PSXI-35 Effects of cultivation stage and supplementation level of sprouted barley on nutrient content and fermentation quality of fermented diet

Abstract This study was aimed to estimate the effect of cultivation stage and supplementation level of sprouted barley (SB) on nutrient content and fermentation quality of fermented total mixed ration (TMR). The SB were collected at day 6 (SB6) and day 8 (SB8) of cultivation stages and substituted at 5% (TMR5) and 10% (TMR10) of TMR on dry matter (DM) basis. These TMR were ensiled into 10 L mini silo (3 kg) for 14 days in triplicate. After silo open, sample (1 kg) was collected for laboratory analysis. Before ensiling, crude protein (CP) was lower (P = 0.012) in SB6 than in SB8. Additionally, DM in TMR10 was slightly lower (P = 0.015) than in TMR5 while CP and acid detergent fiber were higher (P < 0.05). After fermentation, crude ash (P = 0.002), in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) (P = 0.001; 73.5 vs. 72.0%) and in vitro neutral detergent fiber (IVNDFD) (P = 0.001; 50.6 vs. 47.7%) were higher in SB6 than in SB8. Additionally, DM (P = 0.002; 64.0 vs. 64.5) in TMR10 was lower than in TMR5, while CP (P = 0.005; 19.7 vs. 18.9%), IVDMD (P = 0.001; 74.5 vs. 71.0%), and IVNDFD (P = 0.001; 52.0 vs. 46.3%) were higher. Fermentation indices and microbial counts were not affected by cultivation stage of SB, except on propionate that higher (P = 0.014) in SB8 than SB6. Silage pH (P = 0.001) was lower in TMR10 than in TMR5, which followed by higher lactate (P = 0.003; 3.27 vs. 2.85%), acetate (P = 0.004; 0.52 vs. 0.42%), propionate (P < 0.001), and LAB count (P = 0.020; 7.49 vs. 7.19%). The interaction effects between cultivation stage and supplementation level only found on propionate production (P = 0.001). Yeast and mold were not affected by cultivation stage and supplementation level of SB. This study concluded SB6 was recommended to improve fermentation quality of fermented diet, and its application on TMR10 could increase not only rumen digestibility but also fermentation indices.

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Sustentabilidad de la producción caprina en la meseta central de Mendoza, Argentina

Tequio ◽

10.53331/teq.v1i3.7203 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 57-66

Author(s):

Patricio Dayenoff ◽

Javier Macario

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Botanical Composition ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Natural Pasture ◽

The Media ◽

Plateau Central

The objective of the present work was know the botanical composition of the goat's intake in natural pasture, between them years 2011-2013, and the quality forage of them species that greater participation presented along them cycles vegetative covered between 2013-2015, in the Plateau Central of Mendoza. This was evaluated in 54 Criollo adult goats by Fecal Micro-histology method in Regrowth, Flowering and vegetative Latency phases. Forage quality of species with greater participation was assessed by levels of crude protein, Official Methods of Analices (AOAC, 1980), Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber (Van Soest, Robertson and Lewis, 1991) and Digestibility In Vitro Dry Matter (Barnes and Marten, 1980). The media and standard desviation was studied by ANAVA and Tukey test. The bushes were the most consumed species, 53.03% on Regrowth, 64.7%, in Florewing and 74.2% in Latency, highlighting species Lycium sp., Schinus sp. and Prosopis sp, as which participated in the three phenological moments of the natural pasture, with levels of intake upper to the 8% in, each moment

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Chemical characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts in corn silage re-ensiled with bacterial inoculant

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2018000900008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1045-1052

Author(s):

Mateus Merlo Coelho ◽

Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves ◽

José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽

Kelly Moura Keller ◽

Gustavo Vinícius de Souza dos Anjos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Whole Plant

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of re-ensiling and bacterial inoculation on the quality of corn silage. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial design with or without inoculant (association of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici), and with re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure or only ensiling of the whole plant of 'BRS 1055' corn. The fermentative quality, nutritional parameters, dry matter losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological counts of silages were evaluated. Re-ensiling caused an increase of pH and in acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations, as well as in the dry matter (DM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber crude protein contents. Conversely, there was a reduction in the nonfiber carbohydrates concentration and in in vitro dry matter digestibility for the re-ensiled material. All changes were explained by the higher-effluent production and DM loss of re-ensiled material that was subjected to two compactions. Microbiology was not altered by the treatments. The use of inoculant altered ash content, but it did not influence other parameters. In contrast, re-ensiling after 36 hours of aerobic exposure caused a reduction in the nutritive value of corn silage and accentuated the DM losses.

