scholarly journals PSIV-22 Effect of dietary glycine on growth performance and skin collagen abundance of nursery pigs fed low crude protein diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Author(s):  
Kayla E Silva ◽  
Wilfredo Mansilla ◽  
Anna Kate Shoveller ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
John Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Skin Collagen ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Ninety-six barrows (initial BW: 6.41 ± 0.61kg) were used to determine the effect of low crude protein (CP) diets supplemented with glycine and serine (G+S) on growth performance and skin collagen abundance. Barrows were randomly assigned to 24 pens and fed 1 of 3 dietary treatments ad-libitum in a 3-phase-feeding program: 1) corn-soybean meal diet (CON; 23.6– 20.5% CP); 2) low-CP diet (19.7–14.8% CP) supplemented with G+S to achieve the same concentration of G+S as CON; 3) similar to diet 2 but supplemented with glutamate instead of G+S to maintain the same CP concentration (GLU); diets were fed for 6 weeks. Individual BW and pen feed disappearance were measured weekly. On d 35, 1 pig/pen was sacrificed for determination of body composition and N retention, and skin samples were collected for collagen analysis. Final BW and overall ADG were greater for pigs fed CON versus GLU (P < 0.05) while G+S were intermediate; feed efficiency was not influenced by diet. Carcass weights on day 35 were greater for pigs fed CON (22.4kg) versus G+S (19.0kg) or GLU (20.4 kg; P < 0.05). Viscera weights on day 35 were greater for CON (3373g) versus G+S (2912g; P < 0.05); GLU were intermediate (3186g). Overall, whole-body N retention and N intake were greater for CON (11.98, 38.3 g/d for N retention and N intake, respectively) than G+S (9.02, 27.5 g/d) and GLU (9.52, 29.1g/d; P < 0.05). On day 35, pigs fed G+S and CON had greater skin collagen abundance (72.8%,and 72.0% for G+S and CON, respectively) versus GLU (67.2%;P < 0.05). Supplementing low-CP diets with G+S maintained BW and overall ADG (versus CON), but both G+S and GLU had reduced N retention; only G+S had skin collagen abundance not different from CON. Supplementing specific non-essential amino acids as well as measures beyond growth performance should be considered when formulating low-CP diets.

scholarly journals PSVI-1 Dietary protease supplementation on growth performance and post-weaning diarrhea of nursery pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Author(s):  
Jorge Y Perez-Palencia ◽  
David A Clizer ◽  
Christian Ramirez-Camba ◽  
Ryan S Samuel ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Fecal Score

Abstract This experiment evaluated the effect of dietary protease supplementation on pig’s growth performance and post-weaning diarrhea in a 43-d trial. A total of 936 weaned pigs [21 d of age, initial BW 5.87 ± 0.31 kg] were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 nutritional levels × 2 protease levels). The nutritional levels corresponded to a standard feeding program and a reduced feeding program (15% lower SID Lys) and without or with protease supplementation (0.0125% inclusion). Piglets were distributed in 36 pens with 26 pigs per pen and 9 replicates per dietary treatment. Pigs received a common Phase 1 diet and experimental diets in Phase 2, 3, and 4, (0.91, 3.4, 4.5, and 24.0 kg/pig, respectively). Phytase was included at 2,500 U in Phase 2 – 4, all diets met energy and AA:Lys requirements for nursery pigs. Feed intake and body weight were determined every 2 weeks. A pen fecal score assessment was performed at d7, 10, and 14. Performance data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure and fecal score data using the PROC FREQ procedure (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). No significant interactions (P &gt; 0.05) were observed between dietary treatments. From d15 to 43 and during overall experimental period, pigs fed standard diets had greater BW, ADG, and G:F (P &lt; 0.05) than pigs fed deficient diets (Table 1). On d7, pigs fed deficient diet had more (X2 &lt; 0.05) soft and watery feces, and consequently less normal feces compared to pigs fed standard diets (Figure 1). On d7, 10, and 14, pigs fed diets with protease supplementation had more (X2 &lt; 0.05) normal feces compared to control pigs. Overall, effects of dietary protease supplementation on growth performance were not expressive under the conditions of this study but protease addition benefited intestinal health of nursery pigs.

scholarly journals The effect of reduced dietary glycine and serine and supplemental threonine on growth performance, protein deposition in carcass and viscera, and skin collagen abundance of nursery pigs fed low crude protein diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla E Silva ◽  
Lee-Anne Huber ◽  
Wilfredo D Mansilla ◽  
Anna K Shoveller ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
N Source ◽  
Skin Collagen

