scholarly journals Evaluation of TA10 Broth for Recovery of Heat- and Freeze-Injured Salmonella from Beef

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Kamisaki -Horikoshi ◽  
Yukio Okada ◽  
Kazuko Takeshita ◽  
Takashi Sameshima ◽  
Susumu Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Method ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Contamination Levels

Abstract The Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Salmonella pre-enrichment broth [lactose (LAC) broth], buffered peptone water, and universal pre-enrichment (UP) broth were compared with TA10 broth, developed in our laboratory, for recovery of heat- and freeze-injured Salmonella (55°C for 2–20 min and –20°C for 2 months, respectively) from beef. Beef samples were contaminated with single Salmonella serovars, and contamination levels of 0.44 to <0.001 most probable number (MPN)/g and 0.74 to 0.14 MPN/g were used for heat- and freezing-induced injury studies, respectively. Twenty test portions (25 g) of the contaminated beef were pre-enriched in each broth, and the BAM Salmonella culture method was used thereafter. There was a significant difference (χ2 = 7.73) in recovery of heat-injured Salmonella between TA10 broth and LAC broth, 189 (67.5%) versus 156 (55.7%) positive samples, respectively, determined by plating onto selective agars and identification by biochemical tests. For the recovery of freeze-injured Salmonella, there was a significant difference (χ2 = 24.7) between TA10 and LAC broth, 189 (72.7%) versus 133 (51.2%) positive samples, respectively. TA10 broth was more effective than LAC broth and UP broth for recovery of freeze-injured Salmonella. The results indicate that TA10 broth should be used instead of LAC broth for testing of beef that may be contaminated with heat- and freeze-injured Salmonella spp.

Evaluation of TA10 Broth for Recovery of Listeria monocytogenes from Ground Beef

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-473
Author(s):  
Naoko Kamisaki-Horikoshi ◽  
Yukio Okada ◽  
Kazuko Takeshita ◽  
Makoto Takada ◽  
Shinichi Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peptone Water

Abstract In 2009, the enrichment broth TA10 was released for simultaneous recovery of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. This medium was compared with other Salmonella enrichment broths [lactose (LAC) broth, buffered peptone water (BPW), and universal pre-enrichment (UP) broth] for the recovery of heat- and freeze-injured Salmonella spp. in beef by the conventional culture method. There was a significant difference between TA10 and LAC enrichment broths for detecting injured Salmonella spp. In this study, the International Organization for Standardization Listeria pre-enrichment broth (Half-Fraser/Fraser) was compared with TA10 broth for the recovery of L. monocytogenes from ground beef. Ground beef samples were contaminated with single Listeria serovars at levels of 0.096 to 0.001 most probable number/g. Twenty 25 g test portions of the contaminated ground beef were pre-enriched in each broth, and the ISO-11290-1 Listeria official isolation protocol was used thereafter. There was a significant difference between TA10 broth (48 h) and Half-Fraser/Fraser broth (72 h) in the recovery of L. monocytogenes. In addition, the incubation time for TA10 broth was shorter than for Half-Fraser/Fraser broth. The results indicate that TA10 broth should be used instead of Half-Fraser/Fraser broth for analysis of beef that may be contaminated with very low levels of L. monocytogenes.

Miniaturized Most Probable Number and Enrichment Serology Technique for the Enumeration of Salmonella spp. on Poultry Carcasses

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1306-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLORENCE S. HUMBERT ◽  
GILLES SALVAT ◽  
FRANÇOISE LALANDE ◽  
PIERRE COLIN
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Chicken Skin ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Skin Samples

