scholarly journals PSVII-14 Performance and health responses of feedlot cattle consuming different feed additives during a 45-day receiving period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Jacob Wiegand ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
To Receive

Abstract This experiment compared performance and health responses of feedlot cattle consuming different feed additives during a 45-d receiving period. Angus-influenced steers (n = 256) were purchased from a commercial auction yard, and road-transported (12 h) to the experimental feedyard on d -1. Upon arrival, body weight (BW) was recorded and steers were ranked by BW into 1 or 18 drylot pens (14 or 15 steers/pen). Pens were randomly assigned to receive RAMP® from d 0 to d 45 with the inclusion of: 1) Rumensin + Tylan (Elanco Animal Health; Greenfield, IN; 360 mg and 90 mg per animal/daily, respectively; RT), 2) Rumensin + Celmanax + Certillus (Church and Dwight Co., Inc., Princeton, NJ; 18 g and 28 per animal/daily, respectively; RCC), or Celmanax + Certillus (18 g and 28 per animal/daily, respectively; CC). Feed intake during the initial 21 d of the experiment was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in CC vs. RCC and RT. No treatment effects were detected for steer BW gain and feed efficiency (P ≥ 0.41). Total incidence of steers treated for respiratory disease did not differ between treatments (77.9, 82.3, and 80.0%, respectively, P = 0.77). Removal of steers from the experiment due to extreme morbidity of mortality was greater (P = 0.02) in RT vs. CC, and intermediate for RCC (22.4, 7.0, and 12.9%, respectively). Accordingly, total liveweight per pen on d 45 was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for CC and RCC vs. RT (3.79, 3.61, and 3.20 ton, respectively). Inclusion of CC into a receiving diet improved initial feed intake compared with ionophore-containing diets, but without changing steer performance. Moreover, CC and RCC resulted in improved health responses during the 45-d receiving period compared with the traditional RT receiving diet. These results suggest that CC ingredients improved intake and immunocompetence of receiving cattle.

PSXV-26 Performance and health responses of feedlot receiving cattle supplemented with pre- and probiotic ingredients

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
Shea Mackey ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Jacob Wiegand ◽  
Autumn Pickett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract This experiment compared performance and health responses of feedlot cattle receiving a synbiotic supplement (yeast-derived prebiotic + Bacillus subtilis probiotic), which replaced or were fed in conjunction with feed-grade antimicrobials (monensin and tylosin) during a 56-d receiving period. Angus-influenced steers (n = 192) from 4 different sources were transported for 800 km, and arrived on the experimental feedlot on d 0 when shrunk body weight (BW) was recorded. Steers were ranked by source and shrunk BW, and were allocated to 1 of 24 drylot pens. Pens were assigned to receive a free-choice diet containing: 1) monensin and tylosin (RT; 360 mg/steer daily from Rumensin and 90 mg/steer daily from Tylan; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN), 2) yeast-derived ingredient and B. subtilis probiotic (CC; 18 g/steer daily of Celmanax and 28 g/steer daily of Certillus; Church and Dwight Co., Inc., Princeton, NJ), or 3) monensin and tylosin combined with yeast-derived and B. subtilis ingredients (RTCC) as in RT and CC. Feed intake was greater (P < 0.01) in CC compared with RT and RTCC cattle (7.34, 6.15, 6.22 kg of dry matter/head daily, respectively; SEM = 0.29). Average daily gain tended (P ≤ 0.10) to be greater in CC compared with RT and RTCC cattle (1.23, 1.16, 1.16 kg/d, respectively; SEM = 0.03). Feed efficiency was less in CC compared with RT and RTCC cattle (0.160, 0.173, 0.171 kg/kg, respectively; SEM = 0.003). Incidence of bovine respiratory disease did not differ (P = 0.37) between treatments (25.9, 20.2, and 15.5% for CC, RT, and RTCC, respectively; SEM = 5.2) during the 56-d receiving period. Collectively, replacing RT with CC improved feed intake and BW gain during a 56-d receiving period, despite reducing feed efficiency. Combining RT and CC ingredients, however, did not yield additional productive and health benefits to receiving cattle.