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EVALUATION OF PINEGRASS AS RANGE FORAGE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps69-057 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 351-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alastair McLean ◽

S. Freyman ◽

J. E. Miltimore ◽

D. M. Bowden

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Native Forest ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

High Positive Correlation ◽

Calcium Iron

Seasonal changes in the quality of pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens) on native forest range in southern British Columbia included declines in crude protein content and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and increases in content of lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and ash. The decline in average daily gains of beef heifers was more rapid than changes in quality of the pinegrass over the grazing period from June to October.Pinegrass contained adequate nutrients for the rapid growth of yearlings or for maintaining weanling calves until August 1, whereupon protein and phosphorus supplementation were required. Nutrient requirements of pregnant cows and replacement heifers were adequately met until September 1.Copper and zinc were inadequate throughout the season. Calcium, iron, and manganese contents, however, were satisfactory. Silica was high and must be considered a potential problem in pinegrass utilization.Digestible dry matter gave a high positive correlation with crude protein and phosphorus and a high negative correlation with lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and total ash.Crude fiber, crude fat, and total soluble carbohydrate contents of pinegrass did not closely follow changes in either animal gains or in vitro digestible dry matter.Crude protein, phosphorus, and acid-detergent fiber appear to give a good indication of animal yields on pinegrass and could be used to evaluate pinegrass quality where animal data are not available.

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Sugarcane Production Based on Mineral and Organic Nitrogen Fertilizers for Ruminant Feeding

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i2.17097 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 678

Author(s):

Elane Tyara de Jesus Siqueira ◽

Rosane Claudia Rodrigues ◽

José Roberto Brito Freitas ◽

André Da Silva Alves ◽

Zinaldo Firmino da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

N Sources

Sugarcane may be a potential feed source for ruminants in tropical and subtropical areas. An important factor that can influence the nutritional quality of sugarcane for animal feeding is nitrogen fertilization management, however, studies on this subject are still scarce. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen sources on the quality and productivity of sugarcane as a forage resource. The variety of sugarcane used was RB92579, with application of nitrogen (N) sources (urea, poultry litter, swine manure) and control (without N application). Stalk productivity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, Brix, NDF / Brix ratio, and in situ digestibility were analyzed during incubation periods of 6, 24, and 72 hours. At the end of the study, it was found that the N sources did not interfere with sugarcane stalk productivity (P> 0.05), with an average productivity of 102 t ha-1. The N treatments did not influence (P> 0.05) in the nutritional quality of sugarcane, when evaluating the contents of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, Brix and NDF / Brix ratio. The dry matter degradation had an effect (P <0.05) for the different N sources and incubation times, where poultry litter and swine manure treatments showed higher values for degradation at 72 hours of incubation. The different N organic sources did not interfere in the chemical composition and productivity of the sugarcane culture, however it presented better results in the in situ degradability of the dry matter. This, it can be recommended that mineral nitrogen fertilizers can be replaced by organic fertilizers.

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Production and quality of sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.48304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. e48304

Author(s):

Charles Barbosa dos Santos ◽

Katia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽

Wender Ferreira de Souza ◽

Itamar Pereira de Oliveira ◽

Daniel Augusto Alves Teixeira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Production ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Fermentative Process

The objective of this study was to evaluate dry mass production, fermentative parameters and chemical and bromatological composition of sunflower silage and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of silage forage systems: sunflower monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; sunflower row-intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; sunflower inter-row intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; and sunflower oversown and intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass, totalizing 20 experimental silos. Sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass were harvested at 110 days after planting at 20 cm from the soil for silage, using brush cutter. The silos were opened after 53 days of fermentation. The rows and inter-row intercropped systems contributed to increase the mass production of the ensiled material. The monocropped sunflower silage had higher values of pH, ethereal extract and acid detergent fiber and lower values of titratable acidity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility values. The silages of the sunflower intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in forage systems of crop-livestock integration presented better fermentative and bromatological characteristics, guaranteeing an adequate fermentative process and nutritional quality. In this way, the intercropping of these two forages potentiates the production of silage for feeding of ruminants during the period of forage shortage.

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Study on Microbial Flora's Change and Fermentation Quality in Ensiling of Banana Stems and Leaves

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.2316 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 524-527 ◽

pp. 2316-2320 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jin Song Yang ◽

Han Lin Zhou ◽

Dong Jin Wang ◽

Hai Sheng Tan ◽

Shao Cheng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ph Value ◽

Microbial Flora ◽

Aerobic Bacteria ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Fermentation Quality ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

Better Than

Four samples of banana stems and leaves were prepared, which were processed through adding no additives, adding molasses, adding lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and adding both LAB and molasses respectively. In order to find out the regular pattern of microbial flora, microbial flora of each sample was analyzed during ensiling. It was found out that growth of LAB reached its peak of 6.4×107～7.8×109 CFU/g FM in the 6th day of ensiling, growth of aerobic bacteria reached its peak of 2.8×104～5.6×104 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling, and growth of yeast reached its peak of 8.6×104～5.8×106 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling. All of the samples with different way of processing showed the same trend that growth of microbial flora number were increased gradually and then decreased. It were also found out that decrease of pH value had relation with LAB number, and decrease of pH value were lagged behind the peak number of LAB, and number of aerobic bacteria and yeast were decreased with reproducing of LAB and decline of pH value. Nutrition constituent of forage made of banana stems and leaves was as follows: Dry matter 32.27%～33.59%，Crude protein 7.42%～8.16%, Acid detergent fiber 38.21%～41.43%. Quality of silage added with molasses, LAB and both molasses and LAB were better than that with no additives.