The ability of two 8-tube most probable number (MPN) techniques to quantitatively recover Salmonella spp. from 26 fresh, naturally contaminated chicken skin samples was compared. Individual macerated skin samples were tested in parallel using a traditional (tMPN) and a miniaturized (mMPN) analytical procedure. In the tMPN assay, replicate aqueous portions from each macerated sample were preenriched individually in buffered peptone water, selectively enriched in Müller-Kauffmann tetrathionate brilliant green broth (MKTBG), and plated on Rambach agar. Each MKTBG was also postenriched in M Broth, and the resulting postenrichment culture screened for the presence of Salmonella cells by enrichment serology (ES). Although a similar analytical approach was used in the mMPN assay, it differed from the tMPN in the use of smaller test volumes dispensed in microplates, and on a sedimented portion of skin macerate as test material. Of the 26 Salmonella-contaminated samples examined in this study, the tMPN coupled to Rambach agar or ES identified 23 and 24 positive samples, respectively. Under homologous conditions, the mMPN detected all 26 positive Salmonella contaminated samples. The most probable numbers in 100-g skin samples analyzed by the tMPN ranged from 18/100 g to 9,530,000/100 g with a median value of 570/100 g. Levels of contamination by the mMPN procedure ranged from 90/100 g to 556,000/100 g with a median value of 1,200/100 g. Statistical analysis of experimental data underlined the equivalence of the tMPN and the mMPN procedures and nonequivalence of the Rambach plating and ES conditions. It is suggested that the microplate mMPN coupled to ES offers a reliable and more cost-effective analytical approach for the quantitative recovery of Salmonella on broiler carcasses.

Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Commercially Broken Unpasteurized Liquid Egg in Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIHO OHKOCHI ◽  
MIYUKI NAKAZAWA ◽  
NOBUHIRO SASHIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liquid Whole Egg ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Good Agreement

Unpasteurized liquid whole-egg samples were collected from six and seven commercial establishments across Japan in 1993 and 1994 and in 2005, respectively. The samples were tested for the presence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Detection rates of the Listeria spp. were greatly different among the egg-breaking facilities, with a range of 8 to 55%. There was no significant difference in the contamination rate between the samples from 1993 and 1994 and from 2005. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 2 of 487 (0.4%) samples in 1993 and 1994, and 2 of 316 (0.6%) samples in 2005. These detection rates are lower than known detection rates of other livestock products (5.1 to 42%). In 2005, the L. monocytogenes–positive samples were quantified by a most-probable-number counting experiment, and the contamination levels were below 7.5 organisms per 25 g of sample. D55°C-values of 0.59 to 4.08/min were determined for L. monocytogenes isolated in this study. This heat tolerance is in a good agreement with past reports, and slightly higher than that of Salmonella. This study suggests that the legal pasteurization condition of liquid egg is sufficient to ensure microbial safety against L. monocytogenes because the contamination rate and its level are considerably low.

scholarly journals Detection of microbial contamination in chicken meat from local markets in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 3138-3143
Author(s):  
Dhandy Koesoemo Wardhana ◽  
Ajeng Erika Prihastuti Haskito ◽  
Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama ◽  
Devi Ayu Safitri ◽  
Suwaibatul Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Meat Samples

Background and Aim: Chicken meat can be contaminated by microorganisms anywhere in the supply chain, from farm to market, and these microorganisms can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, contact with the environment, and food consumption. The microbial contamination has a serious impact on public health. This study aimed to analyze the microbial contamination of chicken meat sampled from local markets in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 samples of fresh chicken meat obtained from 10 traditional markets (six samples per market) were examined for the presence of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli were identified using Gram staining, culturing, and biochemical tests. The most probable number (MPN) method was used to identify E. coli. Results: Most chicken meat samples were positive for S. aureus (58.3%), Salmonella spp. (48.3%), and E. coli (40%). The samples were considered positive for E. coli if the MPN value was higher than 1×101 CFU/g. Conclusion: High microbial contamination was found in all the chicken meat sampled from local markets in Surabaya. Such contamination can lead to foodborne diseases so, proper hygiene and sanitation standards should be followed from slaughterhouses to the end-users.

