scholarly journals Problems with the problem list: challenges of transparency in an era of patient curation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 981-984
Author(s):  
Amy S Porter ◽  
Jolene O’Callaghan ◽  
Kristin A Englund ◽  
Robert R Lorenz ◽  
Eric Kodish
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Problem List ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Current State ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Physician's Role ◽  
Medical Paternalism ◽  
Problem Lists

Abstract In recent years, the OpenNotes movement and other changes in healthcare have driven institutions to make medical records increasingly transparent. As patients have begun to question and request changes to their Problem Lists, clinicians have come to face the ever more frequent challenge of discerning which changes to make and which to refuse. Now clinicians and patients together choose the list of problems that represent the patient’s current state of health and illness. As the physician’s role slides closer to consultant and the medical paternalism of the twentieth century falls further into the background of our technology-infused present, who holds the power of delineating a patient’s clinical identity? This paper examines the ethical and practical dimensions of this question and proposes a research agenda that aims to answer it. Such explorations are essential to ensuring that the physician remains relevant to patient’s notions of health, illness, intervention, and healing.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Harris
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
George Balanchine ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lincoln Center

The Conclusion briefly examines the current state of the New York City Ballet under the auspices of industrial billionaire David H. Koch at Lincoln Center. In so doing, it to introduces a series of questions, warranting still more exploration, about the rapid and profound evolution of the structure, funding, and role of the arts in America through the course of the twentieth century. It revisits the historiographical problem that drives Making Ballet American: the narrative that George Balanchine was the sole creative genius who finally created an “American” ballet. In contrast to that hagiography, the Conclusion reiterates the book’s major contribution: illuminating the historical construction of our received idea of American neoclassical ballet within a specific set of social, political, and cultural circumstances. The Conclusion stresses that the history of American neoclassicism must be seen as a complex narrative involving several authors and discourses and crossing national and disciplinary borders: a history in which Balanchine was not the driving force, but rather the outcome.

scholarly journals Preference measurement in health using experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Zweifel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Preference Measurement ◽  
Health Econ ◽  
Economic Criterion ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Current State ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

AbstractThis contribution has three objectives. First, it seeks to justify the use of the economic criterion, “Provision of health care in accordance with the preferences of current and potential patients” for guiding decisions concerning the adoption of costly innovation in health. Next, it proposes the measurement of these preferences in the guise of willingness to pay (WTP) values through Discrete Choice Experiments (DCEs). Third, it purports to examine two popular arguments against accepting lay persons´ preferences, viz. that they are unwilling or unable to express preferences with regard to health and health care, and that their preferences are unstable, depending on the current state of health. Both of these arguments are refuted by the findings of four DCEs designed to measure WTP for attributes of health insurance and of the treatment of diabetes, respectively [Zweifel in J Regul Econ 29(3): 319–332, 2006; MacNeil Vrooman and Zweifel in Eur J Health Econ 12(1): 87–95, 2011; Sennhauser and Zweifel in: Jakovlijevic M (ed.), Health Economics and Policy Challenges in Global Emerging Markets. NOVA Publishers, Hauppauge NY, 2016].

Metaphilosophical metamorphoses of analytic philosophy of language

Semiotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Szubka
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
First Century ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Current State ◽  
First Philosophy ◽  
New Millennium

Abstract The paper begins with an account of the emergence of analytic philosophy of language in the twentieth century in the context of the development of logic and the linguistic turn. Subsequently, it describes two examples of analytic philosophy of language in its heyday when the discipline was conceived as first philosophy. Finally, it provides, by way of conclusion, a succinct outline of the current state of philosophy of language, marked by modesty and fragmentation. It is claimed that even if one retains optimism about the prospects of philosophy of language in the first century of the new millennium, it would be unreasonable to disagree with the opinion that the present-day philosophy of language is a highly specialized and diversified discipline and no longer so central for philosophical enterprise as it used to be.

Diversity in the Workplace: A Review, Synthesis, and Future Research Agenda

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quinetta M. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Workforce Diversity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Current State ◽  
Diversity In The Workplace ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Fueled by socioeconomic trends that changed the composition of organizational workforces, the term workforce diversity was coined in the 1990s. Since then, both researchers and practitioners have strived (and struggled) to understand the concept, its effects in and on organizations, and strategies for managing such effects. In this article, I provide an overview and interpretation of the current literature to examine its purpose, progress, and direction. Highlighting key conceptualizations of the construct, theoretical foundations, and empirical findings on diversity and diversity management, I discuss the evolution and current state of the field and synthesize this information to propose a future research agenda. In doing so, I seek to identify theoretical, empirical, and practice areas of opportunity for advancing scientific knowledge about the meaning, substance, and outcomes of diversity as well as the implementation of diversity science in organizations.

