The Importance of Person Centered Coaching on Physical Activity in Older Adults

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and imposes a substantial social and economic burden on American society. Evidence suggests that physical exercise provides health-related benefits to reduced osteoarthritis pain, stress and depression. However, exercise alone may not be sufficient to make necessary lifestyle changes to reduce OA pain. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Person Centered Coaching (PCC) and Health Education (HE) on physical activity of exercising older adults with OA pain. 14 exercising older adults were included in this experimental, randomized, pre and posttest study. Age ranged from 69 -88 years (mean = 77) with most participants identifing as non-Hispanic whites, all currently retired and 71% female. Participants completed OA Diary, 3 PROMIS short-form instruments (Pain Interference, Perceived Stress and Instrumental Support) and Personal Growth Initiative Scale. Data was collected over six weeks to include baseline and post-intervention measurements using repeated measures analysis. The result indicated the PCC treatment group had lower scores on pain interference and perceived stress compared to the HE group. The PCC group also had increased higher level on personal growth and instrumental support compared to the HE group. The results suggest that additional interventions are needed to enhance exercise effectiveness in reducing pain, inflammation and stress. The intervention (PCC), has the potential to provide a positive impact on OA outcomes for exercising older adults by increasing self-knowledge and self-monitoring of OA pain, as well as facilitating persistence with exercise.

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Does Dog Ownership Affect Physical Activity, Sleep, and Self-Reported Health in Older Adults?

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16183355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (18) ◽

pp. 3355 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eliška Mičková ◽

Kristýna Machová ◽

Klára Daďová ◽

Ivona Svobodová

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Short Form ◽

Well Being ◽

Dog Ownership ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dog Owners ◽

Sleep Length

Physical activity (PA) is crucial for maintaining good health of older adults and owning a dog and walking it can enforce it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dog ownership on PA in older adults as well as its positive impact on perceived degree of health, and sleep. There were 44 participants of mean age 68 ± 5.4 years (18 males, 26 females) enrolled in this study (dog owners—DO, n = 26; non-dog owners—NDO, n = 18). Xiaomi Mi Band 2 accelerometer, International Physical Activity Questionnaire- Short form (IPAQ-Short Form) and SF-36 questionnaires were used to measure the level of PA, sleep, and subjective health. A statistically significant difference was observed in favor of dog owners in most of the monitored parameters. All accelerometer PA parameters (step count, activity time, distance, calories) showed a significant difference at a p < 0.01. Sleep parameters were significant in total sleep length (p = 0.05) and light sleep length (p < 0.05). DO reported higher total PA time (min/week), MET/min/week spent in walking, and spent calories/week (p < 0.05). In SF-36 they reported higher score (p < 0.05) in general health, physical functioning, social functioning, pain, vitality, and emotional well-being. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in the DO group (p < 0.01). The results suggest that dog ownership may affect the overall PA and health of older adults.

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Pain Intensity and Pain Interference in Older Adults: Role of Gender, Obesity and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000446651 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 3-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Vahid Eslami ◽

Mindy J. Katz ◽

Robert S. White ◽

Erin Sundermann ◽

Julie M. Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Short Form ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Pain Interference ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Medical Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Aging Study

Background: Among older adults, pain intensity and pain interference are more common in women than men and associated with obesity and inflammatory markers. Objective: We examined whether the obesity and pain relationship is mediated by the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a nonspecific marker of systemic inflammation, and whether this relationship differs by sex. Methods: Items from Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 were used to measure pain intensity and pain interference in daily life. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the cross-sectional association among body mass index (BMI), hsCRP levels, pain intensity and pain interference using gender-stratified models adjusted for demographic variables. Results: Participants included 667 community-residing adults over the age of 70 years, free of dementia, enrolled in the Einstein Aging Study (EAS). In women (n = 410), pain intensity was associated with obesity [BMI ≥30 vs. normal, odds ratio (OR) = 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-3.68] and higher hsCRP (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.08-1.51). In a model with obesity and hsCRP, both remained significant, but the association between hsCRP and pain intensity was somewhat attenuated. Obesity (OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.81-5.11) and higher hsCRP levels (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.08-1.56) were also independently associated with greater pain interference in women. After adjustment for pain intensity and BMI, hsCRP was no longer associated with pain interference in women. Greater pain intensity and being overweight or obese continued to be significantly associated with pain interference in women. In men (n = 257), obesity and hsCRP were not associated with pain intensity or pain interference. Conclusions: In women, the relationship between obesity and higher levels of pain intensity or interference may be accounted for by factors related to hsCRP.