Use of Iron Milk Medium for Enumeration of Clostridium perfringens

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D St John ◽  
Jack R Matches ◽  
Marleen M Wekell
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Short Incubation Time

Abstract A simple iron milk medium was used for isolation and enumeration of Clostridium perfringens from soil, sludge, and water samples. The whole milk contained only iron powder as a reducing agent; no other inhibitors were added. The iron milk most probable number (MPN) procedure was compared with 4 plating media: sulfite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine, Shahidi-Ferguson perfringens, tryptose-sulfite- cycloserine (both with and without egg yolk), and tryptone-sulfite-neomycin. The selectivity of the iron milk relies solely on the rapid growth of C. perfringens at 45°C and the stormy fermentation reaction within 18 h. Isolates were confirmed as C. perfringens by standard biochemical tests. The iron milk MPN procedure compared very well with the 4 plating media tested. Selectivity of incubation temperature, short incubation time, and ease of identification by the characteristic stormy fermentation make this method ideal for enumerating C. perfringens from large numbers of samples.

scholarly journals Isolation and Enumeration of Escherichia coli from Soil and Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Anindita Bhowmik ◽  
Sunjukta Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dilution Series

Majority of the population of Bangladesh depend on tap or surface water as their source of water supply. This study was carried out to examine the microbial quality of both water and soil collected from different places using the multiple tube fermentation technique to determine coliform count by the most probable number (MPN) method in brilliant green lactose broth (BGLB) media.Inoculum from positive tubes of the presumptive test were further transferred on eosinemethylene blue (EMB) and MacConkey agar.The organisms isolated were further characterized using biochemical tests. Out of 93 water samples, 30 (32.26%) indicated the presence of lactose fermenter and gas producer in all 3 tubes of dilution series using inoculum quantities of 1.0, 0.1 and 0.01 ml, whereas out of 85 soil samples, 45 (52.94%) showed acid and gas production in all 3 tubes of dilution series.Among 85 soil samples, 40 samples that contained at least one positive in each dilution series and among 93 water samples, 31 samples that contained at least one positive in each dilution series were further re-identified with biochemical tests.This study showed 30.59% soil isolates and 26.88% water isolates were Escherichia coli which highlighted the fact that both water and soil act as a major reservoir of E.coli, which indicates possible fecal contamination as well as presence of potentially pathogenic E. coli. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 36 Number 2 December 2019, pp 75-77

scholarly journals Hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum packed beef produced by slaughterhouses qualified for export in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado ◽  
Barbara Müller ◽  
Ricardo César Tavares Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Market Expansion ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

ABSTRACT: Brazil is the largest exporter of beef of the world and Mato Grosso State is the highest beef producer in this country. To maintain product competitiveness and market expansion, sanitary hygienic control of the entire process is indispensable to ensure the attainment of harmless beef and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hygienic sanitary conditions of vacuum-packed beef produced by establishments qualified for export in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 60 samples were submitted to coliforms counts at 35°C and at 45°C and E. coli. The mean contamination by at 35°C and coliforms at 45°C were 3,1 x 102MPN/g and 7.7MPN/g respectively. The presence of E. coli was verified in five samples, representing an occurrence of 8.3% (5/60), and Salmonella spp. in 5% (03/60) of the analyzed samples. The MPN (Most Probable Number) average of coliforms at 35°C and 45°C are in accordance to national and international legislation; however, the presence of Samonella spp., E. coli in some sample indicates a low risk of occurrence of salmonellosis and colibacillosis transmitted by the evaluated beef. However, transmission risk of these diseases cannot be ruled out, since the presence of E. coli does not depend on the amount of coliforms and national legal standards established for the group of thermotolerant coliforms.

scholarly journals Methods for the Recovery of Salmonella spp. from Carboxymethylcellulose Gum, Gum Ghatti, and Gelatin