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Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/3543-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽

pp. 515-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Iptas ◽

A.A. Acar

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Quality Parameter ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Whole Plant

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased from 214 to 227 g/kg and from 420 to 451 g/kg during the year 2001, respectively. However, ADF content decreased from 281 to 267 g/kg and NDF contents decreased from 530 to 515 g/kg with increasing row spacing during the year 2002. In this study, hybrids showed distinct differences for crude protein, ADF and NDF contents in both years. Forage quality parameter including ADF and NDF of Pioneer 3163, TTM 8119 and Karadeniz Yildizi were higher than Arifiye hybrid.

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Replacing Alfalfa with Paper Mulberry in Total Mixed Ration Silages: Effects on Ensiling Characteristics, Protein Degradation, and In Vitro Digestibility

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1273

Author(s):

Rongrong Li ◽

Mingli Zheng ◽

Di Jiang ◽

Pengjiao Tian ◽

Menghu Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Degradation ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Condensed Tannin ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Protein Nitrogen ◽

Total Mixed Ration ◽

Fermentation Quality

To develop an alternative high-protein forage resource to alleviate ruminant feed shortages, we investigated the effects of replacing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with different ratios of paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera L., RY) on fermentation quality, protein degradation, and in vitro digestibility of total mixed ration (TMR) silage. The TMR were made with alfalfa and RY mixtures (36.0%), maize meal (35.0%), oat grass (10.0%), soybean meal (7.5%), brewers’ grain (5.0%), wheat bran (5.0%), premix (1.0%), and salt (0.5%) on a dry matter basis, respectively. The alfalfa and RY mixtures were made in the following ratios of dry matter: 36:0 (RY0), 27:9 (RY9), 18:18 (RY18), 9:27 (RY27), and 0:36 (RY36). After ensiling for 7, 14, 28, and 56 days, fermentation quality, protein degradation, and microbial counts were examined, and chemical composition and in vitro digestibility were analyzed after 56 days of ensiling. All TMR silages, irrespective of the substitution level of RY, were well preserved with low pH and ammonia nitrogen content, high lactic acid content, and undetectable butyric acid. After ensiling, the condensed tannin content for RY18 silages was higher than the control, but non-protein nitrogen, peptide nitrogen, and free amino acid nitrogen contents was lower, while the fraction B1 (buffer-soluble protein) was not different among all the silages. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility for RY27 and RY36 silages was lower than the control, but there was no difference between control and RY18 silages. This study suggested that ensiling RY with alfalfa inhibited true protein degradation, but decreased in vitro dry matter and crude protein digestibility of TMR silages, and that 18:18 is the optimal ratio.

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Use of Chelex-100 for the molecular diagnosis of five animal pathogens

FAVE Sección Ciencias Veterinarias ◽

10.14409/favecv.v20i1.9724 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 26-30

Author(s):

Mariela Luján TOMAZIC ◽

Micaela HAMER ◽

Carla Paola BUSTOS ◽

Matías ARREGUI ◽

Mariano ASCENCIO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cutoff Frequency ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Chelex 100 ◽

Animal Pathogens ◽

One Year

The goal of this work was to evaluate the nutritional quality in 3 cultivars of alfalfa, belonging to different winter dormancy (GRI), subjected to two cutting frequencies during one year of cultivation, based on the abundant information existing in studies carried out in productivity, coverage and persistence, not so in the determination of quality of forage subjected to different frequencies of cuts and contrasting GRI. Three cultivars (GR6-Verzy), (GR9-Mecha) and (GR10-Ruano) were tested. The experimental design was a complete split plot with four repetitions. Two treatments defined by the cutting intervals were established: T1: 25 days and T2: 35 days. These were specified for spring, summer and fall seasons. For winter the interval was 45 and 55 days in T1 and T2, respectively. The evaluated variables were: percentage of dry matter (% DM), percentage of crude protein (% PB), percentage of neutral detergent fiber (% FDN) and percentage of acid detergent fiber (% FDA). Significant differences were found for all the nutritional variables studied, for both treatment with p <0.05 with InfoStat program. Interaction between cultivars and treatment was observed for % PB. The 35 days cutoff frequency of yielded the lowest percentages of PB and the highest percentages of FDN and FDA. Hence the forage resulting from this frequency is of a lower quality, leading to decreased digestibility and lower performance of pasture for livestock.

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