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Engaging older adults as advocates for age-friendly, walkable communities: The Senior Change Makers Pilot Study

Translational Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/tbm/ibab098 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christina M Patch ◽

Terry L Conway ◽

Jacqueline Kerr ◽

Elva M Arredondo ◽

Susan Levy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Low Income ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Senior Housing ◽

Advocacy Training ◽

Advocacy Program ◽

Transportation Activity

Abstract As the U.S. population ages, communities must adapt to help older adults thrive. Built environment features, like safe sidewalks and crosswalks, provide the foundation for age- and physical activity-friendly communities. Controlled studies are needed to evaluate advocacy training programs that instruct and support seniors to advocate for more walkable neighborhoods. The Senior Change Makers Pilot Study evaluated an advocacy program that taught seniors to evaluate pedestrian environments using the validated MAPS-Mini audit tool, identify barriers, and advocate for improvements. Participants (n = 50) were recruited from four low-income senior housing sites in San Diego, CA, which were randomly assigned to an 8-week advocacy program or physical activity (PA) comparison intervention. Evaluation included surveys, accelerometers to assess PA, and direct observation. Primary outcomes were seniors’ advocacy confidence and skills. Main analyses used repeated measures ANOVAs. Seniors in the advocacy condition (n = 17) increased their advocacy outcome efficacy (p = .03) and knowledge of resources (p = .04) more than seniors in the PA condition (n = 33). Most seniors in the advocacy condition completed a street audit (84%), submitted an advocacy request (79%), or made an advocacy presentation to city staff (58%). Environmental changes included repairs to sidewalks and crosswalks. City staff approved requests for lighting, curb cuts, and crosswalk markings. Seniors’ accelerometer-measured PA did not significantly increase, but self-reported transportation activity increased in the PA condition (p = .04). This study showed the potential of advocacy training to empower seniors to make communities more age- and activity-friendly.

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Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Activity Among Older Adults in the First-Wave COVID-19 Outbreak: A Longitudinal Analysis

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2021-0104 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Rosiane Jesus do Nascimento ◽

Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho ◽

Cassiano Ricardo Rech ◽

Rafaela Batista Brasil ◽

Renato Campos Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Short Form ◽

Daily Physical Activity ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

The current study aimed to follow the effects of social/physical distancing strategies on health-related daily physical activity and quality of life among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventy-two older adults who were enrolled in a University–Community program in March 2020 (age = 66.8 ± 4.82 years, ♀59) answered five phone-based surveys up to 120 days after the COVID-19 outbreak (from April to August 2020). The Short Form 6D and international physical activity (short version) questionnaires were applied. A significant reduction was observed in daily physical activity levels, metabolic equivalent of task, and health-related quality of life scores as well as an increase in sitting time during the week and on weekend days (all p < .01). The authors noted differences in lifestyle conditions at the beginning of the social/physical distancing in the community assessed (p < .01). Health vulnerabilities among older adults have been emphasized during the COVID-19 outbreak, impacting daily physical activity and health-related quality of life.

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Concurrent Validity Between Electronically Administered Physical Activity Questionnaires and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Danish Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2020-0214 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Rasmus T. Larsen ◽

Christoffer B. Korfitsen ◽

Carsten B. Juhl ◽

Henning Boje Andersen ◽

Henning Langberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

World Health ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Aim: To investigate the concurrent validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and the Nordic Physical Activity Questionnaire-short (NPAQ-short) when compared with objectively measured daily steps among older adults. Methods: Spearman’s ρ between IPAQ-SF and NPAQ-short and objectively measured steps using Garmin Vivofit 3 physical activity monitors. Results: A total of 54 participants were included. The IPAQ-SF subscales’ moderate physical activity (PA), moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and sedentary time showed little or no correlation with daily steps. The NPAQ-short subscales’ vigorous PA, moderate PA, and MVPA showed little or no correlation. The IPAQ-SF subscales’ vigorous PA and walking showed fair correlation. Only the IPAQ-SF metabolic equivalent of task minutes showed moderate to good correlation with daily steps. The IPAQ-SF categories and NPAQ-short categorization of World Health Organization compliance were significantly different, but the magnitudes were small and distributions indicated problems with the categorization. Conclusion: The concurrent validity is low, as the scores did not reflect objectively measured daily steps.

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Sustained Long-Term Effectiveness of an Energy Management Training Course on Employee Vitality and Purpose in Life

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117119883585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 177-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sai Krupa Das ◽

Shawn T. Mason ◽

Taylor A. Vail ◽

Caroline M. Blanchard ◽

Meghan K. Chin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Short Form ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Purpose In Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Sf 36

