scholarly journals An Exaggerated Monocyte-Derived Cytokine Response to Candida Hyphae in Patients With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diletta Rosati ◽  
Mariolina Bruno ◽  
Martin Jaeger ◽  
Bart-Jan Kullberg ◽  
Frank van de Veerdonk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group A ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Background Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects up to 8% of women. The immunopathogenesis is poorly understood but it has been suggested that RVVC might be due to dysregulated innate immune response. The aim of this study was to compare cytokine profiles in stimulated primary mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RVVC and healthy individuals. Methods PBMCs isolated from RVVC patients (n = 24) and healthy volunteers (n = 30) were stimulated with unspecific and pathogen-specific antigens. Cytokine production was assessed after 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days using ELISA. Results No significant differences in cytokine production were found in T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 immunity in response to both unspecific and pathogen-specific stimulations. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in response to C. albicans hyphae was significantly higher in patients than controls and within the patient group, a significant positive correlation was found between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and both TNF-α and IL-6. Both IL-1β/IL-1Ra and TNF-α/IL-10 ratios in Candida hyphae-stimulated PBMCs were significantly higher in patients than controls. Conclusions Women affected by RVVC showed increased monocytes-derived cytokine production, which might contribute to an exaggerated vaginal immune response to Candida hyphae. RVVC patients show no defective Th-dependent adaptive immune response upon Candida stimulation.

"Tien-Hsien Liquid" Can Modulate Antigen-Stimulated Cytokine Production by T-Cells Isolated from Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Ulcerations

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 559-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Sun ◽  
Jean-San Chia ◽  
Won-Bo Wang ◽  
Chun-Pin Chiang
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU) represent a common oral mucosal disease with altered humoral and cellular immunities. Tien-Hsien liquid (THL) is an extract of Chinese medicinal herbs with immunomodulating effects. Our previous study found that THL can modulate the antigen-stimulated proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cells isolated from RAU patients. In this study, we further tested whether THL can modulate the antigen-stimulated cytokine production by T-cells isolated from RAU patients. To achieve this goal, T-cells isolated from 19 RAU patients were incubated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), glutaraldehyde-inactivated tetanus toxoid (TT), glucosyltransferase D (GtfD), or antigens of Streptococcus mutans in the presence or absence of THL. The levels of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, or IL-10 in the supernatants of T-cell cultures were measured by cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We found that THL significantly increased the PHA- or TT-stimulated TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 production by T-cells isolated from RAU patients. However, THL could also significantly decrease the TT-stimulated IL-2 production, the GtfD-stimulated IL-2, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 production, and the S. mutans-stimulated IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 production by T-cells isolated from RAU patients. These results indicate that THL can modulate the antigen-stimulated cytokine production by T-cells isolated from RAU patients. Because RAU is probably a Thl-mediated disease with elevated levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 in either the patient's sera or oral lesions and these increased levels of cytokines can be reduced by THL, we suggest that THL may be a potential immunoceutical agent for treatment of RAU.

Presence of neutrophil-bearing antigen in lymphoid organs of immune mice

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 3094-3102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belkys A. Maletto ◽  
Andrea S. Ropolo ◽  
Diego O. Alignani ◽  
Miriam V. Liscovsky ◽  
Romina P. Ranocchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Innate Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract Neutrophils play a crucial early role during the innate response, but little is known about their possible contribution when an adaptive immune response is installed. A robust neutrophilia and a T helper 1 (Th1) immune response are present after immunization with Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA). We show that when FITC-labeled OVA was injected into the footpad of OVA/CFA immunized mice, the main OVA-FITC+ cells recruited in draining popliteal lymph nodes (LNs) were neutrophils, with most of them arriving at the LN by means of lymphatic vessels. The development of this OVA-FITC+ neutrophil influx requires an immune response against OVA. The OVA-FITC+ neutrophils present in LNs displayed mainly intracellular TNF-α, and their depletion resulted in an increase in the specific IL-5 levels. These data provide new evidence about the role played by neutrophils in vivo in adaptive immunity.

scholarly journals Current Concepts of Biliary Atresia and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7: A Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nomden ◽  
Leonie Beljaars ◽  
Henkjan J. Verkade ◽  
Jan B. F. Hulscher ◽  
Peter Olinga
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 7

Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare cholangiopathy of infancy in which the bile ducts obliterate, leading to profound cholestasis and liver fibrosis. BA is hypothesized to be caused by a viral insult that leads to over-activation of the immune system. Patients with BA are surgically treated with a Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE), which aims to restore bile flow from the liver to the intestines. After KPE, progressive liver fibrosis is often observed in BA patients, even despite surgical success and clearance of their jaundice. The innate immune response is involved during the initial damage to the cholangiocytes and further differentiation of the adaptive immune response into a T-helper 1 cell (Th1) response. Multiple studies have shown that there is continuing elevation of involved cytokines that can lead to the progressive liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism by which the progressive injury occurs is not fully elucidated. Recently, matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) has been investigated to be used as a biomarker to diagnose BA. MMPs are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, but also have non-ECM related functions. The role of MMP-7 and other MMPs in liver fibrosis is just starting to be elucidated. Multiple studies have shown that serum MMP-7 measurements are able to accurately diagnose BA in a cohort of cholestatic patients while hepatic MMP-7 expression correlated with BA-related liver fibrosis. While the mechanism by which MMP-7 can be involved in the pathophysiology of BA is unclear, MMP-7 has been investigated in other fibrotic pathologies such as renal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. MMP-7 is involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, reducing cell-to-cell contact by shedding of E-cadherin, amplifying inflammation and fibrosis via osteopontin (OPN) and TNF-α while it also appears to play a role in induction of angiogenesis This review aims to describe the current understandings of the pathophysiology of BA. Subsequently, we describe how MMP-7 is involved in other pathologies, such as renal and pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we propose how MMP-7 can potentially be involved in BA. By doing this, we aim to describe the putative role of MMP-7 as a prognostic biomarker in BA and to provide possible new therapeutic and research targets that can be investigated in the future.

scholarly journals Effect of soluble interleukin-6 receptor α and interleukin-6 secreted by polymorphonuclear leukocytes on tumor necrosis factor-α expression and its production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jablonska
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: It has recently been shown that soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) alone or complexed with interleukin (IL)-6, besides their regulatory role in a wide variety of both normal and abnormal biologic reactions mediated by IL-6, could be an effective stimulator of the cell function.Aims: The key question of the present study is whether the sIL-6Rα or sIL-6R with IL-6 released by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) can influence cytokine secretion such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which together with PMN develop the inflammatory and immune response of a host.Methods: Cells were isolated from heparinized whole blood of healthy persons. The PMN were cultured for 1 h at 37°C in 5% CO2. After incubation, the culture supernatant of PMN was removed and was added to PBMC. The PBMC were cultured for 1 h at 37°C in the same conditions. In the culture supernatants and lysates of PMN, we examined the concentrations of sIL-6R by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TNF-α was measured at both protein and mRNA levels. Protein levels were determined by ELISA. To examine TNF-α mRNA expression, we isolated mRNA from PBMC after culture, using TRIZOL Reagent. The quantity of mRNA TNF-α was determined by the Quantikine mRNA assay.Results and conclusion: The results obtained revealed that sIL-6R with IL-6 secreted by PMN may play a regulatory role in the immune response by modulating the TNF-α expression and its production by PBMC. This may have a significant influence on an early phase of the inflammation and other reactions mediated by TNF-α.

Hyaluronic acid-specific regulation of cytokines by human uterine fibroblasts

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (4) ◽  
pp. C1151-C1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kobayashi ◽  
Toshihiko Terao
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Serum Free Conditions ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase

The physiological inflammatory response can provide an effective mechanism for delivering the baby at the time of parturition. We characterized the mechanisms by which hyaluronic acid (HA) regulates interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in human uterine fibroblasts. A dose-dependent increase in cytokine release was observed over an HA concentration range of 10 μg/ml to 1 mg/ml. The action of HA on the cytokine production is mediated by CD44. Under serum-free conditions, HA-induced cytokine generation was significantly less compared with production in the presence of serum, suggesting involvement of serum proteins. Addition of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) under serum-free conditions enhanced the HA-induced synthesis of TNF-α, which stimulated the temporary release of IL-8. In addition, HA and IL-1β stimulated the release of hyaluronidase by the fibroblasts. These results indicate that cytokine production in human uterine fibroblasts is regulated in a CD44-HA-ITI-specific fashion. HA may be involved in the regulation of delivery in part through the selective release of cytokines that contribute to uterine cervical ripening.

The Effect of Acupuncture on Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Patients with Chronic Headache: A Preliminary Report

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ja Jeong ◽  
Seung-Heon Hong ◽  
Yong-Che Nam ◽  
Hee-Sook Yang ◽  
Yeoung-Su Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Tnf Α

Acupuncture has been widely used as a treatment for various conditions like headache and stroke, especially in Asian countries such as Korea and China. But few scientific investigations have been carried out. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of acupuncture on the production of inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic headache (CH). Patients with CH were treated with acupuncture during the acute stage. Clinical signs of CH disappeared markedly after three months of treatment with acupuncture. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a normal group and those from the patients with CH, before and after treatment with acupuncture, were cultured for 24 hours in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The amount of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS culture supernatant was significantly increased in the patients with CH compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). But those cytokines came down toward the levels of the healthy group (p < 0.05) after treatment with acupuncture, although the levels still remained elevated. Plasma cytokine levels were analyzed to evaluate any change due to acupuncture treatment. There was little difference in the levels of IL-1β or IL-6 due to the treatment with acupuncture in the patients with CH, but significantly reduced plasma levels of TNF-α were observed. These data suggest that acupuncture treatment has an inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in patients with CH.

