domain compression with and without pre-stretch. We find that the origin of compression determines the substrate stretch state at the primary instability point and thus significantly affects the critical buckling conditions. Similarly, it leads to different post-buckling evolutions and secondary instability patterns when the load further increases. Our results emphasize that future phase diagrams of geometric instabilities should incorporate not only the film thickness but also the origin of compression. Thoroughly understanding the influence of the origin of compression on geometric instabilities is crucial to solving real-life problems such as the engineering of smart surfaces or the diagnosis of neuronal disorders, which typically involve temporally or spatially combined origins of compression.

Optimization of Taxation and Accounting As a Condition of Small Innovative Business Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
M. Protasov ◽  
A. Aynazarov ◽  
R. Ahmadeev ◽  
T. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Complex Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Holding Back ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of the tax burden and optimization of the accounting system on the deterrent effect of choosing an innovative direction of activity by small businesses. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the range of tax benefits and simplifications for accounting provided is quite a wide range and cannot be a deterrent to choosing an innovative type of activity. At the same time, a rather low innovative activity of small business was noted. Despite the fact that small innovative business has the ability to optimize taxation and accounting, many other factors have a complex effect on the choice of companies' activities, which leads to the effect of holding back the development of small enterprises in the innovative sector of the economy.

scholarly journals Thoughts Unlocked by Technology—a Survey in Germany About Brain-Computer Interfaces

NanoEthics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Schmid ◽  
O. Friedrich ◽  
S. Kessner ◽  
R. J. Jox
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Classic Form ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA brain-computer interface (BCI) is a rapidly evolving neurotechnology connecting the human brain with a computer. In its classic form, brain activity is recorded and used to control external devices like protheses or wheelchairs. Thus, BCI users act with the power of their thoughts. While the initial development has focused on medical uses of BCIs, non-medical applications have recently been gaining more attention, for example in automobiles, airplanes, and the entertainment context. However, the attitudes of the general public towards BCIs have hardly been explored. Among the general population in Germany aged 18–65 years, a representative online survey with 20 items was conducted in summer 2018 (n = 1000) and analysed by descriptive statistics. The survey assessed: affinity for technology; previous knowledge and experience concerning BCIs; the attitude towards ethical, social and legal implications of BCI use and demographic information. Our results indicate that BCIs are a unique and puzzling way of human–machine interaction. The findings reveal a positive view and high level of trust in BCIs on the one hand but on the other hand a wide range of ethical and anthropological concerns. Agency and responsibility were clearly attributed to the BCI user. The participants’ opinions were divided regarding the impact BCIs have on humankind. In summary, a high level of ambivalence regarding BCIs was found. We suggest better information of the public and the promotion of public deliberation about BCIs in order to ensure responsible development and application of this potentially disruptive technology.

scholarly journals Niche employment or occupational segmentation? Immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman ◽  
Harald Bauder
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Settlement Services ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Much of the research on the settlement sector focuses on the impact of settlement programs on the integration of immigrants. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is still an emerging field for research. This working paper examines the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector and compares Germany with Canada in this respect. The central thesis is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segmentation based on their gender, race, and immigration status. Our research findings support this thesis, suggesting that the settlement sector is a deeply segmented labour market where, on the one hand, language and cultural competencies facilitate the employment of racialized immigrant women, while on the other hand, the positions these women occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth. These similar labour market outcomes occur in Germany and Canada, despite the rather different structures of the settlement sector in the two countries. Keywords: immigrant women, labour market experiences, settlement services, occupational segmentation

scholarly journals One-loop corrections to the two-body decays of the charged Higgs bosons in the real and complex NMSSM

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Nhung Dao ◽  
Margarete Mühlleitner ◽  
Shruti Patel ◽  
Kodai Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Cp Violation ◽  
Higgs Bosons ◽  
Supersymmetric Extension ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Charged Higgs ◽  
Charged Higgs Bosons ◽  
The One ◽  
Higher Order Corrections ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe evaluate the full next-to-leading order supersymmetric (SUSY) electroweak and SUSY-QCD corrections to the on-shell two-body decays of the charged Higgs bosons in the framework of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (NMSSM) allowing also for CP violation. We furthermore provide the possibility to choose between different renormalization schemes in the electroweakino and the squark and slepton sectors. Our corrections are implemented in the code and thus complete the one-loop corrections of the charged Higgs boson decays which so far only included the state-of-the-art QCD corrections and the resummed SUSY-electroweak and SUSY-QCD corrections. We investigate the impact of the NLO corrections including the newly computed higher-order corrections for each decay mode in a wide range of the parameter space that is allowed by the theoretical and experimental constraints as well as the effect of CP violation and the dependence on the choice of the renormalization scheme. The new version of is made publicly available.