Purpose: Programs designed to sustainably improve employee well-being are urgently needed but insufficiently researched. This study evaluates the long-term effectiveness of a commercial well-being intervention in a worksite setting. Design: A pre/postintervention repeated analysis with follow-up at 6, 12, and 18 months. Setting: Office-based worksites (for-profit, nonprofit, and mixed work-type; n = 8). Participants: One hundred sixty-three employees with a mean age of 47 (11) years (57% female). Intervention: A 2.5-day group-based behavioral program emphasizing vitality and purpose in life (PiL). Measures: Rand Medical Outcomes Survey (MOS) 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) with a focus on vitality (primary outcome), Ryff PiL Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Profile of Mood States, Rand MOS Sleep Scale, physical activity, body weight, blood pressure, and blood measures for glucose and lipids at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Analysis: General linear models with repeated measures for mean values at baseline and follow-up. Results: At 18-month follow-up, sustained improvements were observed for vitality, general health, and mental health domains of SF-36 and PiL ( P < .001 for all measures). Sleep, mood, vigor, physical activity, and blood pressure were also improved at 18 months ( P < .05 for all measures). Conclusions: An intensive 2.5-day intervention showed sustained improvement in employee quality of life, PiL, and other measures of well-being over 18 months.

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Efficacy of Using Physical Activity Mentors to Increase the Daily Steps of Older Adults in the Primary Care Setting: A Pilot Study

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2012-0120 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 16-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen A. Croteau ◽

Vijiayurani Suresh ◽

Elanna Farnham

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Primary Care ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Care Setting ◽

Primary Care Setting ◽

Chronic Illnesses ◽

Main Effects

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if using physical activity (PA) mentors has any additional impact on daily steps of older adults participating in the Maine in Motion (MIM) program in the primary care setting. Participants were randomly assigned to a MIM-only group (n= 14) or a MIM+ mentor group (n= 14). The MIM intervention lasted 6 months with follow-up at 12 months. Average age of participants was 64 ± 8.8 years and most participants had multiple chronic illnesses. At baseline, mean body mass index (BMI) was 32.2 ± 5.1 and average daily steps were 4,236 ± 2,266. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects for steps,F(2.324, 59.104) = 4.168,p= .015, but no main effects for group,F(1, 25) = 2.988,p= .096, or time-by-group interaction,F(2.324, 59.104) = 0.905,p= .151. All participants significantly increased daily steps over the course of the intervention, with MIM+ participants maintaining increases at follow-up. No significant findings were found for BMI.

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Aging Expectations are Associated With Physical Activity and Health Among Older Adults of Low Socioeconomic Status

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2012-0337 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 180-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shilpa Dogra ◽

Ban Al-Sahab ◽

James Manson ◽

Hala Tamim

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Short Form ◽

Physical Activity Participation ◽

Activity Participation ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Aging Expectations

The purpose of the current study was to determine whether aging expectations (AE) are associated with physical activity participation and health among older adults of low socioeconomic status (SES). A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 170 older adults (mean age 70.9 years) was conducted. Data on AE, physical activity, and health were collected using the 12 item Expectations Regarding Aging instrument, the Healthy Physical Activity Participation Questionnaire, and the Short Form-36, respectively. Adjusted linear regression models showed significant associations between AE and social functioning, energy/vitality, mental health, and self-rated general health, as well as physical activity. These results suggest that AE may help to better explain the established association between low SES, low physical activity uptake, and poor health outcomes among older adults.

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Higher Perceived Stress Scale Scores Are Associated with Higher Pain Intensity and Pain Interference Levels in Older Adults

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society ◽

10.1111/jgs.13135 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (12) ◽

pp. 2350-2356 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Robert S. White ◽

Julie Jiang ◽

Charles B. Hall ◽

Mindy J. Katz ◽

Molly E. Zimmerman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Pain Interference ◽

Perceived Stress Scale ◽

Stress Scale ◽

Scale Scores

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Change in physical activity and stress during COVID-19 in a sample of older adults with exercise habits

Studia sportiva ◽

10.5817/sts2021-2-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 6-16

Author(s):

Petr Vajda ◽

Kateřina Strašilová ◽

Lenka Svobodová

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Online Survey ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Exercise Habits ◽

Perceived Change ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUNDː The COVID-19 outbreak forced many states to introduce public health and social measures (PHSM), which may pose an obstacle to performing physical activity (PA).METHODS: This study investigated PA levels and their changes and perceived stress in a sample of 193 participants (aged 71.21 ± 4.87 years) engaged in exercise lessons prior to PSHM. Data were collected via an online survey distributed directly to the participants. The survey included two instruments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale.RESULTS: The results indicate that sports habits may be a protective factor in staying active and meting PA recommendations. Nevertheless, there were no associations between the number of exercise lessons in the pre-COVID-19 period and PA level or the perceived change in PA during PSHM. Ability to replace the cancelled exercise lesson with PA of similar duration and intensity was negatively associated with PA levels and its change. The PSS-10 score suggests that the sample did not experience a significant increase in perceived stress, but the relationship of this outcome to PA is unclear.CONCLUSIONS: The promotion of alternative PA that could be performed during PHSM and building long-term exercise habits in older adults should be considered.

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