Abstract Thirty five barrows (initial body weight [BW]: 15.1 ± 1.0 kg) were used to determine the effect of partially replacing Gly + Ser with Thr in reduced crude protein (CP) diets on growth performance, protein deposition in carcass and viscera, and skin collagen abundance during the late nursery phase to 25 kg BW. Pigs were individually fed one of five iso-nitrogenous diets (n = 7) for 21 d. The basal diet met estimated essential amino acids (AA) requirements by using all essential AA plus Gly and Ser in free form (CON; 12.1% CP; as-fed, analyzed contents). The remaining four diets were formulated by reducing total Gly and Ser concentrations to 60% or 20% of the CON diet. The N removed with Gly and Ser was replaced with either crystalline Thr or Glu. Total analyzed Thr made up either 1.59% (T1; 12.5% CP) or 2.34% (T2; 12.2% CP) of the Thr-supplemented diets, and total analyzed Glu made up either 3.47% (G1; 12.7% CP) or 4.64% (G2; 12.9% CP) of the Glu-supplemented diets. Pigs were slaughtered on day 21 to determine body composition and skin collagen abundance via bright field microscopy. Overall, average daily gain (ADG) and G:F and final carcass weights were greater for pigs fed diets supplemented with Glu (G1 + G2) vs. those fed diets supplemented with Thr (T1 + T2; P &lt; 0.05, P = 0.060, and P = 0.050 for ADG, G:F, and final carcass weight, respectively); intermediate values were observed for CON. Nitrogen retention in carcass plus viscera and the AA profile of deposited protein in the carcass were not influenced by dietary treatment. Pigs fed the T2 and G2 diets had greater retention of Thr (vs. CON and G2) and Glu (vs. CON and T2) in the viscera protein, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). The apparent utilization efficiency of standardized ileal digestible Thr for protein deposition in carcass plus viscera was less for pigs fed T2 (15.1%) vs. those fed CON (56.7%) or G2 (58.6% ± 2.9%) diets (P &lt; 0.001). Only pigs fed T1 had skin collagen abundance not different from CON; pigs fed G1, G2, and T2 had reduced skin collagen abundance compared with CON and T1 (P &lt; 0.01). Using Glu as an N source when Gly and Ser were reduced to 60% and 20% of CON in reduced CP diets maintained ADG for pigs between 15 and 25 kg BW, whereas supplying Thr as a N source reduced ADG and carcass weight. When dietary Gly and Ser were supplied at 60% of CON, only Thr supplementation rescued skin collagen abundance. Therefore, supplemental Thr at excess levels is not sufficient to replace N from Gly and Ser in reduced CP diets fed to late nursery pigs, despite supporting skin collagen abundance as a secondary indicator of Gly status.

PSIV-19 Flavors and Sweeteners in Nursery Pig Diets Increased Intake and Reduced Soft Feces in the First Weeks After Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 179-180
Author(s):  
Jorge Y Perez-Palencia ◽  
Xixi Chen ◽  
Jirong Lv ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The stressful events associated with weaning predispose piglets to reduced feed intake, which in concert with immature digestive and immune systems, results in increased incidences of diarrhea and poor performance. Flavors and sweeteners can be used in diets for young pigs as a means of attracting them to dry feed and increase their feed intake and performance after weaning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of flavors and sweeteners and their combination on growth performance and post-weaning gut health of nursery pigs. A total of 1,144 weaned pigs (initial BW 6.61 ± 0.2 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to one of four dietary treatments, with 11 replicates (pens) of 26 piglets per pen. Dietary treatments were 1) Control: standard 4-phase nursery feeding program; 2) Sweetener: control plus sweetener (0.015%); 3) Flavor: control plus flavoring (0.05%); 4) Combination: control plus sweetener and flavoring. Experimental diets were provided at a budget of 0.9, 3.4, 4.5, and 24 kg/pig in Phase 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. A common phase 5 diet was provided ad libitum until d56 after weaning. Feed disappearance and body weight were measured every other week. A pen fecal score assessment was performed at d4, 7, 10, and 14 after weaning. Overall, there were no differences among dietary treatments for growth performance. However, during the first two weeks post-weaning pigs fed diets containing flavors and sweeteners had a greater (P = 0.097) ADFI than control pigs. On d14, pigs fed diets containing flavors and sweeteners had less incidence of soft and watery feces (χ2 &lt; 0.05) compared to control pigs. This study provides evidence that dietary inclusion of flavors and sweeteners has important benefits to the overall health of nursery pigs likely related to feed intake in the period immediately after weaning.

