scholarly journals PSII-28 Effect of route of administration of dinoprost tromethamine on serum profiles of PGFM and progesterone in lactating Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 377-377
Author(s):  
Megan A Mezera ◽  
Megan R Lauber ◽  
Adam D Beard ◽  
Elisa M Cabrera ◽  
Milo C Wiltbank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Prostaglandin F2 Alpha ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Our objective was to compare serum profiles of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) and circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations in lactating Holstein cows based on route of administration of dinoprost tromethamine administered 7 d after administration of GnRH. Multiparous lactating Holstein cows were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters 6 d after the last GnRH treatment of an Ovsynch protocol (d 0), and cows were randomized on d 7 to receive 25 mg dinoprost tromethamine (2 mL Lutalyse® HighCon; Zoetis, Parsippany-Troy Hills, NJ) either s.c. in the neck (SC; n = 6) or i.m. in the semitendenous muscle (IM; n = 6). Blood samples were collected via jugular catheters 24, 2, and 1 h before treatment to establish baseline P4 concentrations. Blood samples were collected every 15 min after treatment for 1.75 h, then every 30 min for 48 h, and at 60 and 72 h with the last time point corresponding to timed AI after an Ovsynch protocol. Serum samples were stored frozen and later assayed for PGFM and P4 concentrations via ELISA. Circulating PGFM concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) for SC than for IM cows from 15 to 90 minutes after treatment which resulted in a greater (P = 0.02) area under the PGFM curve during the first 2 h after treatment (2,223 ± 160 pg•hr/mL vs. 1,586 ± 150 pg•hr/mL for SC vs. IM cows, respectively). By contrast, circulating P4 concentrations normalized to percent of baseline P4 concentrations did not differ between treatments at any time point after treatment during the experiment. In conclusion, although SC cows had greater circulating PGFM concentrations 15 to 90 min after treatment than IM cows, the decrease in circulating P4 concentrations during induced luteolysis did not differ based on route of dinoprost tromethamine administration. Supported by NIFA USDA Hatch project 1019532.

scholarly journals SAT0253 ANTI-NEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMATIC ANTIBODIES PREDATE SYMPTOM ONSET OF ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS. A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1069.2-1070
Author(s):  
E. Berglin ◽  
A. J. Mohammad ◽  
J. Dahlqvist ◽  
C. Eriksson ◽  
J. Sjöwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Discharge Summary ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Time Point

Background:Presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (ANCA) is important for the diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and reflects on-going immune processes. The timing of the antibody development and its contribution to disease is not well established.Objectives:To investigate the presence of proteinase 3 (PR3)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA in blood samples collected from healthy individuals who subsequently developed AAV.Methods:The Swedish National Patient Register of inpatient care and the Swedish Cause of Death Register were used to identify individuals assigned ICD codes for AAV (1) in the discharge summary or cause of death, respectively. The resulted cohort was then linked to the registers of 4 different biobanks to identify those with available predating blood samples. Diagnoses of AAV were confirmed and time point for onset of symptoms was identified by reviewing all available case records (1); 68 were classified as granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 14 as microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 4 as eosinophilic GPA (EGPA). The 86 cases (36 males, 50 females) had a mean (SD) age of 51.9 (16.9) years at sampling, with ≥1 sample (26% plasma, 74% serum samples). The sampling time point before onset of symptoms was mean (SD); 4.4 (3.1) years. Serum and plasma control samples (n=198; 82 males, 116 females; mean age (SD); 52.0 (16.5) years) were identified and matched for sex, age and date of sampling. The samples were first screened for ANCA using high sensitive ELISA (ORGANTEC diagnostika, Germany) and samples close to or above cut-off level were further analysed for capture PR3- and capture MPO-ANCA (ELISA; SVAR Life Science, Sweden). For each case one control sample was included for the ANCA specificity tests. Statistical calculations were performed using SPSS software.Results:In ANCA-screen 36.0% of the cases and 2.6 % of controls tested positive (p<0.001). 23/52 (44.2%) of the cases were PR3-ANCA positive (OR 56.3; 95% CI 7.26-436.62) and 8/52 (15.4%) were MPO-ANCA positive (OR 4.18; 95% CI 1.05-16.62). The mean (SD) predating time for PR3-ANCA positivity was 3.73 (3.49) years and for MPO-ANCA positivity 2.11 (1.46) years. Cases with positive predating PR3-ANCA were younger (46.0±19.4 vs 65.6±12.0 years; P<0.001) than cases with a negative predating PR3-ANCA. MPO-ANCA positive vs. MPO-ANCA negative pre-dating cases had more often severe disease (kidney/lung/peripheral nervous system) (OR 15.08; 95% CI 1.68—135.54) at disease onset. Furthermore, predating MPO-ANCA positive vs predating PR3-ANCA positive cases had significantly more often severe manifestations at disease onset (87.5% vs 28.6%; p<0.05). Cases positive vs. negative for MPO-ANCA in predating samples were less often classified as GPA (37.5% vs 86.4%; p<0.01) and more often as MPA (62.5% vs 13.6%; p<0.05).Conclusion:The production of both PR3 and MPO-ANCA starts already years before onset of symptoms of AAV. Presence of MPO-ANCA appeared closer to symptom onset and with more severe disease presentation. Differences in the disease phenotype and disease severity were evident between the two ANCA serotypes.References:[1]Watts et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2007;66:222-22Acknowledgments: :Vasculitis Foundation, USADisclosure of Interests:Ewa Berglin: None declared, Aladdin J Mohammad Speakers bureau: lecture fees from Roche and Elli Lilly Sweden, PI (GiACTA study), Johanna Dahlqvist: None declared, Catharina Eriksson: None declared, Johanna Sjöwall: None declared, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist: None declared