scholarly journals 268 Administering an appeasing substance to optimize welfare and performance of receiving cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 193-193
Author(s):  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Jacob Wiegand ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract This experiment evaluated the impacts of bovine appeasing substance (BAS) administration on performance, health, and physiological responses of feedlot cattle during a 45-d receiving period. A total of 342 recently-weaned Angus-influenced steers, originating from 16 cow-calf operations, were obtained from an auction yard on d -1 and road-transported (12 h) to the feedlot. Upon arrival on d 0, body weight (BW) was recorded and steers were ranked by BW and source and assigned to receive BAS (Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil; n = 171) or placebo (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; CON; n = 171). Treatments (5 mL) were topically applied to the nuchal skin area of each animal. Within treatment, calves were allocated to 1 of 24 drylot pens (12 pens/treatment) and received a free choice total-mixed ration from d 1 to 45. Calves were assessed for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs and feed intake was recorded from each pen daily. Steer BW was again recorded on d 1, 7, 17, 31, and 45, whereas blood samples were collected from 5 steers/pen concurrently with each BW assessment. Average daily gain was greater (P = 0.05) in BAS vs. CON calves, although final BW did not differ (P = 0.36) between treatments. No treatment effects were detected for feed intake (P = 0.95), resulting in greater (P = 0.05) feed efficiency in BAS vs. CON steers. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.37) for plasma concentrations of haptoglobin, whereas plasma cortisol concentrations were greater (P = 0.05) in CON vs. BAS steers on d 7 (treatment × day; P = 0.07). Incidence of BRD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in BAS vs. CON on d 6 to 10 and d 18 to 21 (treatment × day; P < 0.01), although overall BRD incidence did not differ (P = 0.24) between treatments. The number of antimicrobial treatments required per steer diagnosed with BRD symptoms to recover from sickness was greater (P = 0.04) in CON vs. BAS calves. No treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.41) for mortality incidence, or proportion of steers removed from the experiment due to extreme sickness. Results from this experiment indicate BAS administration upon feedlot entry improved average daily gain by enhancing feed efficiency. Administration of BAS facilitated earlier detection of BRD and reduced the need for antimicrobial treatments. Collectively, these results suggest BAS administration as a promising strategy to benefit performance and immunocompetence of feedlot receiving cattle.

scholarly journals PSIX-39 Supplementing an immunomodulatory feed ingredient to improve thermoregulation and performance in finishing beef cattle under heat stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 392-392
Author(s):  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
Bruna Rett ◽  
Alice Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Finishing Cattle

Abstract This experiment compared physiological and productive parameters in finishing cattle managed under heat stress conditions, and supplemented or not with Omnigen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ). Crossbred cattle (Bos taurus × B. indicus; 64 heifers and 64 steers) were ranked by initial body weight (BW; 440 ± 3 kg) and sex, and allocated to 1 of 16 pens (8 heifers or steers/pen). Pens within sex were randomly assigned to receive (OMN; n = 8) or not (CON; n = 8) Omnigen-AF at 56 g/cow daily (as-fed basis). Cattle received a total-mixed ration during the experimental period (d 0 to 107), and Omnigen-AF was offered daily as a top-dress to OMN. Cattle were shipped on d 107 to a commercial packing facility for slaughter. Cattle BW was recorded and samples of blood and tail-switch hair collected on d 0, 28, 56, 84, and 106. Feed intake was evaluated biweekly from each pen, and feed efficiency calculated according to total feed intake and BW gain of each pen. From d 0 to 7, 28 to 42, and 84 to 98, heifer intravaginal temperature was recorded hourly (iButton temperature loggers DS1922L, Maxim Integrated, San Jose, CA). Environmental temperature humidity index (THI) was also recorded hourly throughout the experiment, and averaged 79.8 ± 0.6. Heifers receiving OMN had less (P < 0.05) vaginal temperature from 1500 to 1900h (39.05 vs. 39.19 °C), when THI ranged from 85.3 to 90.1. No treatment effects were detected (P > 0.20) for BW gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass traits. No treatment effects were also detected (P > 0.17) for plasma concentrations of cortisol and haptoglobin, and cortisol concentrations in tail-switch hair. Hence, OMN ameliorated hyperthermia in finishing cattle exposed to heat stress conditions, but such benefit was not sufficient to improve productive and physiological responses.