Amino acid requirements of the growing meat rabbit 2. Comparative growth performance on practical diets of equal lysine concentration but decreasing levels of other amino acids

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Schultze ◽  
W. C. Smith ◽  
P. J. Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Asymptotic Model ◽  
Amino Acid Requirement

ABSTRACTOver a 40-day period nine rabbits were each given one of nine isocaloric diets with progressively reduced amounts of crude protein (159 to 97 g/kg) but a fixed level of lysine; the latter was slightly below the higher of the National Research Council (NRC, 1977) and Societe de Chime Organique et Biologique (AEC, 1978) recommendations. The proportion of each other essential amino acid in the diet of highest crude protein concentration was close to a balance derived from the higher of each independently determined amino acid requirement given by NRC (1977) and AEC (1978), while the proportions in the two diets of lowest crude protein level were below those in a theoretical amino acid balance based on rabbit whole-body tissue composition. When an intersecting linear regression line model was fitted to growth performance data over the period, performance was found to be similar on the first six diets (159 to 123 g crude protein per kg) but further reductions in dietary protein were accompanied by a decline in growth rate and concomitant increase in food conversion ratio. Fitting of an asymptotic model to the data showed that growth performance first declined markedly between diets four and five (130 to 120 g crude protein per kg). These findings suggest that if a balance of essential amino acids relative to lysine, based on current amino acid recommendations, is adhered to in diet formulation for the growing rabbit, several of these amino acids will be in excess of requirement

scholarly journals The effect of supplementing glycine and serine to a low crude protein diet on growth and skin collagen abundance of nursery pigs1

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla E Silva ◽  
Wilfredo D Mansilla ◽  
Anna K Shoveller ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
John P Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
N Retention ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Skin Collagen ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract A total of 96 newly weaned barrows (initial body weight [BW]: 6.3 ± 0.5 kg) were used to determine the effect of a low crude protein (CP) diet supplemented with Gly and Ser on growth and skin collagen abundance. Barrows were assigned to one of three experimental diets in a three-phase feeding program fed for 35 days (n = 8; pen was the experimental unit): 1) corn–soybean meal diet (CON; 20.3% to 23.1% CP; as-fed, analyzed contents); 2) low CP diet (14.8% to 21.4% CP) supplemented with Gly and Ser (G + S) to the same concentrations as CON; 3) low CP diet supplemented with Glu to maintain the same CP concentration as the G + S diet (GLU; 15.0% to 22.1% CP). On days 21 and 35, eight pigs per treatment were euthanized for the determination of physical and chemical body composition and skin collagen abundance. Pigs fed the CON diet had greater overall ADG and final BW compared to pigs fed GLU and G + S (P &lt; 0.01). Over the entire 35-day experimental period, ADFI was not influenced by dietary treatment but G:F tended to be greater for pigs fed CON than G + S (P = 0.084), while intermediate values were observed for GLU. Carcass weights on days 21 and 35 were greater for pigs fed CON than G + S or GLU (P &lt; 0.01). Viscera weights on day 21 were greater for CON than G + S and GLU (P &lt; 0.05) and on day 35 were greater for CON than G + S (P &lt; 0.05) with intermediate values observed for GLU. The N intake (g/d) between days 0 and 35 was greater for CON than G + S or GLU (P &lt; 0.05) and N retention in combined carcass and viscera was greater for CON than G + S (P &lt; 0.01) with intermediate values observed for GLU. No treatment effects were observed for efficiency of N utilization. Between days 0 and 21 however, the efficiency of using dietary N for N retention in carcass and viscera tended to be less for pigs fed CON vs. GLU (73.8% vs. 91.6%), while intermediate values were observed for G + S (84.3%; P = 0.095). Pigs fed CON and G + S diets had greater skin collagen abundance than pigs fed GLU on days 21 and 35 (P &lt; 0.01). Supplementing low CP diets with Glu or with Gly and Ser at the levels used in the current study did not maintain ADG or combined carcass and viscera N retention and only the G + S diet supported skin collagen abundance not different from pigs fed CON. The importance of meeting essential AA requirements for growth are well accepted, but supplementing specific NEAA may be needed when feeding reduced CP diets to newly weaned pigs to support secondary indicators of AA status, such as skin collagen abundance.