scholarly journals PRRSV detection by qPCR in processing fluids and serum samples collected in a positive stable breeding herd following mass vaccination of sows with a modified live vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebret ◽  
P. Berton ◽  
V. Normand ◽  
I. Messager ◽  
N. Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Live Vaccine ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stability Monitoring ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Modified Live Vaccine ◽  
Processing Fluid

AbstractIn the last two decades, in France, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) stabilization protocols have been implemented using mass vaccination with a modified live vaccine (MLV), herd closure and biosecurity measures. Efficient surveillance for PRRSV is essential for generating evidence of absence of viral replication and transmission in pigs. The use of processing fluid (PF) was first described in 2018 in the United States and was demonstrated to provide a higher herd-level sensitivity compared with blood samples (BS) for PRRSV monitoring. In the meantime, data on vertical transmission of MLV viruses are rare even as it is a major concern. Therefore, veterinarians usually wait for several weeks after a sow mass vaccination before starting a stability monitoring. This clinical study was conducted in a PRRSV-stable commercial 1000-sow breed-to-wean farm. This farm suffered from a PRRS outbreak in January 2018. After implementing a stabilisation protocol, this farm was controlled as stable for more than 9 months before the beginning of the study. PF and BS at weaning were collected in four consecutive batches born after a booster sow mass MLV vaccination. We failed to detect PRRSV by qPCR on PF and BS collected in a positive-stable breeding herd after vaccination with ReproCyc® PRRS EU (Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany).

scholarly journals Pupil Dilation with Intracameral Epinephrine Hydrochloride during Phacoemulsification and Intraocular Lens Implantation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A-Yong Yu ◽  
Hua Guo ◽  
Qin-Mei Wang ◽  
Fang-Jun Bao ◽  
Jing-Hai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Corneal Incision ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Contralateral Eye ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Time Point

