scholarly journals Personal Experiences of Age Discrimination in Different Life Domains: Determinants and Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
Jana Nikitin ◽  
Sylvie Graf ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Maria Clara P de Paula Couto
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Subjective Importance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Age discrimination is pervasive in society which bears far-reaching consequences for individuals in terms of decreased psychological and physical health. Age discrimination can be experienced in different life-domains and perceived as a social (others’ experiences) or as a personal phenomenon (own experiences). Our first goal was to examine country- and age-related differences in personal experiences of age discrimination in distinct life domains, reported by 2,817 participants aged 40 to 90 years from the US, China, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Taiwan. As another goal, we investigated the impact of age discrimination on life satisfaction. Personal age discrimination was domain-specific, with more experiences reported in the family, work, and personality domains. Personal age discrimination increased with age and was higher in China and Taiwan. Age discrimination negatively predicted life satisfaction. This negative effect was more pronounced if age discrimination was experienced in domains with high subjective importance.

scholarly journals Domain Specific Life Satisfaction in the Dual Careers of Junior Elite Football Players: The Impact of Role Strain

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur E.C.A. van Rens ◽  
Erika Borkoles ◽  
Damian Farrow ◽  
Remco C.J. Polman
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Role Strain ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Junior Athletes ◽  
Australian Rules Football ◽  
Dual Careers ◽  
The Impact

Using a holistic perspective on athlete talent development, this study examines the impact of role strain on the life satisfaction in various life domains of junior elite Australian Rules Football players. One hundred and twelve talent-identified male Australian Rules Football players (Mage = 16.8; SD = .71) completed measures of role strain and multidimensional life satisfaction. The results indicated that role strain explained twelve to twenty-four percent of the variance in life satisfaction in the players’ life domains. Experiences of role strain related to the players’ dual careers were associated with decreased life satisfaction in sport, friendships, family, yourself, and global life satisfaction domains. Situations in which the players perceived that their abilities were underutilized were also negatively associated with life satisfaction across various life domains. This study thus evidences the importance of a domain specific, holistic approach to investigate the life satisfaction in junior athletes’ dual careers.

scholarly journals Concentration of Critical Events over the Life Course and Life Satisfaction later in life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara L. Comolli ◽  
Danilo Bolano ◽  
Laura Bernardi ◽  
Marieke Voorpostel
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Life Course

Critical events are occurrences that create turning points, disrupt individuals’ life courses and affect wellbeing. Here, we investigate how the co-occurrence of critical events and, in particular, the spacing in time of events across the life course influences life satisfaction in later life. We argue that life phases densely populated of critical events may translate into an acute resource drain affecting wellbeing in long term more strongly than if the same events were sparsely distributed. We use retrospective biographical information on critical events in family, work, health and residential trajectories in Switzerland to construct a life course Concentration Index of events based on the number, the time-lag between the occurrences and the number of life domains involved. Our results show that the higher is the concentration in time of critical events, the stronger will be their negative long-term effect on wellbeing, net of socio-demographic characteristics, of the total number of events ever experienced and of the time since the last event. Furthermore, such negative effect is even stronger if the person experienced periods dense of events during midlife and older adulthood than during youth or early adulthood.

scholarly journals When Will the Lockdown End? Confinement Duration Forecasts and Self-Reported Life Satisfaction in Spain: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Sabater-Grande ◽  
Aurora García-Gallego ◽  
Nikolaos Georgantzís ◽  
Noemí Herranz-Zarzoso
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Individual Heterogeneity ◽  
Health State ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper reports results from a longitudinal study on the impact of the lockdown on daily self-reported life satisfaction levels during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. A stable panel (N = 1,131) of adult subjects were surveyed during 84 consecutive days (March 29–June 20, 2020). They were asked to report daily life satisfaction and health state levels. Interestingly, daily life satisfaction increased during the lockdown. At the beginning of the experiment, subjects were asked to guess the end-week of the lockdown, against a possible monetary reward for accurate forecasts. Subjects predicting a longer lockdown period reported a higher average level of daily life satisfaction. Females reported on average lower levels of daily life satisfaction, but exhibited a stronger tendency to report higher levels of life satisfaction, the longer their lockdown forecast. Individual heterogeneity in life satisfaction levels can be partly attributed to personality traits, with neuroticism having a negative effect, while extraversion and agreeableness having a positive effect on daily life satisfaction.

Preparation for old age in different life domains

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna E. Kornadt ◽  
Klaus Rothermund
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Financial Arrangements ◽  
Age Related Changes

We investigated preparation for age-related changes from a multidimensional, life span perspective and administered a newly developed questionnaire to a large sample aged 30–80 years. Preparing for age-related changes was organized by life domains, with domain-specific types of preparation addressing obstacles and opportunities in the respective domains. Preparing for a third (focusing on activities, leisure, work, fitness, appearance) and a fourth age (focusing on emergencies, dependence/independence, housing, financial arrangements) emerged as superordinate categories of preparation. Different age gradients were obtained for the factors, the former peaking around the age of 65, whereas the latter increased linearly up to the age of 80. Furthermore, preparation factors were characterized by distinct personality profiles. The findings attest to the importance of a differentiated view on preparation for age-related changes and its relevance across the life span.