264 Effects of Low Dietary Crude Protein Diets Containing Coarse Wheat Bran as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide in Nursery Pig Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Kelsey Hammers ◽  
Hilda I Calderon ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Reduced Crude Protein

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reduced crude protein (CP) in diets containing coarse wheat bran (CWB) without pharmacological levels of Zn (ZnO) on growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM) of nursery pigs. A total of 650 pigs (DNA 241′600; initially 6.6 kg), were used with 5 pigs/pen and 26 replicate pens/treatment. Pens were assigned to 1 of 5 treatments in a RCB design based on BW. Treatments were fed for 13-d, contained 4% CWB, and consisted of: 1) diet with pharmacological ZnO (2,000 mg/kg Zn) and 21% CP formulated to 1.35% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys; 2) a diet with 110 ppm added Zn and 21% CP (1.35% SID Lys); 3) a diet with 110 ppm added Zn formulated to 18% CP (1.20% SID Lys); 4) an 18% CP diet with 110 ppm added Zn formulated to 1.35% SID Lys by the addition of increased levels of feed grade amino acids; and 5) diet 4 with addition of non-essential amino acids (NEAA; glycine and glutamic acid). Data were analyzed using the lmer function in R. Overall, pigs fed 21% CP with ZnO had increased (P &lt; 0.05) ADG compared to those fed 18% CP (1.35% SID Lys) with high levels of feed grade amino acids or those fed the reduced SID Lys (1.2%) diet. Gain-to-feed ratio was increased (P &lt; 0.05) for pigs fed 21% CP diets and those fed the 18% CP diet with NEAA compared to pigs fed 1.2% SID Lys and pigs fed high levels of feed grade amino acids. Fecal DM was increased (P &lt; 0.05) for pigs fed reduced SID Lys diet. In conclusion, reducing CP (subsequently SID Lys) in diets without ZnO decreased growth performance but increased fecal DM.

scholarly journals Growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of a novel high-protein corn distillers dried grains with solubles1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-358
Author(s):  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Adrienne M Hilbrands ◽  
Lee J Johnston ◽  
Gerald C Shurson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective of this study was to use the recently determined ME and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) values of AA for a novel high-protein distillers dried grains with solubles (HP-DDGS; PureStream 40, Lincolnway Energy LLC, Nevada, IA) to determine the optimal dietary inclusion rates in diets for nursery pigs. Three hundred and sixty pigs (BW = 6.79 ± 0.02 kg) were blocked by BW, and pens within blocks were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments (10 pens/treatment, 9 pigs/pen). Dietary treatments consisted of adding 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% HP-DDGS to nursery diets during phase 2 (days 7–21) and phase 3 (days 21–42) of a three-phase nursery feeding program. Diets within each phase were formulated to contain equivalent amounts of ME, SID Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp, Ca, standardized total tract digestible P, vitamins, and trace minerals. Calculated SID Leu to Lys ratios for 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% HP-DDGS diets were 119%, 137%, 156%, and 173% in phase 2 diets and 120%, 131%, 143%, and 160% in phase 3 diets. The SID Ile to Lys ratios ranged from 60% to 69% in phase 2 diets and from 54% to 59% in phase 3 diets. The SID Val to Lys ratios ranged from 63% to 79% in phase 2 diets and 64% to 68% in phase 3 diets. Body weight and feed disappearance were measured weekly. During phase 2, ADG, ADFI, and G:F were reduced linearly (P &lt; 0.01) as the diet inclusion rate of HP-DDGS increased. Similarly in phase 3, increasing dietary levels of HP-DDGS depressed ADG, ADFI, and G:F linearly (P &lt; 0.01). Overall growth performance of phases 2 and 3 of nursery pigs was negatively affected by increasing levels of HP-DDGS in these diets. Pigs acquired a Streptococcus suis and Escherichia coli disease challenge during the experiment. Although no differences in morbidity were observed throughout the experiment, including HP-DDGS in diets tended to decrease (P = 0.08) mortality. In conclusion, a linear decrease in nursery pig growth performance was observed as increasing levels of HP-DDGS were added in diets, which was probably due to overestimation of SID AA content of the HP-DDGS, antagonistic effects of excess Leu, and the effects of relatively high fiber content.

scholarly journals Effects of ensiling cassava peels on some fermentation characteristics and growth performance of sheep on-farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
R. Niayale ◽  
W. Addah ◽  
A.A. Ayantunde
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Fibre Concentration ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Cassava Peels