Objective. To investigate mydriatic effect of intracamerally injected epinephrine hydrochloride during phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Methods. Eighteen cataract patients for bilateral phacoemulsification were enrolled. To dilate pupil, one eye was randomly selected to receive intracamerally 1 mL epinephrine hydrochloride 0.001% for 1 minute after corneal incision (intracameral group), and the contralateral eye received 3 drops of compound tropicamide 0.5% and phenylephrine 0.5% at 5-minute intervals 30 minutes before surgery (topical group). Pupil diameters were measured before corneal incision, before ophthalmic viscoelastic device (OVD) injection, after OVD injection, before IOL implantation, and at the end of surgery.Results. At each time point, the mean pupil diameter in the intracameral group was2.20±0.08,5.09±0.20,6.76±0.19,6.48±0.18, and5.97±0.24 mm, respectively, and in the topical group it was7.98±0.15,7.98±0.15,8.53±0.14,8.27±0.16, and7.93±0.20 mm, respectively. The topical group consistently had larger mydriatic effects than the intracameral group (P<0.05). The onset of mydriatic effect was rapid in the intracameral group. There was no difference in surgical performance or other parameters between groups.Conclusions. Intracameral epinephrine hydrochloride appears to be an alternative to the mydriatic modalities for phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. In comparison with topical mydriatics, intracameral epinephrine hydrochloride offers easier preoperative preparation, more rapid pupil dilation, and comparable surgical performance.

Search for Melanoma Markers in Plasma and Serum Samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Seraglia ◽  
Susanna Vogliardi ◽  
Graziella Allegri ◽  
Stefano Comai ◽  
Mario Lise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Ions

Fourteen blood samples from patients with melanomas and 11 blood samples from healthy subjects were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The study focussed on species of low molecular weight, in the 800–5000 Da range, present in plasma and sera. While for healthy subjects plasma samples lead to the production of a higher number of ionic species, for melanoma patients a high number of diagnostic ions, present with high frequency and with quite high relative abundance, are present, in particular, in serum samples and, to a lesser extent, also in plasma. Since plasma samples are obtained more easily in comparison to sera, it is possible to suggest that plasma can also be used for these studies.

LONGITUDINAL EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-NUCLEOCAPSID IGG AFTER THE CONFIRMED COVID-19 IN NORTHERN CROATIAN POPULATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Tamara Bezek ◽  
Petra Meliš ◽  
Bojana Kranjčec ◽  
Snježana Semenski ◽  
Kornelija Klenkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Northern Croatia ◽  
Time Point

BACKGROUND: This study longitudinally evaluated the IgG response against the N-protein after the onset of COVID19 infection. We determined the kinetics and magnitude of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in conrmed COVID-19 patients who were the rst infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Krapina-Zagorje county in northern Croatia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 177 blood specimens from 51 patients who tested positive by PCR for COVID-19 and provided longitudinal blood samples over a duration of several months, allowing to evaluate the IgG response against the N-protein. SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay was interpreted as positive (ratio1.4 S/C) or negative (ratio<1.4 S/C). RESULTS: The majority of subjects (48/51) reported symptomatic disease. Among the 49 patients who underwent serological antibody testing at rst time point (median: 47 days), 47/49 were positive for IgG 6.02 (0.24-10.54 S/C), while at sixth time point (median: 275 days) 4/16 patients were positive for IgG, 9/16 were in grey zone, and 3/16 were negative. Using Wilcoxon statistical analysis we found statistically signicant decrease of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein IgG indices between the rst and the sixth time point (median signal to cut-off ratio, S/C, 8.18 IQR 6.91, 9.51 to 0.94 IQR 0.56, 1.18, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We claried the kinetics and magnitude of the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in conrmed COVID-19 patients. Our results provide critical evidence that N-protein IgG response persists in the majority of patients for at least six to eight months after COVID19 infection.

scholarly journals Effects of Delayed Sample Processing on Determination of Total and High Molecular Weight (HMW) Adiponectin in Serum and Plasma: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Choaping Ng ◽  
Felicity J Rose ◽  
Sahar Keshvari ◽  
Marina M Reeves ◽  
Goce Dimeski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Total Adiponectin