Death and Society in Twentieth Century America

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fulton ◽  
Greg Owen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
The Media ◽  
Immediate Experience ◽  
Twentieth Century America ◽  
Two Age Groups

American attitudes and responses toward death have changed markedly during the twentieth century. This transformation is illustrated through an examination of two age groups: those born prior to the advent of the atomic bomb, and those born into the nuclear age. Each cohort contended with very different patterns of environment and socio-historical experiences, and had differential life expectancies as well. Images of death have changed significantly over this time-span, partially because of the pervasive influence of television and the overall growth in the importance of media. Death's presence in the media is simultaneously everywhere and nowhere; it is at once illusively fantastical and frighteningly real. Today's youth face the threat of a sudden anonymous death that is counterpoised against a more immediate experience with death that often is either distorted or denied. It is within this context that America's youth express their fears and frustrations in music, drugs, violence, and vicarious death experiences. The research agenda should include investigation of such phenomena as the rising interest in spirituality and the increase in suicide among adolescents as possible symptoms of despair in an impersonal and threatened world.

Respiratory gymnastics as a means of strengthening the health of student youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
N. Shashlov
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Current State

The article analyzes the current state of health of students of higher education institutions. The importance of breathing exercises for student youth in a pandemic is determined. The necessity of using respiratory techniques to harden the body, improve the work of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is substantiated. It is established that breathing exercises are a system of breathing exercises and an effective means of strengthening human health. During respiratory gymnastics our body is saturated with oxygen, blood circulation improves, metabolic processes are accelerated, emotional state is stabilized, immunity is strengthened. Breathing exercises improve and activate the function of external respiration, promote its faster recovery after exercise and have a specific effect on some respiratory diseases. Health is the main value of human life, to which man himself does not pay due attention. An important preventive factor in strengthening it is a healthy lifestyle. There are basic requirements for maintaining a healthy lifestyle - physical activity, nutrition, comfortable conditions and a rational mode of work and rest, optimal exercise, abandonment of bad habits, the use of traditional and non-traditional means of health. The problem of health, especially of students, is receiving more and more attention. The state of health of students can be classified as high risk. The transition from one learning environment to another, more intensive, requires the body of the future student to pay more attention to the work of critical systems, including respiratory. There are many issues related to the formation of new approaches to health promotion.

Electronic Medical Records for (Visceral) Medicine: An Overview of the Current Status and Prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sven Kernebeck ◽  
Theresa Sophie Busse ◽  
Chantal Jux ◽  
Ulrich Bork ◽  
Jan P. Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Current Status ◽  
User Training ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Professional Treatment

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Electronic medical records (EMRs) offer key advantages over analog documentation in healthcare. In addition to providing details about current and past treatments, EMRs enable clear and traceable documentation regardless of the location. This supports evidence-based, multi-professional treatment and leads to more efficient healthcare. However, there are still several challenges regarding the use of EMRs. Understanding these challenges is essential to improve healthcare. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the current state of EMRs in the field of visceral medicine, to describe the future prospects in this field, and to highlight some of the challenges that need to be faced. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> The benefits of EMRs are manifold and particularly pronounced in the area of quality assurance and improvement of communication not only between different healthcare professionals but also between physicians and patients. Besides the danger of medical errors, the health consequences for the users (cognitive load) arise from poor usability or a system that does not fit into the real world. Involving users in the development of EMRs in the sense of participatory design can be helpful here. The use of EMRs in practice together with patients should be accompanied by training to ensure optimal outcomes in terms of shared decision-making. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> EMRs offer a variety of benefits. However, it is critical to consider user involvement, setting specificity, and user training during development, implementation, and use in order to minimize unintended consequences.

Opportunities and Challenges Ahead for University-Based Evaluator Education Programs, Faculty, and Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-438
Author(s):  
John M. LaVelle ◽  
Stewart I. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Faculty Member ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Program Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Current State

The profession of evaluation continues to grow, generating more demand for evaluation services than can be fulfilled by the supply of well-trained evaluation practitioners. In this brief forum article, we discuss the current state of evaluator education in the United States and the ways in which university-based programs support the development of evaluation practitioners and scholars. We then discuss the opportunities and challenges university-based programs face, focusing on program design, the challenges of being an evaluation-focused faculty member, and the specific needs of evaluation graduate students. We conclude by providing a research agenda for evaluation scholars interested in advancing the knowledge base about university-based evaluator education.

ONTOLOGY LEARNING and the HUMANITIES

2011 ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Toby Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Ontology Learning ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential

This chapter reviews the current state of play in the use of ontologies in the humanities, with best-practice examples from selected disciplines. It looks at the specific domain problems faced by the humanities, and examines the various approaches currently being employed to construct, maintain, and develop humanities ontologies. The application of ontology learning in the humanities is discussed by reviewing a range of research projects in different disciplines. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the future potential of ontology learning in the humanities, and an attempt to set out a research agenda for this field.

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