This study determined the effect of drying or ensiling cassava peels on some conservation characteristics and growth performance of sheep. Fresh peels were either sun-dried to a DM of 904 g/kg or ensiled for 45 days for determination of some chemical and microbial characteristics, and growth performance of sheep. 45 Djallonké sheep were randomly assigned to three supplementary dietary treatments (Control and dried or ensiled) and fed for 70 days. Ensiling reduced the pH from 5.65 in the fresh peel to 4.15 compared to 6.15 in the dried peel. Crude protein (CP) increased from 45±0.44 g/kg DM in the fresh peel to 46±0.48 and 52±0.88 g/kg DM in the dried and ensiled peel, respectively. Reduction in neutral detergent fibre concentration was greater by ensiling than by drying. However, a greater (P = 0.001) reduction in HCN concentration was achieved by drying than by ensiling. Moulds were greater (P = 0.011) in the ensiled than dry peels. Average daily weight gain was higher (P = 0.031) for sheep offered the ensiled than the dried or Control diet. In conclusion, sun-drying was more effective at reducing HCN concentration whereas ensiling improved the CP content of cassava peels and growth performance of sheep.

scholarly journals Effects of Fumonisin-Contaminated Corn on Growth Performance of 9 to 28 kg Nursery Pigs

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Zhong-Xing Rao ◽  
Mike D. Tokach ◽  
Jason C. Woodworth ◽  
Joel M. DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D. Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Fumonisin contamination in corn is an emerging issue in animal feed production. Fumonisin disrupts the metabolism of sphingolipids and reduces growth performance. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of feeding fumonisin-contaminated corn on growth performance and sphinganine (SA) to sphingosine (SO) ratios of 9 to 28 kg pigs. A total of 350 pigs, were used with 5 pigs/pen and 14 pens/treatment. Dietary treatments contained fumonisin-contaminated corn (50 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) blended with low fumonisin corn (10 mg/kg of fumonisin B1 + B2) to provide dietary fumonisin concentrations of 7.2, 14.7, 21.9, 32.7, and 35.1 mg/kg. From day 0 to 28, increasing fumonisin concentration decreased (linear, p < 0.001) average daily gain, average daily feed intake (linear, p = 0.055), and gain:feed ratio (linear, p = 0.016). Although these response criteria tested linear, the greatest reduction in performance was in pigs fed with 32.7 and 35.1 mg/kg of fumonisin (B1 + B2). Increasing fumonisin concentration increased the serum SA:SO ratio (linear, p < 0.001) on day 14 and 28. In summary, for 9 to 28 kg nursery pigs, increasing fumonisin linearly decreased average daily gain and gain:feed ratio. However, despite the linear response, diets containing up to 21.9 mg/kg of fumonisin did not have as dramatic a decrease in growth performance as those fed more than 32.7 mg/kg. Further research is warranted to determine the effect of fumonisin concentrations between 21.9 and 32.7 mg/kg.

268 In-feed Antibiotics Elicit Intestinal Integrity Modifications Early in Post-weaning Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
Jessica M Johnson ◽  
Emma T Helm ◽  
Nicholas K Gabler ◽  
Eric R Burrough ◽  
Carson M De Mille
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Ussing Chambers ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The physiological mechanisms by which in-feed antibiotics improve pig growth performance are largely unknown. One proposed mode of action is improvements in intestinal integrity and function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that in-feed therapeutic and sub-therapeutic antibiotics would improve intestinal integrity and function in nursery pigs. Twenty-four weaned pigs (6.1±1.1 kg BW) were randomly allotted to individual pens and assigned one of three dietary treatments as follows (n = 8 pigs/trt): 1) control, no antibiotics (CON), 2) CON + sub-therapeutic chlortetracycline [40 ppm in feed (sCTC)], and 3) CON + chlortetracycline-tiamulin [400 ppm + 35 ppm, respectively (CTCDen)]. The study consisted of two consecutive 14 d phases. Chlortetracycline-tiamulin was only fed in phase 1, sCTC was fed in both phases. Phase 1 and 2 ADG, ADFI, and G:F were determined. After 28 d, ileal and colonic ex vivo intestinal integrity was assessed via transepithelial resistance (TER) and macromolecule flux (FD4) in modified Ussing chambers. All data were analyzed for the fixed effects of treatment and start BW as a covariate. In phase 1, compared with CON and sCTC, CTCDen tended to have greater ADG (0.28, 0.31, and 0.33 kg/d, respectively, P = 0.10) and ADFI (0.28, 0.30, and 0.35 kg/d, respectively, P = 0.09). No differences in phase 1 G:F were observed (P = 0.11). Phase 2 ADG, ADFI, and G:F did not differ (P &gt; 0.10). Further, ileal TER and FD4 did not differ (P &gt; 0.10). Colonic TER tended to be increased in sCTC compared with CON and CTCDen (78, 56, and 59 Ω/cm2, respectively, P = 0.07). Compared with CON, colonic FD4 flux was decreased in sCTC and CTCDen by 35–40% (P = 0.03). Altogether, these data indicate that in-feed antibiotics improve colon integrity early in production which may contribute to improved growth performance.

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