scholarly journals 118 Administering a synthetic appeasing pheromone to Bos indicus-influenced beef cattle at weaning and feedlot entry

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
Thiago Schumaher ◽  
Osvaldo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Calming Effect ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Synthetic appeasing pheromone (SAP) is expected to have a calming effect in cattle experiencing stressful situations, including weaning and feedlot arrival. In Exp. 1, 186 Bos indicus-influenced calves (73 heifers, 133 bulls) were weaned at 211 ± 1 d of age (d 0). Upon weaning, calves were ranked by sex and body weight (BW), and assigned to receive SAP (Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil; n = 94) or water (CON; n = 92). Treatments (5 mL) were topically applied to the forehead of each animal. Calf BW was recorded on d 15 and 45. Calves that received SAP had greater (P < 0.01) average daily again (ADG) from d 0 to 15, and BW on d 15 compared with CON (0.94 vs. 0.73 kg/d and 249 vs. 246 kg; respectively). Calf ADG from d 15 to 45 was similar (P = 0.97) between treatments. Overall ADG and BW on d 45 were also greater in SAP vs. CON (0.36 vs. 0.29 kg/d and 251 vs. 248 kg; respectively). In Exp. 2, 140 Bos indicus-influenced bulls (~27 mo of age) were transported from a cow-calf ranch to a commercial feedlot (d -1), and maintained on a single pasture for 24 h. On d 0, bulls were ranked by BW and assigned to receive SAP (n = 70) or CON (n = 70) as in Exp. 1. Bulls receiving SAP had greater (P = 0.04) ADG from d 0 to 15, but less (P <0.01) ADG from d 15 to 45 compared to CON (1.65 vs. 1.45 kg/d and 1.42 vs. 1.65 kg/d; respectively). No other treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.18). Therefore, SAP administration to beef cattle at weaning or feedlot entry had immediate benefits to ADG, which were sustained for 45 d in weaned calves but not in feedlot cattle

scholarly journals 150 Administering an appeasing substance to Bos indicus-influenced beef cattle at weaning and feedlot entry

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 149-149
Author(s):  
Allison Millican ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Thiago Schumaher ◽  
Osvaldo Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Calming Effect ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Bovine appeasing substance (BAS) is expected to have calming effect in cattle experiencing stressful situations, including weaning and feedlot arrival. In Exp. 1, 186 Bos indicus-influenced calves (73 heifers, 133 bulls) were weaned at 211 ± 1 d of age (d 0). Upon weaning, calves were ranked by sex and body weight (BW), and assigned to receive BAS (Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil; n = 94) or water (CON; n = 92). Treatments (5-mL) were topically applied to the forehead of each animal. Calf BW was recorded and samples of blood and tail-switch hair collected on d 0, 15, and 45. Calves that received BAS had greater (P &lt; 0.01) average daily again (ADG) from d 0 to 15, and BW on d 15 compared with CON. Overall ADG and BW on d 45 were also greater (P &lt; 0.05) in BAS vs. CON. Plasma concentrations of haptoglobin were less (P &lt; 0.01) in BAS vs. CON cattle on d 15, whereas cortisol concentrations in plasma and tail-switch hair did not differ between treatments (P &gt; 0.16). In Exp. 2, 140 B. indicus-influenced bulls (~27 mo of age) were transported from a cow-calf ranch to a commercial feedlot (d -1), and maintained on a single pasture for 24 h. On d 0, bulls were ranked by BW and assigned to receive BAS (n = 70) or CON (n = 70) as in Exp. 1. Bulls receiving BAS had greater (P = 0.04) ADG from d 0 to 15, but less (P &lt; 0.01) ADG from d 15 to 45 compared to CON. No other treatment effects were detected (P &gt; 0.18). Therefore, BAS administration to beef cattle at weaning or feedlot entry had immediate benefits to ADG, which were sustained for 45 d in weaned calves but not in feedlot cattle.