<p>Adiponectin is a beneficial adipocyte-secreted hormone, which circulates in a variety of multimeric forms termed low and high molecular weight (LMW/HMW). Effectiveness of clinical therapeutic trials which target adiponectin rely on accurate determination of circulating total and HMW adiponectin levels but the accuracy may be influenced by variations in sample handling processes. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of delayed processing of blood samples on the concentration of total and HMW adiponectin.</p><p>Materials and Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected for analysis of total and HMW adiponectin concentrations in EDTA plasma and serum from eight healthy participants.  Samples were centrifuged post 15 min storage at 4<sup>o</sup>C as the comparative ‘ideal’ method or after up to 72 h of refrigerated storage or 6 h at room temperature. Total and HMW adiponectin concentrations were measured by ELISA.</p><p>Results: Under ideal handling conditions measurements of total and HMW adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in serum than in plasma (mean difference: -1.3 µg/mL [95% CI: -1.6, -1.0], p&lt;0.001; and, -0.6 µg/mL [95% CI: -0.7, -0.5], p&lt;0.001, respectively).  Storage of blood samples at 4<sup>o</sup>C for 72 h resulted in significant reductions in concentration of total adiponectin in serum (mean difference: -1.4 µg/mL [95% CI: -2.0, -0.8], p=0.001) and HMW adiponectin in plasma (mean difference: -0.6 µg/mL [95%CI: -0.9, -0.2], p=0.007), compared with ideal conditions.  Further analysis of serum samples showed a significant decrease in total adiponectin concentration after 6 h storage at 4<sup>o</sup>C (mean difference: -1.4 µg/mL [95% CI: -2.0, -0.8], p=0.001) compared with ideal conditions.</p><p>Conclusions: Delayed processing of samples may have differential effects on the concentration of total and HMW adiponectin in serum or plasma. Larger studies are warranted for clinical intervention trials.</p>

scholarly journals Epidemiological aspects of the Brazilian spotted fever: serological survey of dogs and horses in an endemic area in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elba R.S. de Lemos ◽  
Raimundo D. Machado ◽  
José R. Coura ◽  
Maria A.A.M. Guimarães ◽  
Nelson Chagas
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Brazilian Spotted Fever

In order to obtain information on Brazilian spotted fever, a study in domestic animals was performed in the County of Pedreira, State of São Paulo, Brazil, where 17 human cases had been notified. Serum samples obtained from animals were tested by indirect immunofluorescence for detectable antibodies to spotted fever-group rickettsiae. Seropositivity was revealed in 12 (36.4%) of 33 dogs and seven (77.8%) of nine horses from the endemic area. For comparison, blood samples from dogs and horses from non endemic area were tested and four (12.9%) of 31 dogs and three (27.3%) of 11 horses were positive. The highest titers of antibodies by IFA (IgG > 1:1024) were found only in three dogs and six horses from endemic area. The results suggest that dogs as horses may serve as environmental sentinels for estabilishing the prevalence of foci of spotted fever in Brazil.

scholarly journals Pre- and post-weaning injections of bovine somatotropin to optimize puberty achievement of Bos indicus beef heifers1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipe Moriel ◽  
Bruno Ieda Cappellozza ◽  
Matheus B Piccolo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Miguel F Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Liver Gene ◽  
To Receive