scholarly journals Polyphenol Effects on Splenic Cytokine Response in Post-Weaning Contactin 1-Overexpressing Transgenic Mice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Anna Spagnoletta ◽  
Antonella Bizzoca ◽  
Matteo Antonio Russo ◽  
Emilio Jirillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: In mice, postnatal immune development has previously been investigated, and evidence of a delayed maturation of the adaptive immune response has been detected. Methods: In this study, the effects of red grape polyphenol oral administration on the murine immune response were explored using pregnant mice (TAG/F3 transgenic and wild type (wt) mice) as the animal model. The study was performed during pregnancy as well as during lactation until postnatal day 8. Suckling pups from polyphenol-administered dams as well as day 30 post-weaning pups (dietary-administered with polyphenols) were used. Polyphenol effects were evaluated, measuring splenic cytokine secretion. Results: Phorbol myristate acetate-activated splenocytes underwent the highest cytokine production at day 30 in both wt and TAG/F3 mice. In the latter, release of interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was found to be higher than in the wt counterpart. In this context, polyphenols exerted modulating activities on day 30 TAG/F3 mice, inducing release of interleukin (IL)-10 in hetero mice while abrogating release of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-4 in homo and hetero mice. Conclusion: Polyphenols are able to prevent the development of an inflammatory/allergic profile in postnatal TAG/F3 mice.

Expression of CCR6 and CD83 by cytokine-activated human neutrophils

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 3958-3963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Yamashiro ◽  
Ji-Ming Wang ◽  
De Yang ◽  
Wang-Hua Gong ◽  
Hidenobu Kamohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Macrophage Colony

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) are thought to be terminally differentiated, short-lived, and unable to actively synthesize new proteins or to interact with T cells. In the current study, it was found that PMNLs incubated with supernatants of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PHA-sup) expressed high levels of CCR6 mRNA. Neutralization with IgG against several cytokines revealed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was largely responsible for the PHA-sup–induced CCR6 mRNA expression. Among recombinant cytokines, TNF-α induced high levels of CCR6 mRNA expression, whereas interferon (IFN)-γ induced low levels. The 2 cytokines together exhibited a considerable synergy. Cytokine-activated PMNLs expressed functional CCR6, as detected by the binding of sodium iodide I 125–labeled liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) and dose-dependent migration toward LARC. The induction of CCR6 suggested that these cytokine-activated PMNLs have more similarities with dendritic cells (DCs) that express CCR6 in an immature stage. In fact, the activation of PMNLs with TNF-α and IFN-γ induced the expression of CD83, a dominant cell-surface marker of DCs. When PMNLs were activated with granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, these cells expressed CD40 and HLA-DR in addition to CD83. Taken together, PMNLs, under appropriate conditions, can undergo a differentiation process characterized by the acquisition of new phenotypes and functions, and such differentiated PMNLs may play more active roles in the adaptive immune response.

scholarly journals Systemic Inflammation Induced by microRNAs: Endometriosis-Derived Alterations in Circulating microRNA 125b-5p and Let-7b-5p Regulate Macrophage Cytokine Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepide E Nematian ◽  
Ramanaiah Mamillapalli ◽  
Trisha S Kadakia ◽  
Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin ◽  
Sarah Moustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Circulating Microrna ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Macrophage Cytokine

Abstract Context Endometriosis is characterized by aberrant inflammation. We previously reported increased levels of microRNA (miRNA) 125b-5p and decreased levels of miRNA Let-7b-5p in serum of patients with endometriosis. Objective Determine the regulatory function of miRNAs 125b-5p and Let-7b-5p on production of proinflammatory cytokines in endometriosis. Design Case-control study. Setting University hospital. Patients Women with (20) and without (26) endometriosis; human U937 macrophage cell line. Intervention Sera were collected from surgically diagnosed patients and differentiated U937 cells that were transfected with miRNAs 125b-5p and Let-7b-5p mimics and inhibitor. Main Outcome Measures Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1β levels and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for expression of miRNAs 125b-5p and Let-7b-5p in sera of patients with and without endometriosis. Transfected macrophages were evaluated for expression of inflammatory cytokines, intracellular production, and secretion of these cytokines. Results We noted substantial elevation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, marked upregulation of miRNA 125b, and considerable downregulation of Let-7b in sera of patients with endometriosis vs control. There was a positive correlation between miRNA 125b levels and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and a negative correlation between miRNA Let-7b levels and TNF-α in sera of patients with endometriosis. Transfection experiments showed a noteworthy upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in macrophages transfected with miRNA 125b mimic or Let-7b inhibitor. The secreted cytokine protein levels and intracellular imaging studies closely correlate with the messenger RNA changes. Conclusions Endometriosis-derived miRNAs regulate macrophage cytokine production that contributes to inflammation associated with this condition.

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