scholarly journals PSVIII-38 Late-Breaking Abstract: Estimating genetic parameters of feed efficiency traits in American mink

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 347-347
Author(s):  
Pourya Davoudi ◽  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Guoyu Hu ◽  
Siavash Salek Ardestani ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
American Mink ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Selection For

Abstract Feed cost is the major input cost in the mink industry and thus improvement of feed efficiency through selection for high feed efficient mink is necessary for the mink farmers. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations for different feed efficiency measures, including final body weight (FBW), daily feed intake (DFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). For this purpose, 1,088 American mink from the Canadian Center for Fur Animal Research at Dalhousie Faculty of Agriculture were recorded for daily feed intake and body weight from August 1 to November 14 in 2018 and 2019. The univariate models were used to test the significance of sex, birth year and color as fixed effects, and dam as a random effect. Genetic parameters were estimated via bivariate models using ASReml-R version 4. Estimates of heritabilities (±SE) were 0.41±0.10, 0.37±0.11, 0.33±0.14, 0.24±0.09 and 0.22±0.09 for FBW, DFI, ADG, FCR and RFI, respectively. The genetic correlation (±SE) was moderate to high between FCR and RFI (0.68±0.15) and between FCR and ADG (-0.86±0.06). In addition, RFI had low non-significant (P &gt; 0.05) genetic correlations with ADG (0.04 ± 0.26) and BW (0.16 ± 0.24) but significant (P &lt; 0.05) high genetic correlation with DFI (0.74 ± 0.11) indicating that selection for lower RFI will reduce feed intake without adverse effects on the animal size and growth rate. The results suggested that RFI can be implemented in genetic/genomic selection programs to reduce feed intake in the mink production system.

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Kennedy ◽  
J. C. M. Dekkers ◽  
R. K. Moore ◽  
L. Jairath
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Type Traits

Production and feed intake data on 36 115 first lactation Holstein cows obtained from Quebec Dairy Herd Analysis Service were combined with conformation data from the Holstein Association of Canada to estimate genetic correlations among production, energy intake, and conformation traits. Traits considered were 305-d milk yield, 305-d grain energy and total energy intake, feed efficiency (fat corrected milk yield/total energy intake), body weight at calving, capacity, size, stature, rump width and final score. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood based on two-trait animal mixed model analyses. The model contained fixed effects of herd-year, season of calving, age of calving, sire group and a random animal genetic effect. Estimates of heritability were within the published range for all traits. Of the conformation traits examined, capacity, size and stature had the highest correlations with body weight, with phenotypic correlations between 0.36 and 0.43, and genetic correlations between 0.61 and 0.79. Feed efficiency was negatively correlated to all body size measures, both phenotypically (−0.01 to −0.29) and genetically (−0.31 to −0.53), but most significantly with body weight, capacity, size, and stature. Fat-corrected milk yield showed negligible phenotypic and low to moderately negative genetic (−0.07 to −0.29) correlations with body weight and related type traits. Total energy intake was positively related to all measures of body size, most notably body weight, while grain energy intake had moderately negative genetic correlations (−0.20 to −0.40) with the same body size traits. Because of their detrimental relationships with feed efficiency, negative selection emphasis should be placed on body weight and the related type traits capacity, size and stature. Capacity, size and stature are of moderate utility when selecting indirectly for body weight, total energy intake and feed efficiency. Key words: Dairy cattle, genetics, production, conformation, feed efficiency