Abstract The present study evaluated the growth and puberty attainment of Bos indicus heifers administered recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) or saline injections during preweaning and/or postweaning. On day 0, 177 suckling Nellore heifers were stratified by initial age and body weight (BW) (80 ± 10 d; 97 ± 16 kg), and randomly assigned, in a 2 × 2 factorial design (n = 44 to 45 heifers/treatment), to receive s.c. injections of saline (5 mL 0.9% NaCl) or sometribove zinc (Posilac; Elanco, Greenfield, IN; 6.14 mg/kg of BW0.75) on days 0 and 10 (PRE) and/or days 167 and 177 (POS). All heifers were managed as a single group in Brachiaria decumbens pastures from day 0 until 24 d postweaning (day 191), and then provided a corn silage–based TMR from days 191 to 380 to achieve 65% to 70% of mature BW at the end of the study (day 380). Heifer full BW was collected on days 0, 10, 167, 177, and monthly from days 191 to 380. Transrectal ultrasonography of ovaries was performed on days 1 and 10 of each month from days 229 to 380 to assess the percentage of pubertal heifers. Liver biopsies and blood samples from jugular vein were collected on days 0, 10, 167, 177, and 380. Additional blood samples were collected monthly from days 259 to 380 (n = 10 to 15 heifers/treatment). No interactions among day of the study, PRE, and POS injections of saline or bST were detected (P ≥ 0.11). Preweaning bST injections increased heifer average daily gain (ADG) from days 0 to 10 and plasma IGF-1 on day 10 (P ≤ 0.03), did not affect ADG from days 0 to 177, plasma IGF-1 from days 259 to 380, and any liver gene mRNA expression (P ≥ 0.19), but tended to decrease ADG from days 191 to 380 (P = 0.07) and percentage of pubertal heifers on days 349 (P = 0.07), 359 (P = 0.002), and 380 (P = 0.0001) compared with saline injections. Postweaning bST injections increased plasma IGF-1 on day 177 and overall liver mRNA expression of GHR-1A (P ≤ 0.05), decreased plasma IGF-1 from days 259 to 380 (P = 0.03), tended to decrease liver mRNA expression of GHR-1B on day 177 (P = 0.08), but did not affect ADG from days 167 to 177 and 191 to 380, and puberty attainment from days 229 to 380 (P ≥ 0.12) compared with saline injections. Thus, preweaning and postweaning injections of bST successfully increased heifer plasma IGF-1 concentrations 10 d after first injection. Postweaning injections of bST had no impact on puberty attainment, whereas preweaning bST injections of bST impaired puberty attainment of Nellore beef heifers.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF LEPTIN (LEP) GENE POLYMORPHISM ON DAIRY AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF HOLSTEIN HEIFERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
E.R. Gaynutdinova ◽  
◽  
N.Yu. Safina ◽  
Sh.K. Shakirov ◽  
M.I. Varlamova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testing Frequency ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
Meat Productivity

The aim of this study was to research the association between leptin gene polymorphism in Holstein cows with their dairy and meat traits of productivity. To conduct DNA testing on the LEP gene blood samples were selected from 228 Holstein heifers. Animal genotyping according to the leptin gene was performed by AC-PCR. All possible genotypes of the LEP gene were identified in the course of DNA testing. Frequency of occurrence of genotypes and alleles was ranked as fol-lows: CC – 32.5 %, TC – 49.1 %, TT – 18.4 % and C – 0.57, T – 0.43. The results of this study show that animals with genotype TT of LEP gene can be useful in breeding for the improvement of population of Holstein cattle by economic traits associated to the dairy and meat productivity. This research was supported by the FASO Russia project АААА-А18-118031390148-1.

Voluntary intake of a medicated feed block by grazing sheep is increased by gastrointestinal nematode infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1136
Author(s):  
F. J. Fishpool ◽  
L. P. Kahn ◽  
D. J. Tucker ◽  
J. V. Nolan ◽  
R. A. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Grazing Sheep ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
To Receive

The aim of this study was to determine the rate, variability and repeatability of intake by grazing sheep of a medicated feed block (MFB) containing fenbendazole and investigate if infection with gastrointestinal nematodes altered consumption patterns of the MFB in the same grazing mob. In Experiment 1, 30 Merino wethers were given access to an MFB for two separate 1-week periods, with blood sampling at Days 2, 4 and 6 of each period to determine MFB intake. In Experiment 2, the wethers were selected based on previous MFB intake and allocated to receive an oral dose of 10 000 Trichostrongylus colubriformis and 3000 Haemonchus contortus (anthelmintic susceptible) or a long acting anthelmintic. After 5 weeks, sheep were given access to an MFB (1.5 mg fenbendazole/g) and eight blood samples were taken over 2 weeks to determine intake. In Experiment 1, individual MFB intake in Week 1 and Week 2 was positively correlated (P = 0.002, R2 = 0.287). Mean individual MFB intake in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 was positively correlated (P = 0.008, R2 = 0.047). In Experiment 2, more infected wethers (95%) consumed the MFB than did uninfected wethers (79%) (P < 0.001) and infected wethers ate significantly more MFB over the first 4 days (P = 0.041) of access. All infected sheep consumed sufficient MFB to receive a therapeutic dose and worm egg counts in infected sheep declined from 2165 epg to 120 epg in the first week of access to MFB. The decline in differences in MFB intake between infected and uninfected sheep corresponded to the decline in worm egg count, suggesting the existence of self-medication with parasitism accounting for intake differences.

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