The impact of age-related risks and inequalities on mental health in later life

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-104
Author(s):  
Alisoun Milne
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Age Discrimination ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Indirect Discrimination ◽  
The Impact

In broad terms there are two sets of age-related risks to mental health. The first set are those arising directly from experiences and losses common to later life, including physical ill health and/or disability, being a carer, retirement, and bereavement. These are associated with impaired psychological wellbeing and heightened risk of depression, particularly amongst older people with few economic or social resources. The second set of risks arise from ageism and age discrimination, and their intersection with other types of discrimination such as sexism for older women. Direct and indirect discrimination is widespread; it is located in all areas of society including health and social care services. It is profoundly damaging to older peoples’ psychological wellbeing and is associated with fear, helplessness, low self-esteem, anxiety and depression. It is also linked to exclusion, marginalisation and abuse. In recent years there have been efforts to ensure that older people are overtly included in policies intended to improve the population’s physical and mental health; this includes access to treatments e.g. for depression. There has also been a focus on addressing age discrimination in specific arenas e.g. in employment and mental health services. These initiatives have had mixed success.

Coping with Unemployment: The Impact of Unemployment Duration and Personality on Trajectories of Life Satisfaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Hahn ◽  
Jule Specht ◽  
Juliana Gottschling ◽  
Frank M. Spinath
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Unemployment Duration ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Latent Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Growth Curve Modelling ◽  
The Impact

Unemployment is a major life event that causes an enormous drop in people's life satisfaction. However, there is substantial variability in people's ability (or inability) to cope with the experience of unemployment. In the present study, we examined the causes of individual differences in trajectories of life satisfaction when people were faced with unemployment by taking into account the persistence of unemployment, pre–event personality and age. Analyses were based on data from the German Socio–Economic Panel. Using latent growth curve modelling, life satisfaction was investigated from 3 years before to 3 years after a person became unemployed in a total sample of 908 individuals. As expected, unemployment caused a substantial drop in life satisfaction that persisted for at least 3 years after the event. On average, individuals did not completely return to their previous satisfaction level. This pattern existed even for participants who re–entered the labour market. Moreover, our results showed that variability in coping with unemployment can be explained in part by personality traits. For people with short periods of unemployment, Conscientiousness reinforced the negative effect of unemployment, whereas Extraversion softened the effect. In sum, our analyses showed that (a) the negative effect of unemployment on life satisfaction differs according to the length of the unemployment period and (b) personality partially moderates responses to unemployment over time. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals The Impact of Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions on Satisfaction with Life and the Mediating Role of Loneliness

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orçun Muhammet Şimşek ◽  
Orhan Koçak ◽  
Mustafa Z. Younis
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Young People ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Loneliness and cognitive distortions have serious negative effects on life satisfaction and are seen as related to each other. However, what mediates in these relationships has not been adequately analyzed. This study aims to analyze the effect between cognitive distortions and life satisfaction by asserting the mediating role of loneliness. For this purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional study with 978 people over the age of 20 from various parts of Turkey using a general screening model. Firstly, we analyzed the direct effect of interpersonal rejection, interpersonal misperception, and unrealistic relationship expectation, which are sub-dimensions of cognitive distortions, loneliness, and life satisfaction. Secondly, we analyzed the effects of independent, mediation, and interaction (Loneliness X age) variables on satisfaction with life. Thirdly, we applied direct regression analysis between independent, mediating, and dependent variables to conduct the mediation analysis of the study. Also, we examined age as a moderator between loneliness and life satisfaction. The results showed loneliness as an essential determinant between cognitive distortions and life satisfaction. Moreover, in the moderation analysis, we found some age-related differences between loneliness and life satisfaction. According to this, both loneliness and life satisfaction increased with increasing age. However, life satisfaction decreased as loneliness increased in young people. Being able to compensate for loneliness in the aging process is an essential psychological indicator. Although young people have more opportunities than older people, their ability to cope with negative situations such as loneliness is largely undeveloped. These results showed both psychological and sociological problems of loneliness. Therefore, the results can be useful for the prevention of loneliness and the development of intervention programs.

scholarly journals Positional, mobility and reference effects: How does social class affect life satisfaction in Europe?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caspar Kaiser ◽  
Nhat An Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Class Origin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So ◽  
Diagonal Reference Models

In this study, we analyse the effects of social class on life satisfaction and develop a theoretical framework that shows how social class affects life satisfaction through five pathways. Informed by this framework, we estimate the direct effects of class destination and class origin, the effect of own intergenerational class mobility as well as the effects of others’ class position and mobility (so-called reference effects). To do so, we utilize European Social Survey (ESS) waves 1 to 5 (2002-2010). We obtain information on life satisfaction as well as destination and origin class for about 100,000 respondents in 32 European countries. Our mobility analyses are performed with diagonal reference models, which allow for the consistent estimation of mobility effects. We find: (1) Class destination consistently and strongly structures life satisfaction across Europe. (2) Own class mobility positively impacts life satisfaction, particularly in Eastern Europe. (3) Other’s class mobility has a strong negative effect on life satisfaction. Especially the latter finding points to the hitherto neglected importance of reference effects when considering the impact of social class onlife satisfaction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document