1998 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Miguel Amaguaña ◽  
Thomas S Hammack ◽  
Wallace H Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Final Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Test Portion ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
Gum Ghatti ◽  
Thickening Agents ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Foods analyzed for Salmonella spp. by the procedure in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual are preenriched at a 1:9 test portion/broth ratio. Various thickening agents preenriched at this ratio become viscous and nonpipettable after 24 h incubation at 35 C. The effects of 3 factors (presence of inorganic salts, adjustment of pH, and presence of enzymes) on the viscosity of the test portion/preenrichment mixtures of various thickening agents during incubation were determined. Reduction of the viscosities of these thickening agents was accomplished as follows: carboxymethylcellulose gum, addition of cellulase to a final concentration of 0.10℅ in lactose broth preenrichment and incubation with no pH adjustment; gum ghatti, addition of NaCI to a final concentration of 0.10℅ in lactose broth preerichment and adjustment of the pH to 6.5; and gelatin, addition of papain to a final concentration of 0.10℅ in lactose broth preenrichment and adjustment of the pH to 6.8. With these modified preenrichments, one Salmonella spp. cell/25 g (representing an approximate most probable number value of 0.04 cell/g) was generally recovered from the thickening agents.

Potassium Sorbate and Recovery of Pectinolytic Psychrotrophs from Vacuum-Packaged Pork

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. MYERS ◽  
J. E. EDMONDSON ◽  
M. E. ANDERSON ◽  
R. T. MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Public Health Significance ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Pectinolytic Bacteria

Pork loins were divided into small roasts. Thirty roasts were uninoculated and 30 were inoculated by dipping in 1 % peptone water containing 100 Colony-forming units (CFU)/ml of pectinolytic Yersinia enterocolitica. Twenty-four each of the uninoculated and inoculated roasts were sprayed with or dipped in 5 or 10% solutions of potassium sorbate. All roasts were then vacuum-packaged and stored at 5°C. After storage for 1 or 21 d, three roasts from each group were examined for psychrotrophic plate count (PPC) and the 3-tube most probable number of pectionolytic bacteria. Counts of psychrotrophs on lean surfaces of untreated controls increased by nearly 3.4 log10. Numbers on sorbate-treated lean surfaces increased about 2.0 log10. Growth and differences in counts on fatty surfaces were less. Numbers of pectinolytic bacteria on lean surfaces of controls increased by nearly 2.0 log10, but numbers of pectinase producers did not change significantly during storage of sorbate-treated samples. Of 30 pectinolytic isolates identified from roasts stored 21 d at 5°C, 87% were Yersinia spp. and 13% were Klebsiella oxytoca. Since most of the pectinolytic isolates were psychrotrophs of public health significance, inhibition of their growth by sorbate is of particular importance.

scholarly journals Comparison Of Full-Mouth Scaling and Quadrant-Wise Scaling in the Treatment of Adult Chronic Periodontitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Vinicius G. Roman-Torres ◽  
Matthew S. Bryington ◽  
Sergio T. Kussaba ◽  
Angelica Castro Pimentel ◽  
Ryo Jimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Microbial Detection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T

Abstract In the search for the ideal treatment of periodontal disease various non-surgical techniques should be considered. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of full-mouth scaling (FMS) by clinical and microbiological parameters. 670 individuals were evaluated with 230 subjects meeting the selection criteria and were divided into two groups; 115 subjects treated with FMS and 115 treated with weekly sessions of scaling and root planning (SRP). The patient population had a mean age of 51.67 years, with moderate chronic periodontitis. Subjects were evaluated prior to treatment (T1) and 90 days after execution of therapy (T2), with regards to: probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and microbial detection for the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Prevotella intermedia (P.i.) by culture method and confirmed by biochemical tests. Subjects treated in the FMS group also rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash for seven days following treatment. The results were analyzed using statistical Student’s t-test and chi-square test. No statistically significant differences were observed for PD and CAL between T1 and T2 in both groups. For GI and PI significant difference was observed between the groups. For the evaluated microbial parameters was observed reduction of P.g. and P.i., but only for P.g. with a significant reduction in both groups. The full mouth scaling technique with the methodology used in this study provided improved clinical conditions and reduction of P.g. in subjects with moderate periodontitis, optimizing the time spent in the therapeutic execution.

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