scholarly journals 434 Late-Breaking: Expression of Growth hormone Gene (GH) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-2) in metabolic tissues of pigs are affected by unconventional dietary feed sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Ufuoma G Sorhue ◽  
Ikenna Omeje ◽  
Ifeanyichukwu udeh ◽  
Adimabua M Moemeka ◽  
Raphael E Onainor
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Feed Conversion

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the growth performance and expression patterns of growth hormone gene and insulin-like growth factor in metabolic tissues of pigs fed different unconventional feed sources. A total of 45 growing pigs were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments at 9 animals per treatment and 3 animals per replicate. Treatment one (T1) comprise of whole maize (WM) which served as the control, T2: brewers dried grain (BDG), T3: cassava peel meal (CPM), T4: plantain peel meal (PPM) and T5: corn husk meal (CHM) at 35% inclusion in the diet. Data collected and analyzed includes; initial body weight (IBW), final body weight (FBW), average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed efficiency (FE). At the end of the feeding trial, three animals per treatment (one animal per replicate) were slaughtered; the duodenum and liver were collected and stored using RNALater prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analysed using the Delta-Delta Ct method. All data were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the treatment diets had effect on growth performance with significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) observed for average final weight, average total weight gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency while the initial weight were not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). IGF-2 was differentially expressed in the liver and duodenum across treatments while significant differences were not observed in the expression pattern of the growth hormone gene in both tissues. This study showed promise for the use of unconventional feeding stuffs in pig feeding and reveals that genes influencing performance characters are differentially expressed in relation to the source of unconventional feeds used in compounding pig diet.

Effect of feeding different levels of lysine and protein on the performance of WLH layers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naga Raja Kumari K ◽  
Ravinder Reddy V ◽  
Chinni Preetham V ◽  
Srinivas Kumar ◽  
D.Sen A.R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Lysine Concentration ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

A trial was conducted to evaluate the requirement of digestible lysine at various protein levels in the diet of WLH layers (BV-300) from 25-44 weeks of age. Layers (528) were fed with diets containing two protein levels i.e. 13.36 and 15.78 % each with 5 % concentration variations of lysine (0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, and 0.70) and a control with 17 % CP and 0.70 % lysine. Each diet was fed to six replicates of eight birds. Egg production, feed intake, body weight were not influenced either by the concentration of lysine or by level of protein in diet. Increased (P d” 0.05) egg weight and egg mass were observed with increasing lysine in diets. Better feed efficiency was observed with increasing lysine concentration. It can be concluded that WLH layers require approximately 0.65% lysine with 13.36% CP or 0.63% lysine with 15.78% CP (i.e. 598.80 vs 570 mg/h/day) in diet.

scholarly journals Potential diagnostic methods and nutritional changes to combat bovine respiratory disease in receiving cattle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cooper Daniel Martin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Cattle Health

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) accounts for up to 70 percent of health disruptions and $500 million in associated medical costs and production losses, thus receiving considerable attention from cattle health personnel in production and research alike. Experiments were conducted in 2 studies to investigate aspects of nutrition and animal health in receiving cattle. Blood chemistry and immune components of sick and healthy cattle, along with feed intake, growth, and feed efficiency were evaluated for methods potentially useful in BRD diagnosis or offsetting performance losses. Intake, blood chemistry analysis, and immune proteins known as acute phase proteins provided patterns with possible complementarity for more accurate objective BRD diagnosis. Feed efficiency was improved by supplementing amino acids to exceed nutrient requirements. Utilizing these findings could provide incremental improvements in the current stalemate against BRD, improving both beef industry profitability and animal welfare.

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