Neighbourhood change, social inequalities and age-friendly communities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Thomése ◽  
Tine Buffel ◽  
Chris Phillipson
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Policy Strategy ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Neighbourhood Change ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Social

Chapter 3 places the debate about AFCCs within a sociological context and explore the links between ‘community’ on the one side, and the idea of ‘age-friendliness’ on the other. The chapter draws upon a range of theoretical perspectives in sociological and community studies to assess current pressures facing communities, especially those linked with neighbourhood inequalities and the impact of globalisation. It concludes by discussing strategies for strengthening the community dimension of AFCCs and develops key principles for a critical social policy strategy which promotes age-friendliness.

scholarly journals Teens and sex: sex education in aristocratic intellectual families of Russia in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Valentina Veremenko
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intelligent Environment ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Special Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Xix Century

The article analyzes the approaches to sex education of children in noble-intelligent environment that were formed in Russia during the second half of XIX – early XX centuries. It is noted that on the one hand these practices reflected a certain evolution, and on the other, the earlier forms actively continued to coexist with the later ones. The theme is studied on the analysis of a wide range of sources: publicistic materials and documents of managemenzt and record keeping, works of educators and hygienists, memoirs. The traditional form of children’s sex education in a noble family, that was the most popular until the 80-ies of the XIX century, was a boycott of discussion of this topic, the fight to preserve the “innocence” of girls and consent to “training” of young men to “natural relations”. At the turn of the century an increasing number of parents came to the recognition of the need for sexual awareness in the field of sexual relations, but, not wanting to be engaged in this task, they tried to delegate it to “experts”. Finally, at the end of the period under review the overwhelming majority of educators and hygienists came to the conclusion that sex education should be a family thing. However, this professional approach found no special support in real life.

scholarly journals Niche employment or occupational segmentation? Immigrant women working in the settlement sector in Germany and Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Jayaraman ◽  
Harald Bauder
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Settlement Services ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Much of the research on the settlement sector focuses on the impact of settlement programs on the integration of immigrants. The settlement sector as a field of employment for immigrant women is still an emerging field for research. This working paper examines the experiences of immigrant women working in the settlement sector and compares Germany with Canada in this respect. The central thesis is that immigrant women working in this sector experience occupational segmentation based on their gender, race, and immigration status. Our research findings support this thesis, suggesting that the settlement sector is a deeply segmented labour market where, on the one hand, language and cultural competencies facilitate the employment of racialized immigrant women, while on the other hand, the positions these women occupy are characterized by precarious working conditions with limited opportunities for professional growth. These similar labour market outcomes occur in Germany and Canada, despite the rather different structures of the settlement sector in the two countries. Keywords: immigrant women, labour market experiences, settlement services, occupational segmentation

scholarly journals Chlorine As a Disinfectant in Water Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Rifahat Muntaha
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Calcium Hypochlorite ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Disinfection of treated water is a necessary process. For this, chlorine and its products are widely used. During the treatment process, chlorine is added to drinking water as elemental chlorine, sodium hypochlorite solution or dry calcium hypochlorite. When applied to water, each of these forms “free chlorine”, which destroys pathogenic organisms. If adequate water treatment is not readily available, the impact on public health can be devastating. Worldwide, about 1.2 billion people lack access to safe drinking water, and about 2.4 billion people lack sanitation. As per WHO, 3.4 million people die from waterrelated diseases. Drinking water chlorination will remain a cornerstone of disinfection. This is because of the wide range of benefits provided by chlorine. However, alternative disinfectants including ozone and UV radiation are available, all disinfection methods have unique benefits, limitations and costs. So, an engineer has to consider all the pros and cons of a disinfectant method properly before deciding the one to adopt. Keywords: Disinfection, Gaseous Chlorination, Sodium Hypochlorite, Calcium Hypochlorite, Ultraviolet, Ozone, Chlorine dioxide

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